[Objective] To investigate the molecular prevalence and genotype of human parvovirus B19(B19) among blood donors in Lanzhou, and provide data support for monitoring the positive rate of B19 DNA in local blood donors. [Methods] A total of 7 644 blood donor samples collected from January to September 2022 were randomly screened using real-time fluorescent PCR, resulting in 23 samples testing positive for B19 DNA. The characteristics of the B19 DNA reactive donors including gender, age, blood donation recruitment and promotion mode, and donation frequency were analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Additionally, the VP1 gene fragment of B19 DNA reactive samples was sequenced and an evolutionary tree was constructed by the N-J method. [Results] The results showed that the positive rate of B19 DNA in Lanzhou was 0.30%, and the positive population mainly consisted of female individuals aged 18-30 years old who were first-time blood donors; furthermore, genotype 1a was identified as predominant. [Conclusion] The positive rate of B19 DNA is low among blood donors in Lanzhou, with genotype 1a being predominant. It is recommended to periodically monitor the B19 prevalence in blood donors and enhance prevention and control measures, thus improving blood quality and safety.

Objective To examine the serological and molecular prevalence as well as genotype characteristics of human Parvovirus B19 blood donors in Lanzhou,and to provide evidence for developing a screening strategy to reduce the risk of blood transfusion transmission.Methods A total of 5 722 blood samples collected from Lanzhou blood donors from April 2023 to October 2023 were tested for B19 DNA using real-time quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR).Additionally,383 samples were screened for anti-B19 IgG and anti-B19 IgM using synchronous enzyme-linked immunoassay(ELISA).Viral load and VP1 sequencing were conducted on the B19 DNA-positive samples and the Neighbor-Joining(N-J)method was used to construct an evolutionary tree for the sequenced samples.Results The prevalence of human Parvovirus B19 DNA,IgG antibody and IgM antibody was 0.47%(27/5 722),25.59%(98/383)and 0.26%(1/383),respectively,and the samples positive for B19 DNA,IgG antibody and IgM antibody were 0.26%(1/383).The co-positivity rate for B19 DNA and IgG antibody was 6.27%(24/383),while the positivity rates for B19 DNA or IgG antibody alone were 0.52%(2/383)and 19.06%(73/383),respectively.Viral loads ranged from 4.24 IU/ml to 5.67×102 IU/ml,all below 104 IU/ml.There was no statistical significance in the positive rate of B19 DNA in gender(χ2=0.86,P=0.35),but there was statistical significance in the positive rate of B19 DNA among all age groups(χ2=8.00,P=0.02).The highest positive rate of B19 DNA was 0.65%in the 18～30 age group.There was statistical significance in the positive rate of B19 IgG antibody in gender(χ2=5.03,P=0.02),but there was no statistical significance in the positive rate of B19 IgG antibody among all age groups(χ2=0.51,P=0.77).The highest positive rate of B19 IgG antibody was 29.09%in the age group of 41 to 60.There was no significant difference in the positive rate of B19 IgM antibody in gender(χ2=2.84,P=0.09).The highest positive rate of B19 IgM was 3.85%in the age group of 18～30 years old.Based on the VP1 sequence,the phylogenetic tree revealed that B19 strains in Lanzhou formed a distinct cladistic lineage within genotype 1,predominantly represented by genotype 1b.Conclusion The prevalence of B19 DNA and IgM antibodies among blood donors in the Lanzhou area is low,and so is the viral load.Therefore the risk of transmitting B19 through blood transfusion is relatively small.Since the prevalence of B19 IgG antibody is high,it is suggested to closely monitor the transmission situation in the area,regularly monitor the prevalence of B19 among blood donors,and track the situation of B19 DNA-positive blood donors to recipients to ensure the safety of clinical blood transfusion.

