Jiegengtang is a basic formula for treating sore throat and cough. By means of bibliometrics， this study conducted a textual research and analysis on the key information such as formula origin， decocting methods， and clinical application of Jiegengtang. After the research， it can be seen that Jiegengtang is firstly contained in Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Disease， which is also known as Ganjietang， and it has been inherited and innovated by medical practitioners of various dynasties in later times. The origins of Chinese medicines in this formula is basically clear， Jiegeng is the dried roots of Platycodon grandiflorum， Gancao is the dried roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis， the two medicines are selected raw products. The dosage is 27.60 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and 13.80 g of Platycodonis Radix， decocted with 600 mL of water to 200 mL， taken warmly after meals， twice a day， 100 mL for each time. In ancient times， Jiegengtang was mainly used for treating Shaoyin-heat invasion syndrome， with cough and sore throat as its core symptoms. In modern clinical practice， Jiegengtang is mainly used for respiratory diseases such as pharyngitis， esophagitis， tonsillitis and lung abscess， especially for pharyngitis and lung abscess with remarkable efficacy. This paper can provide literature reference basis for the modern clinical application and new drug development of Jiegengtang.

Jiegengtang is a basic formula for treating sore throat and cough. By means of bibliometrics， this study conducted a textual research and analysis on the key information such as formula origin， decocting methods， and clinical application of Jiegengtang. After the research， it can be seen that Jiegengtang is firstly contained in Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Disease， which is also known as Ganjietang， and it has been inherited and innovated by medical practitioners of various dynasties in later times. The origins of Chinese medicines in this formula is basically clear， Jiegeng is the dried roots of Platycodon grandiflorum， Gancao is the dried roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis， the two medicines are selected raw products. The dosage is 27.60 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and 13.80 g of Platycodonis Radix， decocted with 600 mL of water to 200 mL， taken warmly after meals， twice a day， 100 mL for each time. In ancient times， Jiegengtang was mainly used for treating Shaoyin-heat invasion syndrome， with cough and sore throat as its core symptoms. In modern clinical practice， Jiegengtang is mainly used for respiratory diseases such as pharyngitis， esophagitis， tonsillitis and lung abscess， especially for pharyngitis and lung abscess with remarkable efficacy. This paper can provide literature reference basis for the modern clinical application and new drug development of Jiegengtang.

Objective To explore the clinical effectiveness of a locally trained and re-optimized RapidPlan model in lung stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). Methods A total of 132 lung SBRT cases were retrospectively collected as a training group for the establishment of an initial RapidPlan model (RP-1) in the Eclipse 15.5 treatment planning system. RP-1 was then used to optimize the training group plans to generate the first-generation RapidPlans, which were used as a new training group to generate the upgraded RapidPlan model (RP-Plus). Additional 40 lung SBRT cases were selected to verify the quality and efficiency of RP-Plus plans, which were further assessed through clinical quality assurance (QA). Results The RP-Plus reduced the average number of optimization cycles by 2.1 times and 0.3 times compared to manual and RP-1 methods, respectively, and reduced the optimization time by 57.6% and 18.8%. The conformity index met clinical requirements, and the gradient index and Max_2cm(%) were improved compared to RP-1 (both P < 0.05). The RP-Plus plans showed lower dosimetric parameters of organs at risk, including lung V_20Gy, spinal cord D_max, and heart \begin{document}$D_{0.1{\mathrm{cm}}^3} $\end{document} The clinical QA pass rate of the RP-Plus plans was 100%. Conclusion The locally trained and re-optimized lung SBRT RapidPlan model can further improve plan quality and efficiency, and meet clinical QA requirements, showing feasibility for clinical application.

In the YY 0989.3-2023 standard, clause 27.106 specifies the protection test against electromagnetic interference, but it only briefly describes the test level for electromagnetic exposure, and does not detail the parameters of the torso. This study aims to explore the internal field distribution for different torso parameters under electromagnetic exposure, and explore the patterns of field distribution through modeling and simulation. The results indicate that the parameters of the torso significantly affect the internal field distribution. The findings of this study provide a basis and reference for the electromagnetic compatibility test for implantable neurostimulator products.
Electromagnetic Fields ; Implantable Neurostimulators ; Computer Simulation

