Objective:To explore the predictive value of the combined application of total prostate-specific antigen (TPSA), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), and interleukin (IL) in predicting postoperative biochemical recurrence in patients with prostate cancer.Methods:This study adopted a retrospective cohort research method. 202 male prostate cancer patients who visited Xi′an Gaoxin Hospital from April 2021 to January 2024 were selected as the research subjects. The age of the patients was 68(64, 71) years, and their postoperative conditions were classified into the non-recurrence group ( n=144) and the biochemical recurrence group ( n=58). The general clinical data and serumological test indicators SA, free prostate-specific antigen (FPSA), VEGF-A, IL-6, IL-17] were detected and compared between the two groups. Quantitative data with normal distribution were expressed as mean±standard deviation, and the comparison between groups was performed using the independent sample t-test; non-normal distribution quantitative data were expressed as M( Q1, Q3), and the comparison between groups was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test. The comparison between groups of count data was performed using the chi-square test. Through Spearman correlation analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis, the risk factors for biochemical recurrence after surgery in prostate cancer patients were screened out, and the efficacy of the combined prediction model based on TPSA, VEGF-A, and IL-17 was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, decision curve (DCA), and calibration curve. Results:The average tumor diameter, proportion of positive surgical margins, proportion of seminal vesicle invasion, and proportion of patients with Gleason score 3-5 in the biochemical recurrence group were significantly higher than those in the non-recurrence group ( P<0.05). The serumological indicators TPSA, VEGF-A, IL-6, IL-17 in the biochemical recurrence group were 44.28 (42.37, 48.57) ng/mL, (28.24±3.99) ng/mL, (39.14±2.95) ng/L and (66.64±6.04) pg/mL; those in the non-recurrence group were 41.25 (36.61, 43.56) ng/mL, (23.52±3.75) ng/mL, (37.19±4.19) ng/L, and (57.31±6.63) pg/mL. The biochemical recurrence group was higher than the non-recurrence group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis and Logistic regression analysis found that TPSA, VEGF-A, and IL-17 were risk factors for biochemical recurrence after surgery in prostate cancer patients ( P<0.05); the DCA curve and calibration curve indicated that the combined prediction model based on TPSA, VEGF-A, and IL-17 had good accuracy (Hosmer-Lemeshow P=0.421), and the ROC curve suggested that the efficacy of the above indicators combined for predicting biochemical recurrence after surgery in prostate cancer patients was higher [AUC (95% CI)=0.899 (0.832-0.966)], and higher than the independent predictive efficacy of each indicator. Conclusion:Continuous monitoring of serum TPSA, VEGF-A, and IL-17 levels can effectively predict the risk of postoperative recurrence in prostate cancer patients and also provide biological markers for preventing disease recurrence.

Objective:To compare the importance of 11 common influencing factors for fall and fall-induced injury reported previously in the elderly.Methods:The data were collected from the follow-up of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) between 2011 and 2018. Binary logistic regression model and negative binomial regression model were used to test the significance of correlations between 11 factors and the incidence of fall and fall-induced injury during this period. The absolute value of the β^ was used to evaluate importance of 11 influencing factors. Results:This study included 9 279, 6 153, 4 142, 4 148, and 3 583 old persons. The cumulative incidence rates of fall in the 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th, 5 th, and 7 th years were 19.4% (95% CI: 18.6%-20.2%), 22.1% (95% CI: 21.0%-23.1%), 31.9% (95% CI: 30.4%-33.3%), 35.1% (95% CI: 33.6%-36.5%), and 43.2% (95% CI: 41.6%-44.8%), respectively. The cumulative incidence rates of fall-induced injury were 8.4% (95% CI: 7.8%-8.9%), 9.4% (95% CI: 8.7%-10.1%), 15.1% (95% CI: 14.0%-16.2%), 16.2% (95% CI: 15.1%-17.3%), and 22.0% (95% CI: 20.6%-23.3%). The results of multivariate logistic regression and negative binomial regression analyses showed that in the 11 factors, only gender, history of fall, and depressive symptoms were identified as common risk factors for fall and fall-induced injury in the elderly in all the follow up visits (all P<0.05); the history of fall had the highest absolute value of β^ in all models, while gender ranked second except for the 5-year fall-induced injury model. Conclusions:Of the 11 influencing factors for fall and fall-induced injury reported by previous literature, only gender, history of falls, and depressive symptoms were identified as common risk factors for fall and fall-induced injury in the eldely in the 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th, 5 th, and 7 th years follow-up visits. History of fall and gender were important influencing factors for fall and fall-induced injury in the elderly.