Objective To examine the serological and molecular prevalence as well as genotype characteristics of human Parvovirus B19 blood donors in Lanzhou,and to provide evidence for developing a screening strategy to reduce the risk of blood transfusion transmission.Methods A total of 5 722 blood samples collected from Lanzhou blood donors from April 2023 to October 2023 were tested for B19 DNA using real-time quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR).Additionally,383 samples were screened for anti-B19 IgG and anti-B19 IgM using synchronous enzyme-linked immunoassay(ELISA).Viral load and VP1 sequencing were conducted on the B19 DNA-positive samples and the Neighbor-Joining(N-J)method was used to construct an evolutionary tree for the sequenced samples.Results The prevalence of human Parvovirus B19 DNA,IgG antibody and IgM antibody was 0.47%(27/5 722),25.59%(98/383)and 0.26%(1/383),respectively,and the samples positive for B19 DNA,IgG antibody and IgM antibody were 0.26%(1/383).The co-positivity rate for B19 DNA and IgG antibody was 6.27%(24/383),while the positivity rates for B19 DNA or IgG antibody alone were 0.52%(2/383)and 19.06%(73/383),respectively.Viral loads ranged from 4.24 IU/ml to 5.67×102 IU/ml,all below 104 IU/ml.There was no statistical significance in the positive rate of B19 DNA in gender(χ2=0.86,P=0.35),but there was statistical significance in the positive rate of B19 DNA among all age groups(χ2=8.00,P=0.02).The highest positive rate of B19 DNA was 0.65%in the 18～30 age group.There was statistical significance in the positive rate of B19 IgG antibody in gender(χ2=5.03,P=0.02),but there was no statistical significance in the positive rate of B19 IgG antibody among all age groups(χ2=0.51,P=0.77).The highest positive rate of B19 IgG antibody was 29.09%in the age group of 41 to 60.There was no significant difference in the positive rate of B19 IgM antibody in gender(χ2=2.84,P=0.09).The highest positive rate of B19 IgM was 3.85%in the age group of 18～30 years old.Based on the VP1 sequence,the phylogenetic tree revealed that B19 strains in Lanzhou formed a distinct cladistic lineage within genotype 1,predominantly represented by genotype 1b.Conclusion The prevalence of B19 DNA and IgM antibodies among blood donors in the Lanzhou area is low,and so is the viral load.Therefore the risk of transmitting B19 through blood transfusion is relatively small.Since the prevalence of B19 IgG antibody is high,it is suggested to closely monitor the transmission situation in the area,regularly monitor the prevalence of B19 among blood donors,and track the situation of B19 DNA-positive blood donors to recipients to ensure the safety of clinical blood transfusion.

Objective To investigate the effect of Danshen Baoxin Cha (DBC) on a rat model of coronary heart disease combined with cognitive impairment. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly assigned to two groups:normal group and model group. Streptozotocin was injected into the bilateral ventricles of rats in the model group to establish cognitive impairment model,then isoproterenol hydrochloride was injected subcutaneously to model myocardial ischemia. Behavioral experiments were conducted to verify the success of the model of cognitive dysfunction. The rats of the model group were randomly divided into five groups:model control group,Tongxinluo Capsule group (TXL group,1.6 g·kg-1),and low-(4 g·kg-1),medium-(8 g·kg-1),and high-(16 g·kg-1) dose DBC groups. These groups were received the respective treatments continuously for two weeks. Subsequently,the Y-maze,novel object recognition and Morris water maze experiment were employed to assess the learning and memory abilities of rats. A kit was utilized to quantify the level of oxidative stress in the brain and the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content in the brain and mitochondria. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Nissl staining were employed to observe the pathological changes of neurons in hippocampus CA1 region. Electron microscopy was utilized to observe the pathological changes of mitochondria in hippocampal CA1 region. The expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α(PGC-1α),glucose transporter type 4(GLUT4),and optic atrophy 1(OPA1) were quantified by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR),and the expression of proteins related to the AMPK/OPA1 signaling pathway was determined by Western Blot analysis. Results Compared with the normal group,the spontaneous alternating reaction rate,the novel object recognition index,number of crossing the original platform,and distance ratio in the model group were obviously decreased (P<0.01). Neuronal density in the CA1 region of the hippocampus was decreased,Nissl bodies were decreased,and nucleus consolidation was increased. The ATP level in mitochondria,and the levels of ATP,SOD,and GSH-PX in brain were significantly decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01),as well as the content of ROS and MDA were significantly increased (P<0.05,P<0.01). The mitochondria of hippocampus in CA1 region were swollen,with sparse and vacuolated cristae. The mRNA expression levels of GLUT4,PGC-1α,and OPA1 were significantly decreased (P<0.01). The protein expression levels of GLUT4,SIRT1,PGC-1α and OPA1,and p-AMPK/AMPK ratio were significantly decreased (P<0.05,P<0.01). Compared with the model group,the behavioral indexes of rats in the DBC groups were significantly improved (P<0.05,P<0.01),the number of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 area,Nissl bodies and nucleus consolidation were improved. The ATP level in mitochondria and the levels of ATP,SOD,and GSH-PX in brain were significantly increased (P<0.05,P<0.01). The levels of ROS and MDA were significantly decreased (P<0.05,P<0.01). The structure of mitochondrial cristae in hippocampal CA1 region were relatively intact. The mRNA expression levels of GLUT4,PGC-1α and OPA1 were increased (P<0.05,P<0.01),and the expression of proteins related to the AMPK/OPA1 signaling pathway was significantly increased(P<0.05,P<0.01). Conclusion DBC can enhance learning and memory abilities,reduce neuronal damage in a rat model of coronary heart disease combined with cognitive impairment. The mechanism may be related to the reduction of oxidative stress damage in the brain,the activation of the AMPK/OPA1 signaling pathway,and the restoration of energy levels.