Objective　To understand the trends of serum lipid concentration and the prevalence of dyslipidemia in adults aged 35 years and older, and to compare the regional differences in lipids. Methods　Based on the data of Anhui Province in the Early Screening and Comprehensive Intervention Project for High-risk Groups of Cardiovascular Disease in China from 2017 to 2021, the change trend of blood lipid level and the prevalence rate of each region were plotted according to the year and different regions in the province, and the influencing factors of dyslipidemia were analyzed by multivariate regression model. Results　The overall average levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) demonstrated an increase followed by a slight decrease with age annually, while the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides (TG) fluctuated minimally. From 2017 to 2020, TC levels improved annually but increased again in 2021. Similar to TG and non-HDL-C, the average LDL-C level decreased annually from 2017 to 2019, while rebounded in 2020 and 2021 compared with the previous three years. In contrast, the HDL-C level continued to decline. With the exception of HDL-C, the overall blood lipid levels in the northern Anhui (n=31 716) were higher than those in the southern Anhui (n=50 681), and the lowest levels were found in the central Anhui (n=38 246). The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (7.400%, 2 347/31 716), high LDL-C (5.228%, 1 658/31 716), low HDL-C (9.935%, 3 151/31 716), hypertriglyceridemia (18.212%, 5 776/31 716), and high non-HDL-C (5.789%, 1 836/31 716) were highest in the northern Anhui. Age, region, senior high school or above, smoking, drinking, systolic blood pressure, blood glucose, and body mass index were independent factors for dyslipidemia (P<0.05). Conclusion　The blood lipid level and prevalence of dyslipidemia in adults aged ≥35 years in Anhui Province have not yet reached an ideal control level, especially in the northern part of Anhui Province where there is a need for enhanced awareness and timely intervention measures for lipid-related diseases to effectively extend the life expectancy of residents.

Objective To explore the targets and pathways of Cynanchum wilfordii for treatment of ulcerative colitis(UC).Methods UPLC-QE-MS was used to identify the components of Cynanchum wilfordii ethanol extract,and their targets were screened using public databases for construction of the core protein-protein interaction(PPI)network and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses.Forty male C57 mice were randomized into normal control group,model group,mesalazine group and Cynanchum wilfordii group(n=10),and in the latter 3 groups,mouse UC models were established by treatment with 2.5%DSS and the latter 2 groups drug interventions by gavage.The therapeutic effect was evaluated by recording body weight changes and DAI score.Pathological changes of the colon tissue were observed with HE and AB-PAS staining,and JAK2 and STAT3 protein expressions were detected with Western blotting.The metabolites and metabolic pathways were identified by metabonomics analysis.Results We identified 240 chemical components in Cynanchum wilfordii alcoholic extracts,including 19 steroids.A total of 177 Cynanchum wilfordii targets,5406 UC genes,and 117 intersection genes were obtained.JAK2 and STAT3 were the core targets and significantly enriched in lipid and atherosclerosis pathways.Cynanchum wilfordii treatment significantly increased the body weight and decreased DAI score of UC mice(P<0.05),alleviated intestinal pathologies,and decreased JAK2 and STAT3 protein expressions in the colon tissues.Most of the 83 intersecting differential metabolites between the control,model and Cynanchum wilfordii groups were identified as glycerophospholipids,arachidonic acid,and amino acids involving glycerophospholipid metabolism and other pathways.Correlation analysis suggested that the core targets of Cynanchum wilfordii for UC participated in regulation of the metabolites.Conclusion Cynanchum wilfordii alleviates lipid and amino acid metabolism disorders to lessen UC in mice by regulating the core targets including JAK2 and STAT3 and the levels of endogenous metabolites.

Objective To explore the targets and pathways of Cynanchum wilfordii for treatment of ulcerative colitis(UC).Methods UPLC-QE-MS was used to identify the components of Cynanchum wilfordii ethanol extract,and their targets were screened using public databases for construction of the core protein-protein interaction(PPI)network and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses.Forty male C57 mice were randomized into normal control group,model group,mesalazine group and Cynanchum wilfordii group(n=10),and in the latter 3 groups,mouse UC models were established by treatment with 2.5%DSS and the latter 2 groups drug interventions by gavage.The therapeutic effect was evaluated by recording body weight changes and DAI score.Pathological changes of the colon tissue were observed with HE and AB-PAS staining,and JAK2 and STAT3 protein expressions were detected with Western blotting.The metabolites and metabolic pathways were identified by metabonomics analysis.Results We identified 240 chemical components in Cynanchum wilfordii alcoholic extracts,including 19 steroids.A total of 177 Cynanchum wilfordii targets,5406 UC genes,and 117 intersection genes were obtained.JAK2 and STAT3 were the core targets and significantly enriched in lipid and atherosclerosis pathways.Cynanchum wilfordii treatment significantly increased the body weight and decreased DAI score of UC mice(P<0.05),alleviated intestinal pathologies,and decreased JAK2 and STAT3 protein expressions in the colon tissues.Most of the 83 intersecting differential metabolites between the control,model and Cynanchum wilfordii groups were identified as glycerophospholipids,arachidonic acid,and amino acids involving glycerophospholipid metabolism and other pathways.Correlation analysis suggested that the core targets of Cynanchum wilfordii for UC participated in regulation of the metabolites.Conclusion Cynanchum wilfordii alleviates lipid and amino acid metabolism disorders to lessen UC in mice by regulating the core targets including JAK2 and STAT3 and the levels of endogenous metabolites.

