In order to understand the characteristics of avian leukosis virus(ALV)infection and the polymorphisms of receptor genes Tva,Tvb and NHE1 sequences in different Qingyuan Ma chick-en breeding farms,the isolation and identification of exogenous ALV virus,receptor gene amplifi-cation and sequencing analysis were carried out in five Qingyuan Ma chicken breeding farms.The results of virus isolation and subtype identification showed that the positive rate of exogenous ALV virus isolation in farms A,B and C was less than 5％,among which there was ALV-J infection alone in farm A,mixed infection with ALV-J and ALV-K in farm B,ALV-K infection a-lone in farm C,and no exogenous ALV infection was detected in farm D and E.Polymorphism anal-ysis of recipient genes showed that there were different frequencies of Tvar3,Tvar4 and Tvbr3 re-sistance alleles in A-E farms,and the distribution frequency of Tvar3 was 0.2-0.6,the distribution frequency of Tvar4 was 0.3-0.7,and the distribution frequency of Tvbr3 was 0.1-0.7.In addition,there were Tvar5 resistance alleles in both B and D farms,with a distribution frequency of 0.2.A to-tal of 18 SNP mutations occurred in the NHE1 receptor gene sequence,and further analysis showed that positions 1 279,1 361,1 369,1 406,1 442,and 1 912 were non-synonymous mutations,which could cause changes in amino acids.The study suggested that there were differences in the exogenous ALV and its subtypes among the five Qingyuan Ma chicken breeders,and each farm should have a more targeted and unique purification strategy.The distribution of Tva and Tvb re-sistance alleles at different frequencies,along with the occurrence of 6 non-synonymous mutations in the NHE1 gene,indicate that Qingyuan Ma chicken have the potential of genetic resistance breeding.

Objective Through the investigation of Tongxuan Lifei prescription and Tongxuan Lifei prescription to reduce Ephedrae Herba on the respiratory system,central system,urinary system,circulatory system and digestive system of model rats with wind-cold superficies symptoms,to explore the effect of the ascending and floating of Ephedrae Herba on the efficacy of Tongxuan Lifei prescription and to provide theoretical basis for clinical prescription.Methods 60 SD rats were randomly divided into normal group(CON),model group(M),paracetamol group(Y,0.455 g·kg-1),Ephedrae Herba group(MH,2.340 g·kg-1),Tongxuan Lifei prescription group(TX,4.326 g·kg-1)and Tongxuan Lifei prescription to reduce Ephedrae Herba group(TX-MH,3.920 g·kg-1),10 rats in each group.Except for the CON group,the rats of the groups were modeled with fan blowing and cold stimulation.The model was successful when the rats appeared in a state of crouching or condensed,decreased spontaneous activity,hunched back,sneezing,and elevated body temperature.After successful modeling,the corresponding drugs(10 mL·kg-1)were given respectively,and the rats in the CON and M group were given the same volume of distilled water for 4 consecutive days.The basic state of the rats was observed,ammonia induced cough,phenol red excretion and levels of inflammatory factors(IgE,IL-4,IFN-γ)in BALF,lung histopathological sections and oxidative stress(MDA,SOD and GSH-Px)levels were determined to investigate the effects of TX and TX-MH on the respiratory system.The effects of TX and TX-MH on the central system were investigated by the open field experiment,the sleep time of rats and the levels of inflammatory factors(IgE,IFN-γ,IL-4)in serum.The effects of TX and TX-MH on digestive system were investigated by gastrointestinal motility and levels of motilin(MTL),somatostatin(SST)and gastrin(GT)in plasma.The effects of TX and TX-MH on the urinary system were investigated by the levels of toe sweat secretion,urine volume,serum creatinine(CRE)and blood urea nitrogen(BUN).The effects on the circulatory system were investigated by the rat cardiac function and the levels of serum NO.Results TX could increase the body weight and decrease the body temperature of rats with wind-cold superficies symptoms;TX could stimulate the central system,improve the respiratory system,enhance the urinary-sweat system,and has no obvious effect on the circulatory system and digestive system.The effects of TX-MH on the respiratory system and the central system is obviously weakened,and the circulatory system and the digestive system are basically not affected.In general,the effect of TX is better than that of TX-MH,which indicates that the removal of Ephedrae Herba,the ascending and floating medicine,weakens the effect of TX on"promoting cold"and"xuanfei relieving cough".Conclusion The Ephedrae Herba's ascending and floating medicinal properties play an important role in the efficacy of Tongxuan Lifei prescription's"promoting cold"and"xuanfei relieving cough".

