ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence rate of sarcopenia in patients with Wilson’s disease （WD）-related liver cirrhosis， as well as the risk factors for sarcopenia and their impact on clinical outcomes. MethodsA total of 140 patients with WD-related liver cirrhosis who were treated in The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine from January 2019 to June 2020， and according to the third lumbar skeletal muscle mass index （L3 SMI）， the patients were divided into sarcopenia group and non-sarcopenia group. Nutritional risk screening， anthropometric measurements， and blood biochemical tests were performed for the patients to identify the influencing factors for sarcopenia. The patients were followed up for 36 — 48 months， and survival status and complications were compared between the two groups. The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups， and the chi-square test and the Mann-Whitney U rank sum test were used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. A binary Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors for sarcopenia， and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to investigate the risk factors for the prognosis of patients with WD-related liver cirrhosis. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was plotted， and the Log-rank test was used for comparison between groups. ResultsAmong the 140 patients with WD-related liver cirrhosis， 53 （37.9%） developed sarcopenia， with significantly lower body mass index （BMI） and L3 SMI than the patients without sarcopenia （t=10.550 and 3.982， both P<0.001）. The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age （odds ratio ［OR］=2.243， 95% confidence interval ［CI］： 1.196 — 4.208， P=0.012）， sex （OR=0.450， 95%CI： 0.232 — 0.872， P=0.018）， BMI （OR=0.126， 95%CI： 0.089 — 0.294， P<0.001）， and hepatic encephalopathy （OR=8.367， 95%CI： 2.423 — 28.897， P<0.001） were the main influencing factors for sarcopenia in patients with WD-related liver cirrhosis. Compared with the non-sarcopenia group， the sarcopenia group had significantly higher mortality rate （χ²=6.158， P=0.019） and significantly higher incidence rates of infection （χ²=8.008， P=0.040）， recurrent abdominal/pleural efflux （χ²=17.742， P<0.001）， and hepatic encephalopathy （χ²=4.338， P=0.039）. The multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that sarcopenia （hazard ratio ［HR］=4.685， P=0.002） and hepatic encephalopathy （HR=19.156， P<0.001） were independent risk factors for death in patients with WD-related liver cirrhosis. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed a significant reduction in survival rate in the patients with sarcopenia （P=0.003）. ConclusionSarcopenia is one of the manifestations of malnutrition in patients with WD-related liver cirrhosis， which increases the risk of mortality and other complications and has an adverse effect on prognosis. There is an increased risk of sarcopenia in male patients or patients with hepatic encephalopathy， a lower level of BMI or an older age.

ObjectiveTo compare the effects of Taxillus chinensis from different hosts with different meridian affinity on bone microstructure and bone metabolism in ovariectomized osteoporotic rats， and investigate its mechanism of action. MethodEighty-eight specific-pathogen-free （SPF）-grade female Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats were selected and randomly divided into 11 groups： sham-operated group， model group， low-， medium- and high-dose groups of T. chinensis from Morus alba （2.5， 5， and 10 g·kg^-1）， low-， medium- and high-dose groups of T. chinensis from Cinnamomum cassia （2.5， 5， and 10 g·kg^-1）， and low-， medium- and high-dose groups of T. chinensis from C. burmannii （2.5， 5， and 10 g·kg^-1）. After 12 weeks of drug intervention， the rats were examined for proximal femur bone density and bone microstructure using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry （DXA） and micro-computed tomography （Micro-CT）. Histopathological changes in rat femur were observed by the hematoxylin-eosin staining （HE）. Contents of serum estradiol （E₂）， bone Gla protein （BGP）， bone alkaline phosphatase （BALP）， tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b （TRACP-5b） and pre-collagen type Ⅰ amino-terminal protopeptide （PINP） were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was employed to detect the messenger ribonucleic acid （mRNA） expressions of bone morphogenetic protein-2 （BMP-2）， Smad1， Smad9 and recombinant runt-related transcription factor 2 （Runx2） in rat humerus. Western blot was used to detect the protein expressions of BMP-2， p-Smad1/5/9 and Runx2 in rat humerus. ResultCompared with that in the sham-operated group， the femur microstructure of rats in the model group was significantly disrupted， with significant decreases in bone mineral density （BMD） value， bone volume fraction （BV/TV）， trabecular number （Tb.N）， and trabecular thickness （Tb.Th） （P<0.01）， and significant increases in trabecular separation （Tb.Sp） and structure model index （SMI） （P<0.01）. The serum levels of BGP， BALP， TRACP-5b and PINP were significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and E₂ levels were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. The mRNA expressions of BMP-2， Smad1， Smad9， and Runx2 were significantly decreased in rat humerus （P<0.01）， and the protein expressions of BMP-2， p-Smad1/5/9， and Runx2 were significantly reduced （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the administration groups of T. chinensis from different hosts all elevated the BMD， BV/TV， Tb.N， Tb.Th， Tb.Sp， and SMI levels in the femur， improved bone microstructure， increased serum E₂ levels （P<0.05， P<0.01）， lowered the levels of serum BGP， BALP， TRACP-5b， and PINP， upregulated the mRNA expression of BMP-2， Smad1， and Runx2 and upregulated the mRNA expression levels of Smad9 （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and upregulated the protein expressions levels of BMP-2， p-Smad1/5/9， and Runx2 （P<0.01）. The best effect was observed in the group of T. chinensis from C. cassia. ConclusionT. chinensis from different hosts improved osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats， with the group of T. chinensis from C. cassia being the most potent among the administered groups， and its treatment of osteoporosis may regulate the balance of bone conversion by regulating BMP/Smad signaling pathway.