Objective:To screen the main characteristic variables affecting the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,and to construct the Bayesian network model of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease incidence risk based on the top 10 characteristic variables,and to provide the reference for predicting the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease incidence.Methods:From the UK Biobank Database,315 896 participants and related variables were included.The feature selection was performed by categorical boosting(CatBoost)algorithm,and the participants were randomly divided into training set and test set in the ratio of 7∶3.A Bayesian network model was constructed based on the max-min hill-climbing(MMHC)algorithm.Results:The prevalence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in this study was 28.8％.The top 10 variables selected by the CatBoost algorithm were age,body mass index(BMI),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),total cholesterol(TC),the triglyceride-glucose(TyG)index,family history,apolipoprotein A/B ratio,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),smoking status,and gender.The area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve(AUC)for the CatBoost training set model was 0.770,and the model accuracy was 0.764;the AUC of validation set model was 0.759 and the model accuracy was 0.763.The clinical efficacy analysis results showed that the threshold range for the training set was 0.06-0.85 and the threshold range for the validation set was 0.09-0.81.The Bayesian network model analysis results indicated that age,gender,smoking status,family history,BMI,and apolipoprotein A/B ratio were directly related to the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and they were the significant risk factors.TyG index,HDL-C,LDL-C,and TC indirectly affect the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases through their impact on BMI and apolipoprotein A/B ratio.Conclusion:Controlling BMI,apolipoprotein A/B ratio,and smoking behavior can reduce the incidence risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.The Bayesian network model can be used to predict the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease incidence.

Thyroid carcinoma is closely related to environmental factors. Gene mutations and molecular biological changes of gland tissue caused by environmental changes are important factors inducing thyroid carcinoma. Although the molecular mechanism of thyroid carcinoma has not been fully elucidated,increasingly specific genetic changes and molecular markers for thyroid carcinoma have been discovered with the development of molecular biology techniques. This article reviews the recent progresses on the etiology,specific molecular markers,diagnosis and targeted therapies of thyroid carcinoma,so as to provide theoretical support for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of thyroid carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the effect and clinical efficacy of dapagliflozin on homocysteine(Hcy),uric acid(UA),and cystatin C(Cys C)in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)complicated by nephropathy and hypertension.Methods A total of 292 patients diag-nosed with T2DM nephropathy and hypertension admitted to our hospital between December 2022 and June 2023 were retrospectively recruited,and based on their medication regimens,they were divided into dapagliflozin group(147 cases)and control group(145 cases).After all of them were followed up for 3 months,the serum levels of Hcy,UA,cys C,urinary microalbumin/urinary creatinine ratio(UACR),estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR),and other metabolism-related indicators were measured and compared before and after treatment.Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the correlation between Hcy and UA,while logistic regression analysis was employed to identify risk factors for proteinuria among the patients with T2DM ne-phropathy and hypertension.Results After treatment,the BMI,SBP,DBP,FBG,glycosylated Hb,TC,TG,LDL-C,UA,Cys C,Hcy,insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR),and UACR were all decreased in comparison to their levels before treatment(P＜0.05).Dapagliflozin treatment resul-ted in more significant declines in BM1,FBG,LDL-C,UA,Cys C,Hcy,HOMA-IR,and UACR when compared with the control group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the relationship between Hcy and UA was positively correlated across the entire population(r=0.560,P＜0.01),as well as among males(r=0.510,P＜0.01)and females(r=0.640,P＜0.01).Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified female gender,diabetic peripheral neu-ropathy,TC,eGFR,and Hcy ≥15 μmol/L as independent risk factors for proteinuria among eld-erly patients with T2DM nephropathy and hypertension(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion Dapa-gliflozin,a novel antidiabetic agent,may offer further renal protection by lowering Hcy and UA levels in patients with T2DM nephropathy and hypertension.It can potentially decelerate the pro-gression of proteinuria and improve patient's outcomes.