Objective To analyze and identify the volatile constituents in different parts(flowers,stems and leaves)of Huai chrysanthemumin,and to lay a theoretical foundation for the comprehensive utilization for it.Methods The volatile oil in different parts of Huai chrysanthemumin were extracted by hydrodistillation,respectively.Their constituents were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The compounds were identified by library search and literature screening.The relative percentage of each compound was obtained by the area normalization method.The differences in their chemical compositions were analyzed by Venn diagram,principal component analysis(PCA)and cluster heat map analysis.Results A total of 62 volatile chemical components were identified from different parts of Huai chrysanthemumin,including monoterpenes,sesquiterpenes,and their derivatives,as well as a small amount of aliphatic compounds.32,42 and 40 volatile components were detected from the flowers,stems and flowers,respectively.Furthermore 17 volatile components were shared by three parts,whereas 5,6 and 16 volatile components were unique to the flowers,stems and leaves,respectively.The results of stoichiometric analysis showed that both PCA and cluster heat map analysis could separate the flowers,stems and leaves,and their volatile components were different.Conclusion The types and contents of the volatile oil in the stems,leaves and flowers of Huai chrysanthemumin have certain variability,which provide a scientific basis for the further medicinal or industrial exploitation of different parts of Huai chrysanthemumin.

Objective:To establish ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) characteristic chromatogram of Pulsatilla chinensis; To provide reference for the origin identification and quality control of Pulsatilla chinensis. Methods:UPLC Method was adopted. The determination was performed on a column of Agilent SB C18 (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.8 μm) . The mobile phase was acetonitrile-methanol (2:1) -0.1% phosphoric acid solution by fradient elution at a flow rate of 0.30ml/min. The column temperature was 30 ℃. The detection wavelength was 215 nm. The injection volume was 2 μl. The common counterfeit products and medicinal herbs of Pulsatilla chinensis from different areas were evaluated by comparison of characteristic chromatogram, principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Results:There were 9 characteristic peaks in the characteristic chromatogram of Pulsatilla chinensis, and 8 common peaks were identified by high resolution mass spectrometry and comparison of reference materials. Through PCA analysis, it was possible to clearly distinguish the medicinal herbs of Pulsatilla chinensis from different areas. Combined with OPLS-DA analysis, it was found that peak 2, peak 3, peak 6 were the main markers of Pulsatilla chinensis from different producing areas. Conclusion:The established method has good specificity, repeatability and durability, and it can effectively distinguish the common counterfeits of Pulsatilla chinensis, and provide the basis of quality control and selection of origin for Pulsatilla chinensis.

Objective:To establish the ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) fingerprints of Mume flos at different flowering stages; To provide reference for the quality research of Mume flos.Methods:The fingerprints of Mume flos were established by UPLC method, and the common peaks were identified by high performance liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Chemometrics analysis was carried out with the fingerprints' common peak area of plum blossom at different flowering stages as a variable. Semiquantitative analysis of changes in flavonoids and phenolic acids in Mume flos at different flowering stages was conduct using peak area calculation method.Results:Totally 31 common peaks were identified in the fingerprints of plum blossom medicinal materials at different flowering stages and 9 components were identified. Clustering analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) both classified plum blossom medicinal herbs at different flowering stages into three categories. Among them, there were significant differences between the groups at the bud stage, blooming period, and final flowering period, while the differences between the groups at blooming period and final flowering period were relatively small. The orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) screened 16 different components with VIP>1.0. The contents of phenolic acids in different flowering stages were as follows: bud stage>blooming period>final flowering period, while the contents of flavonoids were as follows: blooming period>final flowering period>bud stage.Conclusions:This method is simple and reliable, and can provide reference for the quality evaluation of plum blossom medicinal materials at different flowering stages.