Objective: To investigate the delay in identification, healthcare-seeking, and definitive diagnosis of tuberculosis among students in Urumqi City from 2010 to 2019, and to identify the influencing factors, so as to provide insights into tuberculosis control among students. Methods: The demographic and diagnosis data of tuberculosis patients in Urumqi City from 2010 to 2019 were captured from the Tuberculosis Information Management System of Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System. The delay in identification, healthcare-seeking and definitive diagnosis of tuberculosis was analyzed among students, and the factors affecting the delay in identification, healthcare-seeking and definitive diagnosis of tuberculosis were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 996 tuberculosis cases were identified among students in Urumqi City from 2010 to 2019. There were 702 students with delay in identification of tuberculosis (70.48%), 500 students with delay in healthcare-seeking (55.22%) and 534 students with delay in definitive diagnosis (53.61%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified active identification (OR=0.116, 95%CI: 0.032-0.420) as a factor affecting delay in identification of tuberculosis, women (OR=1.424, 95%CI: 1.104-1.836), non-local household registration (OR=1.311, 95%CI: 1.016-1.694) and active identification (OR=0.232, 95%CI: 0.064-0.848) as factors affecting delay in healthcare-seeking, and active identification (OR=0.143, 95%CI: 0.032-0.644) as a factor affecting delay in definitive diagnosis of tuberculosis among students. Conclusions There is a high proportion of delay in identification, healthcare-seeking and definitive diagnosis of tuberculosis among students in Urumqi City from 2010 to 2019, and female and non-locally household-registered students were at a high risk of delay in healthcare-seeking for tuberculosis. Active detection and screening of tuberculosis should be reinforced.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a leading cause of the life-threatening cardiovascular disease (CVD), creating an urgent need for efficient, biocompatible therapeutics for diagnosis and treatment. Biomimetic nanomedicines (bNMs) are moving closer to fulfilling this need, pushing back the frontier of nano-based drug delivery systems design. This review seeks to outline how these nanomedicines (NMs) might work to diagnose and treat atherosclerosis, to trace the trajectory of their development to date and in the coming years, and to provide a foundation for further discussion about atherosclerotic theranostics.

Objective:To analyze the application and funding status of various projects of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) from 2013 to 2022, and explore the challenges faced by basic research and clinical transformation in this field.Methods:From 2013 to 2022, application and funding information of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging projects (secondary code H2704, H2706) from five departments of Medical Science Department of NSFC were retrospectively collected. The number of applications, number of funding, funding direction, funding intensity, distribution of supporting units and research hotspots of various projects in this field were analyzed.Results:From 2013 to 2022, the total number of applications of various projects in the field of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging reached 5 387, and the total number of grants reached 899. The number of applications and grants showed a steady growth trend. The overall funding intensity increased from 48.935 0 million yuan in 2013 to 59.495 4 million yuan in 2022, with the increase of 21.58%. Among all supporting units, Shanghai Jiao Tong University topped the list for both the number of applications (440) and the number of grants (82), Xiamen University ranked the first in terms of overall funding rate (25.42%, 30/118), and Peking University ranked the first in terms of total funding intensity (41.897 1 million yuan). Research hotspots focused on the construction of tumor targeted molecular probes and precise imaging of tumor internal molecular components.Conclusion:In the past decade, the number of related projects and total funding of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging supported by NSFC have steadily increased, and the types of funded projects are diverse and interdisciplinary, promoting the innovative development of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging disciplines in China.

This study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanisms of Ephedra Herb (EH) extract on adriamycin-induced nephrotic syndrome (NS), providing an experimental basis for the clinical treatment of NS. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, creatinine, urea nitrogen, and kidn injury molecule-1 were used to evaluate the activities of EH extract on renal function. The levels of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress were detected by kits. The levels of reactive oxygen species, immune cells, and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry. A network pharmacological approach was used to predict the potential targets and mechanisms of EH extract in the treatment of NS. The protein levels of apoptosis-related proteins and CAMKK2, p-CAMKK2, AMPK, p-AMPK, mTOR and p-mTOR in the kidneys were detected by Western blot. The effective material basis of EH extract was screened by MTT assay. The AMPK pathway inhibitor (compound C, CC) was added to investigate the effect of the potent material basis on adriamycin-induced cell injury. EH extract significantly improved renal injury and relieve inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in rats. Network pharmacology and Western blot results showed that the effect of EH extract on NS may be associated with the CAMKK2/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Moreover, methylephedrine significantly ameliorated adriamycin-induced NRK-52e cell injury. Methylephedrine also significantly improved the phosphorylation of AMPK and mTOR, which were blocked by CC. In sum, EH extract may ameliorate renal injury via the CAMKK2/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Moreover, methylephedrine may be one of the material bases of EH extract.
Rats ; Animals ; Doxorubicin/adverse effects* ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism* ; Signal Transduction ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism* ; Apoptosis