Objective　To understand the trends of serum lipid concentration and the prevalence of dyslipidemia in adults aged 35 years and older, and to compare the regional differences in lipids. Methods　Based on the data of Anhui Province in the Early Screening and Comprehensive Intervention Project for High-risk Groups of Cardiovascular Disease in China from 2017 to 2021, the change trend of blood lipid level and the prevalence rate of each region were plotted according to the year and different regions in the province, and the influencing factors of dyslipidemia were analyzed by multivariate regression model. Results　The overall average levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) demonstrated an increase followed by a slight decrease with age annually, while the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides (TG) fluctuated minimally. From 2017 to 2020, TC levels improved annually but increased again in 2021. Similar to TG and non-HDL-C, the average LDL-C level decreased annually from 2017 to 2019, while rebounded in 2020 and 2021 compared with the previous three years. In contrast, the HDL-C level continued to decline. With the exception of HDL-C, the overall blood lipid levels in the northern Anhui (n=31 716) were higher than those in the southern Anhui (n=50 681), and the lowest levels were found in the central Anhui (n=38 246). The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (7.400%, 2 347/31 716), high LDL-C (5.228%, 1 658/31 716), low HDL-C (9.935%, 3 151/31 716), hypertriglyceridemia (18.212%, 5 776/31 716), and high non-HDL-C (5.789%, 1 836/31 716) were highest in the northern Anhui. Age, region, senior high school or above, smoking, drinking, systolic blood pressure, blood glucose, and body mass index were independent factors for dyslipidemia (P<0.05). Conclusion　The blood lipid level and prevalence of dyslipidemia in adults aged ≥35 years in Anhui Province have not yet reached an ideal control level, especially in the northern part of Anhui Province where there is a need for enhanced awareness and timely intervention measures for lipid-related diseases to effectively extend the life expectancy of residents.

Objective To investigate the CT and MRI findings of thymic carcinoid.Methods The clinical data of 12 thymic car-cinoid patients were analyzed retrospectively.All patients underwent immunohistochemistry and histopathological typing.All CT and MRI imaging features,including morphology,density,signal,presence/absence of capsule,calcification,degree of enhancements,were further analyzed.Results Irregular contour was identified in 8 cases;heterogeneous internal density or signal in 10 cases;absence of capsule in 9 cases;intratumoral calcification in 8 cases;cystic or necrotic component in 7 cases;intratumoral hemorrhage in 2 cases;pericar-dial or pleural effusion in 6 cases;preoperative metastasis in 2 cases;invasion of surrounding structures(vessels)in 10 cases.On con-trast-enhanced images,there were 2 cases with mild enhancement,6 cases with moderate enhancement,and 4 cases with obvious enhance-ment.And tumor enclosing the mediastinal great vessels was observed in 7 cases,among which 4 cases showed tumor thrombi in the superior vena cava,and intratumoral neovascularization was found in 4 cases.Conclusion Thymic carcinoid patients tend to present certain CT and MRI imaging features,mostly manifesting mild to moderate enhancement,infiltrative growth pattern along the medi-astinal vascular space,and concurrent intratumoral vascular sign,which are of vital significance to clinical diagnosis.

【Objective】 To investigate the risk factors and predictive effectiveness of prostate imaging reporting and data system (PI-RADS) score for patients with clinically significant prostate cancer (CsPCa) whose PI-RADS score was 3, so as to provide evidence for the diagnosis and treatment. 【Methods】 The clinical and multi-parameter magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) data of 153 CsPCa patients treated during Jan.2017 and Dec.2021 whose PI-RADS score was 3 were retrospectively analyzed. With PI-RADS score of 3 as the independent risk factor for CsPCa, the other relevant independent risk factors in predicting CsPCa were evaluated. 【Results】 Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that prostate-specific antigen (PSA) density and apparent dispersion coefficient (ADC) were independent risk factors for the diagnosis of CsPCa (P<0.05). Analysis of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that combined PSA density and ADC were more effective than PSA density and ADC alone (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The combination of PSA density and ADC can guide clinicians to identify high-risk CsPCa patients from patients with PI-RADS score of 3 points.