Objective:To evaluated the safety and feasibility of dissection of lymph nodes posterior to right recurrent laryngeal nerve (ⅥB compartment) in endoscopic thyroidectomy through gasless axillary posterior approach.Methods:A total of 350 cases with right lobe papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) who underwent endoscopic lobectomy, isthmusectomy and central compartment neck dissection via gasless axillary posterior approach based at the Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University from June 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Summarize the clinical, pathological characteristics, and postoperative complications of the patients. SPSS 25.0 was used for statistical analysis of the data.Results:All 350 patients underwent endoscopic surgery successfully, with no conversion to open surgery. There were 303 females and 47 males, with an average age of (36.3±9.2) years. Of those, 287 patients were in pT1a stage, 62 in pT1b stage, and one patient in pT2 stage. There was no T3 or T4 stage patient. The mean numbers of yielded lymph nodes in right central compartment and ⅥB compartment were 8.11±4.65 (range, 1-31) and 2.62±1.86 (range, 1-12), respectively. ⅥB compartment metastasis was detected in 52 (14.86%) of 350 patients. The incidence of transient recurrent laryngeal nerve injury was 0.86%(3/350). Postoperative hematoma occurred in three patients (0.86%).Conclusion:The dissection of ⅥB compartment in endoscopic thyroidectomy through gasless axillary posterior approach is safe and feasible in selected PTC patients

Objective To establish the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography(UPLC)chromatographic fingerprint of Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix;To determine the contents of ferulic acid,nodakenin,ammijin,notopterol,isoimperatorin and volatile oil of Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix from different producing areas;To provide reference for quality evaluation of Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix.Methods Waters BEH C18 chromatographic column(2.1 mm×150 mm,1.7 μm)was used,with mobile phase acetonitrile-0.02%formic acid aqueous solution gradient elution,flow rate 0.25 mL/min,column temperature 25℃,detection wavelength 330 nm,injection volume 2 μL.UPLC fingerprints of 25 batches of Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix were established,and the similarity analysis and chemometrics analysis were carried out.The contents of ferulic acid,nodakenin,ammijin,notopterol and isoimperatorin were determined simultaneously,and the contents of volatile oil was determined by steam distillation method.Results Totally 23 common fingerprint peaks were calibrated,11 known components were identified.According to the results of the cluster analysis and principal component analysis,25 batches of Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix samples were divided into 3 categories,and the 6 potential differential components were screened out by orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA).The results showed that the contents of notopterol and volatile oil from Sichuan Province were higher than those from Gansu Province and Qinghai Province.Conclusion The method established in the study is accurate and reliable,which can provide scientific basis and reference for the quality evaluation and control of Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix.

In this study, we presented the isolation and characterization of eight novel seco-guaianolide sesquiterpenoids (1-8) and two known guaianolide derivatives (9 and 10), from the aerial part of Achillea alpina L.. Compounds 1-3 were identified as guaianolides bearing an oxygen insertion at the 2, 3 position, while compounds 4-8 belonged to a group of special 3-nor guaianolide sesquiterpenoids. The structural elucidation of 1-8, including their absolute configurations, were accomplished by a combination of spectroscopic data analysis and quantum electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. To evaluate the potential antidiabetic activity of compounds 1-10, we investigated their effects on glucose consumption in palmitic acid (PA)-mediated HepG2-insulin resistance (IR) cells. Among the tested compounds, compound 7 demonstrated the most pronounced ability to reverse IR. Moreover, a mechanistic investigation revealed that compound 7 exerted its antidiabetic effect by reducing the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β, which was achieved through the suppression of the NLRP3 pathway.
Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology* ; Circular Dichroism ; Cytokines ; Glucose ; Hep G2 Cells ; Insulin Resistance