Objective:To explore any effect of on the limb and cardiopulmonary functioning of stroke survivors of combining new Bobath technique with cardiopulmonary rehabilitation.Methods:A total of 160 stroke survivors with limb disorders were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, each of 80. Both groups were given routine rehabilitation and the new version of Bobath training, but the observation group was additionally provided with 12 weeks of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation. Before and after the treatment the limb functioning of both groups was evaluated along with their ability in the activities of daily living and the recovery of damaged nerve function, using the simplified Fugl-Meyer (FMA) motor function scoring, the modified Barthel index (MBI) and the Chinese stroke scale (CSS). Peak oxygen uptake (VO 2peak), peak metabolic equivalent (METpeak), peak heart rate (HRpeak) and anaerobic thresholds (ATs) were documented. Results:After the treatment the average FMA, MBI and CSS scores and cardiopulmonary indexes had improved significantly in both groups. All were then significantly better in the observation group than in the control group.Conclusions:Combining the new Bobath technique with cardiopulmonary rehabilitation can significantly improve the limb and cardiopulmonary functioning of stroke survivors, as well as their skill in the activities of daily living and the recovery of the damaged nerve functionality. This combination is therefore worthy of clinical promotion and application.

Objective: To analyze the association between recombinant solute carrier family 11, member 1 ( SLC11A1 ) rs17235409 polymorphism and treatment failure of pulmonary tuberculosis, so as to provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods: The patients with pulmonary tuberculosis registered for treatment at the Urumqi Center for Disease Control and Prevention in 2019 was recruited and collected demographic, clinical and treatment information from National Infectious Diseases Reporting System. The polymorphism of SLC11A1 rs17235409 was detected by multiple ligase chain reaction and Hardy-Weinberg balance test was performed. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted for the association between rs17235409 and the treatment outcome of tuberculosis. Results: A total of 731 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis patients were enrolled, and 37 cases failed, with a failure rate of 5.06%. The failure rate of the patients with G/A was 8.55%, with G/G was 4.23%. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the patients with G/A were more likely to fail in the treatment than those with G/G ( OR=2.213, 95%CI: 1.041-4.702 ). The males with G/A were more likely to fail in the treatment than those with G/G ( OR=2.547, 95%CI: 1.021-6.356 ). Conclusion The rs17235409 polymorphism of SLC11A1 is associated with the failure of tuberculosis treatment, and the patients with G/A are more likely to fail.

This article was aimed to study the chemical constituents of Dioscorea opposita Thunb.The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by Diaion HP-20,Toyopearl HW-40,Sephadex LH-20,MCI Gel CHP-20,silica gel column chromatography and preparative HPLC,TLC,purification and isolation from Dioscorea opposita Thunb.The structures of isolated compounds were identified by thc physicochemical properties and spectral analysis.The result showed that 14 compounds were isolated from Dioscorea opposita Thunb.The chemical structures were elucidated as L-Tryptophane (1),Seguinosides F (2),1-methoxycarbonyl-β-carboline (3),Helichrysin A (4),Bungein A (5),Hydroquinone (6),Zarzissine (7),Cyclo-(Pro-Thr) (8),4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl alcohol (9),pyridine-3-carboxamide (10),Arbutin (11),Methyl syringate 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (12),L-Phenylalanine (13),1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid,1,2-bis[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy) ethyl] ester (14).It was concluded that chemical compounds 1-14 were isolated for the first time from Dioscorea opposita Thunb.

This article was aimed to study the chemical constituents from the chemical split fractions of Mori Cortex. The compounds were isolated with Diaion HP-20, Toyopearl HW-40, Sephadex LH-20, MCI Gel CHP-20, Silica gel column chromatography and preparative HPLC. Structures of compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral analysis. The results showed that 23 compounds were obtained. And their structures were identified. The 16 compounds were obtained from the 30% ethanol fraction as vanillic acid (1), 3,4-dimethoxyphenol (2), benzoic acid (3), syringic acid (4), kelampayoside A (5), p-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid (6), caffeic acid (7), hydroferulic acid (8), 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin (9), 5,7-dihydroxycoumarin (10), morin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (11), liriodendrin (12), 2,3-trans-dihydromorin (13), 2,3-cis-dihydromorin (14), 2,3-trans-dihydroquercetin (15), 2,3-cis-dihydroquercetin (16). The 4 compounds were obtained from the 50% ethanol fraction as scopoletin (17), morin (18), kaempferol-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (19), umbelliferone (20). The 3 compounds were obtained from the 80% ethanol fraction as sanggenon R (21), cis-mulberroside A (22), resveratrol (23). It was concluded that compounds 2, 4-6, 11, 16, 19 were isolated from this plant for the first time.