Objective To explore the mechanism of action of Danshen Baoxin Cha(DBC) on depressed mice with coronary heart disease (CHD) based on network pharmacology and NLRP3 inflammatory pathway. Methods (1) TCMSP and BATMAN-TICAM databases were used to screen the DBC active ingredients and targets. The targets of CHD with depression were screened using the OMIM and Genecards databases. The targets of DBC active ingredients and related targets of CHD with depression were imported into Venny 2.1 online platform to obtain the intersection targets,which was the potential target of DBC in the treatment of CHD with depression. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis was performed on the intersection targets using the STRING platform to screen the key targets. A "drug-active ingredients-disease-targets" network was created to select the main active ingredients and core targets of DBC for the treatment of CHD with depression. Thereafter,the primary targets were examined by GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment using the Metascape database.(2)Kunming mice were split into six groups of eight mice each at random:the control group,the model group,the positive control group (metoprolol tartrate 5.14 mg·kg-1+sertraline hydrochloride 10.3 mg·kg-1),and the DBC high-,middle-,and low-dose groups (30.8,15.4 and 7.7 g·kg-1·d-1). Chronic unpredictable mild stimulation (CUMS)and subcutaneous injection of isoprenaline hydrochloride (ISO) were used to induce a mice model of CHD with depression. Mice were treated orally with the corresponding drug once a day for 18 consecutive days. Behavioral experiments involving forced swimming test,tail suspension test,and open-field test were applied to detect depression levels of mice. Histopathological alterations in hippocampus tissues were noted using HE and Nissl staining. qPCR was used to determine the mRNA expression levels of IL-6,TNF-α,NLRP3,IL-1β,IL-10,and Caspase-1 in hippocampus tissues. Results(1) Sixty-five active components in Salvia and seven active components in green tea were screened out. A total of 1042 potential targets and 2116 CHD complicated with depression-related targets were obtained. The intersection of the targets of active components and disease-related targets was performed by Venny 2.1.0 platform to obtain 299 potential targets (common targets) of DBC in the treatment of CHD with depression. The core targets including IL-1β,AKT1,TNF-α,IL-6,VEGFA,CASP3 and IL-10 were screened through PPI network analysis of potential targets. Key active ingredients including vitamin B,luteolin,salvianolic acid,tanshinone ⅡA and catechin,as well as key targets,such as PTGS2、IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α and IL-10,were obtained by network analysis of "drugs-active ingredients-disease-targets". The potential targets were correlated with biological processes such as inflammation response,regulation of tumour necrosis factor (TNF),glucocorticoid regulation,regulation of nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB) transcription factor,as well as major pathways including PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,TNF signaling pathway,apoptosis signaling pathway,and NF-κB signaling pathway.(2) Compared with the control group,mice in the model group showed a significant decrease in the total and center distance of the open field (P<0.01) and a significant increase in the time of forced swimming and immobility time of tail suspension test (P<0.01). The mRNA expression of IL-6,TNF-α,NLRP3,IL-1β,and Caspase-1 was significantly up-regulated(P<0.01) in the hippocampus tissues,but IL-10 mRNA expression was down-regulated (P<0.05). Compared with the model group,the total and center distance in DBC high-,middle-,and low-dose groups were significantly up-regulated(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the time of forced swimming and immobility time of tail suspension test were significantly down-regulated (P<0.01). The mRNA expression of IL-6,TNF-α,NLRP3,IL-1β and Caspase-1 of the DBC high-,middle-,and low-dose groups were significantly down-regulated(P<0.01),IL-10 mRNA expression in mice hippocampus tissue of DBC high-and middle-dose groups was up-regulated (P<0.01). Conclusion The intervention effect of DBC on depressed mice with CHD may be achieved by active ingredients including luteolin,tanshinone,salvianolic acid and catechin acting on the key targets,such as IL-6,TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-10,to regulate the NLRP3 inflammatory signaling pathway.