OBJECTIVE To co mpare the difference of liposoluble constitue nts in different processed products of Huaizhong No.1 Rehmannia glutionsa （fresh R. glutionsa ，R. glutionsa and prepared R. glutionsa ），and to evaluate its in vitro antioxidant activity preliminarily. METHODS Liposoluble extracts were extracted from 3 processed products of R. glutionsa by Soxhlet extraction. Their constituents were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The spectral library of NIST 98 system was used to automatically retrieve the mass spectrum information of components ，and the structures of compounds were identified in combination with relevant literature and by comparing with eight peak index and EPA/NIH library. Relative contents of the components were calculated by using peak area normalization method with Hewlett Packard software. The antioxidant activities of liposoluble constituents in 3 processed products of R. glutionsa were investigated by 1，1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl（DPPH）free radical scavenging. RESULTS A total of 79 liposoluble components were identified from different processed products of R. glutionsa，and 48，52 and 37 liposoluble compounds were identified from fresh R. glutionsa ，R. glutionsa and prepared R. glutionsa，respectively；their relative contents accounted for 92.69％，86.29％，92.89％ of the total components respectively. Among them ，there were 20 liposoluble compounds totally ，and their relative contents accounted for 88.73％，80.89％ and 85.87％ of liposoluble components in each processed product respectively ；they were mainly composed of fatty acids such as methyl linoleate，methyl palmitate and methyl oleate. In addition ，there were 18 unique liposoluble components in fresh R. glutionsa ， mostly terpenoids ；there were 17 and 6 unique liposoluble components in R. glutionsa and prepared R. glutionsa ，mostly alkanes. The results of antioxidant experiment showed that median scavenging concentrations of liposoluble components to DPPH limeng free radical were 0.756，0.660，0.758 mg/mL，respectively. CONCLUSIONS The common liposoluble components in different processed products of R. glutionsa are mostly acids；the unique liposoluble components in fresh R. glutionsa are mostly terpenoids ，and those of R. glutionsa and prepared R. glutionsa are mostly alkanes ；the liposoluble constituents possess in vitro antioxidant activities.

OBJECTIVE To establi sh the fingerprint of Cnidium monnieri and a method for the content determination of 4 kinds of coumarins. METHODS Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography （UPLC） method was adopted to establish the fingerprints of 21 batches of C. monnieri ； their similarities were evaluated with Similarity Evaluation System of TCM Chromatographic Fingerprint （2012 edition）；common peaks were identification by comparison with reference substance. Using 10 common peak areas as variables ，cluster analysis was performed for 21 batches of C. monnieri by the method of between groups. The relative correction factors of xanthotoxin ，bergapten and imperatorin were calculated by the same UPLC method with osthole as the internal reference. The contents of them were calculated by quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker （QAMS），and compared with the results of external standard method. RESULTS Totally 10 common peaks were identified in the fingerprints of 21 batches of C. monnieri ；the similarities ranged from 0.997 to 1.000. Peak 4 was identified as xanthotoxin ，peak 8 as bergapten ，peak 9 as imperatorin and peak 10 as osthole. A total of 21 batches of samples were divided into 3 categories，of which S 7 was clustered into one category ，S14 was clustered into one category ，and the other 19 batches were clustered into one category. The relative deviations of the contents of xanthotoxin ，bergapten and imperatorin determined by QAMS and external standard method were in the range of 0.88％ -1.07％ ，2.22％ -2.29％ ，0.67％ -2.93％ ，respectively. CONCLUSIONS UPLC fingerprint of C. monnieri is successfully established ，and QAMS method for content determination of 4 coumarins is also established.

Molecular nuclear medicine is a new subject that uses nuclear medicine technology to study the changes of molecular level in organisms in order to understand their functional changes. 2021 Radiological Society of North America annual meeting has more than 40 academic reports on molecular nuclear medicine. The main content includes new tracers and new imaging methods in tumors (prostate cancer, breast cancer, rectal cancer, etc.) and other diseases (Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), Alzheimer′s disease, Parkinson′s disease, etc.). This article reviews the relevant research progress.

"The Expert Group on Tumor Ablation Therapy of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, The Tumor Ablation Committee of Chinese College of Interventionalists, The Society of Tumor Ablation Therapy of Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and The Ablation Expert Committee of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology" have organized multidisciplinary experts to formulate the consensus for thermal ablation of pulmonary subsolid nodules or ground-glass nodule (GGN). The expert consensus reviews current literatures and provides clinical practices for thermal ablation of GGN. The main contents include: (1) clinical evaluation of GGN, (2) procedures, indications, contraindications, outcomes evaluation and related complications of thermal ablation for GGN and (3) future development directions.
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