Objective:To explore the value of nomogram based on arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI perfusion parameters and clinicopathological features in predicting the response to chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (ANPC, stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ).Methods:From June 2018 to January 2021, 70 patients with ANPC confirmed by pathology were prospectively enrolled in Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University. Nasopharyngeal MRI plain scan, ASL and contrast-enhanced scan were performed before CRT, and routine MRI re-examination was performed within 1 week after the end of CRT. The pre-CRT perfusion parameter tumor blood flow (TBF) from ASL and clinicopathological features were recorded, and the maximum diameter (MD) of the tumor on T 1WI images was measured. The patients were divided into CRT effective group (48 cases) and ineffective group (22 cases) according to the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors. The independent sample t test was used to compare the differences of TBF, age and MD between effective group and ineffective group. The χ 2 test was used to compare the differences of gender, clinical stage and pathological type between the 2 groups. Using binary logistic regression analysis, clinicopathological model and TBF combined clinicopathological model were constructed, and the nomogram of combined model was constructed. The diagnostic efficacy of the models was obtained by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and the area under the ROC curves (AUC) of the 3 models were compared by DeLong method. The calibration curve for the nomogram was generated, and the concordance index (C index) was acquired. Results:The TBF of the effective group and the ineffective group were (113±9) and (97±14) ml·100 g -1·min -1, with a statistical difference ( t=5.17, P<0.001). The MD value of the effective group was smaller than that of the ineffective group, with a statistical difference ( t=-2.24, P=0.028). There were statistical differences in clinical stage and pathological type between the 2 groups (χ 2 values were 12.21 and 12.95, respectively, both P<0.001). Three independent predictors, including TBF (OR=7.749), clinical stage (OR=0.129) and pathological type (OR=5.228), were included in logistic regression analysis. The AUC, sensitivity and specificity of TBF model in predicting the response to CRT were 0.843, 87.5% and 72.7%, of clinicopathological model were 0.822, 80.2% and 59.1%, of the nomogram model were 0.893, 81.2% and 90.9%. There was no statistical difference of AUC between the nomogram model and TBF model ( Z=1.23, P=0.215). However, the AUC of the nomogram model was greater than that of the clinicopathological model ( Z=2.47, P=0.031). The calibration curve showed that there was a good concordance index (C index=0.892) between the predicted value of nomogram and the actual clinical observation value. Conclusion:TBF, clinical stage and pathological type are independent predictors of the response to CRT in ANPC patients, and the nomogram based on these three factors has a good ability in predicting the response to CRT.

ISO/TS 10974 is a general international technical specification (TS) which concentrates on the safety assessment of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for active implantable medical devices. ISO/TS 10974 Ed.2 was published in 2018 with substantial revision to Ed.1. To provide a guideline for adopting this recently revised TS in practice, this paper summarized the major changes and analyzed the technical improvements in Ed.2. Moreover, we also discussed current and emerging challenges to MRI safety evaluation remaining in Ed.2. The study revealed the consistency between these two editions with respect to classification of potential patient hazards and testing strategies, whereas Ed.2 has many methodological improvements over Ed.1 in testing methods for RF-induced heating, gradient-induced malfunction, and combined field testing, etc. However, it is still necessary to expand the scope of applicability and to adopt latest research findings into this TS to keep pace with the rapid developments in industry, making it a better guidance in the future.
Equipment Safety ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Prostheses and Implants

Scar, especially pathological scar, not only cause cosmetic concerns, but also affect the physiological function of related tissues or organs, leading to malformation and dysfunction, that will seriously affect the quality of patients’ life. Nowadays, there are many ways to prevent and improve scar. Local topical medicine such as silicone-based products and plant extracts, become more and more popular with patients because of convenience and reasonable price. In this review, the topical agents for the prevention and improvement of scar, and their therapeutic mechanisms were summarized, providing ideas for the treatment of scar with topical agents.

Scar, especially pathological scar, not only cause cosmetic concerns, but also affect the physiological function of related tissues or organs, leading to malformation and dysfunction, that will seriously affect the quality of patients’ life. Nowadays, there are many ways to prevent and improve scar. Local topical medicine such as silicone-based products and plant extracts, become more and more popular with patients because of convenience and reasonable price. In this review, the topical agents for the prevention and improvement of scar, and their therapeutic mechanisms were summarized, providing ideas for the treatment of scar with topical agents.

Objective:To investigate the effectiveness and safety of fully-covered self-expandable metal stent (FCSEMS) with plastic stent over the treatment of post liver transplantation anastomotic biliary stricture (AS).Methods:The clinical data of AS patients after liver transplantation admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2014 to April 2018 was collected for the retrospective study. According to different implanted stents, patients were divided into FCSEMS group and plastic stent group. The general information of the two groups of patients, surgical success rate, postoperative complications, the number of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), the number of indwelling stents and other indicators were compared and analyzed.Results:A total of 54 patients were enrolled, including 41 males and 13 females, with a median age of 48 (34-65) years. A total of 23 cases were included in the FCSEMS group and 31 cases were included in the plastic stent group. The overall technical success rate of the operation was 98.3% (176/179). In the FCSEMS group, there were 21 patients recovered and 2 patients were relieved; in the plastic stent group, 29 patients were recovered, 1 case was relieved, and 1 case failed. There were no statistically significant differences in the efficacy and complication rate between the two groups (all P>0.05). The median stent indwelling time, ERCP times, and the number of indwelling stents in the FCSEMS group were 5.9 months, 2 times, and 1, respectively, and in the plastic stent group were 9.5 months, 4 times, and 8 respectively. There were statistical differences between the two groups (all P<0.05). Conclusions:FCSEMS for treatment of AS showed less duration of stenting, numbers of stents and endoscopic treatment sessions with the similar efficacy as plastic stents. It’s indicated that it’s necessary to pay attention to the probability of stent migration and pancreatitis.