Objective:To explore the curative efficacy of Dingke Decoction in the treatment of post infectious cough based on the the real-world clinical data.Methods:Retrospective cohort study was conducted. 245 patients with cough after infection in the hospital of Jingan Chinese Medical Hospital from July 2021 to July 2022 were set as study objects. The fact that whether the patients with Dingke Decoction or not were divided into control group (90 cases, without Dingke Decoction) and treatment group (155 cases, with Dingke Decoction). By using propensity nearest neighbor 1:1 matching to balance the confounding factors before treatment, 56 cases were successfully matched in both groups. The control group was treated symptomatically according to the actual clinical situation, while the treatment group was treated with modified Dingke Decoction on the basis of symptomatic treatment in the control group. The treatment for both groups lasted for 2 weeks. TCM symptom scores and cough severity score were evaluated using the Leicester Cough Quality of Life Questionnaire (LCQ) before and after treatment. Levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected through ELISA; adverse reactions during the treatment were recorded, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated.Results:The total effective rate of the treatment group was 91.07% (51/56), while that of the control group was 76.79% (43/56), with a statistically significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=4.24, P=0.040). The daytime cough symptom score (1.03 ± 0.67 vs. 1.20 ± 0.66, t=7.40) and nighttime cough symptom score (0.74 ± 0.62 vs. 1.26 ± 0.54, t=6.27) in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group after treatment ( P<0.001). After treatment, the LCQ physiological (5.30 ± 0.79 vs. 4.78 ± 1.09, t=-2.44), psychological (5.33 ± 0.92 vs. 4.70 ± 1.12, t=-2.39), and social (5.23 ± 0.94 vs. 4.60 ± 0.81, t=-2.86) scores in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05). After treatment, he treatment group serum IL-6 [(14.29 ± 3.94) ng/L vs. (19.99 ± 5.17) ng/L, t=4.80] and TNF-α [(36.23 ± 7.83) ng/L vs. (42.44 ± 7.63) ng/L, t=3.11] were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). The incidence of adverse reactions in the control group was 8.92% (5/56) and 5.36% (3/56), respectively, without statistical significance ( χ2=0.54, P=0.716). Conclusion:Based on the real-world research method, medicine Dingke Decoction can improve the clinical efficacy and the quality life of post infectious cough patients, and the mechanism may be related to reducing airway inflammation response.

Bronchiectasis has the characteristics of long course,gradual aggravation,easy recurrence and difficult to treat.The characteristics are similar to those arouse by incubative pathogenic factors.Based on the theory of incubative pathogenic factors,this disease is often related to the incubative pathogenic factors in the body's areas with deficient healthy qi,which occur at regular times.The etiology can be external,congenital,or internal.Treatment should focus on different characteristics of incubative pathogenic factors.Attention should be paid to clearing and dispersing in external pathogenic factors,while attention should be paid to supporting and promoting healthy qi in congenital pathogenic factors,and do not forget to remove internal pathogenic factors.