Objective:To establish and validate the prediction model for bone marrow metastasis (BMM) in malignant tumors by screening out laboratory multiparameters.Methods:This case-control study collected 444 cases of malignant tumor patients who were hospitalized in the First Hospital of Jilin University from March 2018 to March 2024, including 243 cases for model establishment set and 201 cases for model validation set. The model establishment set was divided into BMM positive group (81 cases) and BMM negative group (162 cases), and the model validation set was divided into positive group (67 cases) and a negative group (134 cases). We collected patients′ clinical information such as gender, age, clinical diagnosis, and results of 47 laboratory tests including routine blood analysis, coagulation, liver function, tumor markers, potassium, sodium, chloride, and calcium ion tests, bone marrow morphology, and bone marrow biopsy. BMM was taken as the outcome event, differencial variables were analyzed using inter group comparisons, the correlation among parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis, the risk factors for BMM were analyzed using multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis, to establish logistic model, followed by efficiency evaluation on BMM predictive model using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Results:In the model establishment set, Pearson correlation analysis of 28 parameters that differed between the BMM positive and negative groups revealed that the correlation coefficients of 17 parameters, including mean platelet volume (MPV), hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (HGB), and prothrombin time (PT), were no more than 0.6 ( P<0.05). Further multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis demonstrated that MPV, HGB, HCT, PT, red cell distribution width (RDW), platelet count (PLT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), chloride (Cl -), and mean erythrocyte hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were the risk factors of BMM occurence in malignancy [MPV ( OR=9.929, 95% CI 2.688-71.335), HCT ( OR=8.232, 95% CI 6.223-9.841), HGB ( OR=4.300, 95% CI 1.947-16.577), PT ( OR=3.738, 95% CI 1.359-11.666), RDW ( OR=1.995, 95% CI 1.275-3.807), ALP ( OR=1.025, 95% CI 1.012-1.045), PLT ( OR=1.014, 95% CI 1.002-1.031), MCHC ( OR=0.724, 95% CI 0.523-0.880) and Cl -( OR=0.703, 95% CI 0.472-0.967)]. In the model establishment set, combiation of risk factors provided an AUC of 0.943 (95% CI 0.898-0.987, P<0.001), a sensitivity of 86.3%, and a specificity of 89.2% for BMM prediction. In the model validation set, the AUC was 0.924 (95% CI 0.854-0.960, P<0.001), with a sensitivity and specificity of 86.7% and 83.8%, respectively. Conclusion:This study built and validated a multiple-parameter model for BMM, which may facilitate the timely detection of BMM and provide reference for decision making of bone marrow aspiration.