Objective:To analyze the genus, drug resistance/virulence and phylogenetic characteristics of Brucella strains isolated from brucellosis surveillance sentinels in Henan Province from 2013 to 2022, and provide baseline data for the surveillance, early warning and outbreak tracing of brucellosis. Methods:Blood samples were collected from patients with Brucella infection for strain isolation, culture and species identification, drug susceptibility test, whole genome sequencing, splicing and assembly, functional/virulence/resistance gene prediction analysis and phylogenetic tree drawing based on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). Results:In 36 brucellosis patients, the majority were men (86.11%, 31/36), young adults aged 18-50 (88.89%, 32/36) and farmers/herdsmen (72.22%, 26/36). A total of 36 strains of Brucella melitensis were isolated, and average 1 305 functional proteins of 21 categories were predicted by strain genome; all the strains carried four main virulence factors (pmm, VirB group, BtpA/BtpB, BvrS/BvrR). The drug sensitivity rate was 100.00% to six types of antibiotics including levofloxacin, rifampicin, doxycycline, streptomycin, tetracycline and gentamicin, they showed different resistances to three antibiotics including compound trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin and ampicillin. The strains carried four types of resistance genes and two clusters of resistance genes, with four combinations of genotypes, the resistance mechanisms included antibiotic degradation/modification enzymes, resistant nodular cell differentiation (RND) efflux pumps, 16S/23S ribosomal rRNA binding site mutations, etc. The number of SNP differed in the genomes of 36 Brucellamelitensis strains ranged from 0 to 454 and phylogenetic tree was divided into three major branches, with relative branch distances between 0.000 0 and 0.498 6 for each strain. Conclusions:Human Brucellamelitensis strains isolated from surveillance sentinels in Henan from 2013 to 2022 carried multiple virulence and antibiotic resistance genes and had different drug resistance phenotypes. Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis and phylogenetic tree analysis showed significant differences in phylogenetic relationships among different strains.

This paper was aimed to investigate the changes of pulses under different emotional states.Based on the emotional pulse theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM),with college students as the research object,through films to stimulate different emotional expressions (i.e.,calm,sad and happy) of college students,the pulse recordings of college students were acquired in this study.The time domain parameters of pulses of college students under three types of emotional states were extracted.The difference among three groups of time-domain parameters was calculated by nonparametric test.Based on the time-domain parameters,the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier was used to classify three types of emotional states.The results showed that there were significant differences in three groups of time domain parameters (h3/h1,t and As/(As+Ad)).And the average recognition rate of three types of emotion states was 74.25％ based on the time-domain parameters of the pulse recordings.It was concluded that the pulse parameters can provide objective reference for emotional changes.It can be used to identify emotional states.

Gluconobacter oxydans converts glucose to gluconic acid and subsequently to 5-keto-D-gluconic acid (5-KGA), a precursor of industrially important L(+)-tartaric acid. To increase the yield of 5-KGA, fermentation conditions of 5-KGA production was optimized. Under the optimum medium and culture conditions in the shake flask, the highest 5-KGA production reached 19.7 g/L, increased by 43.8% after optimization. In a 5-L bioreactor, the pH was controlled at 5.5 and dissolved oxygen (DO) at 15%, 5-KGA production reached 46.0 g/L, raised at least 1.3 times than in the shake flask. Glucose feeding fermentation process was further developed, and the highest 5-KGA production of 75.5 g/L with 70% of yield was obtained, 32.0% higher than the highest reported value. Therefore, this newly developed fermentation process provided a practical and effective alternative for the commercial production of 5-KGA, and further of L(+)-tartaric acid.
Bioreactors ; Fermentation ; Gluconates ; metabolism ; Gluconobacter oxydans ; metabolism ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Industrial Microbiology ; Tartrates ; metabolism