In order to promote the development of hair transplantation, particularly the establishment of standards, the Hair Transplantation Expert Group of Plastic and Aesthetic National Medical Quality Control Center invited experts in the field of hair transplantation across China and formed a draft of the Expert Consensus on Standard Terminology for Hair Transplantation based on the collation of relevant literature and monographs. By combining Delphi methodology and consensus meetings, the expert group conducted several rounds of consultations on issues such as follicular unit anatomy, harvesting, dissection, and implantation, ultimately presenting 54 terminologies. This consensus considers the original Chinese and English meanings as well as the professional characteristics of terms used in hair transplantation, highlights the unique features and advantages of hair transplantation, and preserves its essence while promoting innovation, with the hope of providing valuable reference for clinical researchers engaged in hair transplantation both domestically and internationally, and better facilitating the standardization and advancement of the field.

In order to promote the development of hair transplantation, particularly the establishment of standards, the Hair Transplantation Expert Group of Plastic and Aesthetic National Medical Quality Control Center invited experts in the field of hair transplantation across China and formed a draft of the Expert Consensus on Standard Terminology for Hair Transplantation based on the collation of relevant literature and monographs. By combining Delphi methodology and consensus meetings, the expert group conducted several rounds of consultations on issues such as follicular unit anatomy, harvesting, dissection, and implantation, ultimately presenting 54 terminologies. This consensus considers the original Chinese and English meanings as well as the professional characteristics of terms used in hair transplantation, highlights the unique features and advantages of hair transplantation, and preserves its essence while promoting innovation, with the hope of providing valuable reference for clinical researchers engaged in hair transplantation both domestically and internationally, and better facilitating the standardization and advancement of the field.

Objective:To explore the effect of mixed reality (MR) application in the reconstruction of mandibular defects.Methods:Eighteen patients with mandibular defects were enrolled in this study, including 10 male patients and 8 female patients, whose age ranged from 27 to 45 years, and the mean age was 35.4 years. All the patients were from the Stomatological Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University, during October 2019 to May 2021. Fibular flaps were used for the reconstruction of the mandibular defects. The patients were randomly divided into three groups, six in each group. In group one, MR-guided mandibular defect repair and reconstruction technique was used. In group two, 3D printed guide-assisted mandibular defect repair and reconstruction technique was used, and in the control group, traditional jaw defect repair and reconstruction technique was used. All the procedures were performed by the same team. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used for analysis of surgical accuracy, and questionnaires were used to evaluate the outcome of medical communication, occlusal relationship, appearance restoration, and medical experience satisfaction.Results:The mean surgical errors in the group one and group two were (1.75±0.44) mm and (1.81±0.16) mm respectively, which were both significantly lower than that in the control group (3.05±0.83) mm ( tMR=3.38, t3D=3.56, P<0.01). The medical communication (4.60±0.35, 4.52±0.28, tMR=2.90, t3D=2.77, P<0.05), occlusal relationship (4.17±0.32, 4.28±0.39, tMR=3.07, t3D=3.29, P<0.05), and medical experience satisfaction scores (4.26±0.45, 4.25±0.67, tMR=2.50, t3D=2.26, P<0.05) in the experimental groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (4.02±0.34, 3.58±0.33, 3.56±0.32, respectively). There was no significant difference in the satisfaction of appearance recovery among all the groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:MR-guided mandibular repair and reconstruction surgery has high accuracy and is also beneficial to the recovery of occlusal relationship and medical communication.

Atherosclerosis is the main cause of cardiovascular diseases， while Carotid intima-media thickness is a biomarker of subclinical atherosclerosis. Numerous studies have confirmed that exercise can slow down or even reverse the formation and progression of carotid Intima-Media thickness. This paper provides a review of the effects of different exercise modalities， intensities， and populations on the vascular structure to provide a reference for the prevention of atherosclerosis with exercise.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic basis for a child with Rothmund-Thomson syndrome (RTS). METHODS: The child has featured poikeloderma, short stature, cataract, sparse hair and skeletal malformation. Peripheral blood samples of the child and her family members were collected and subjected to whole exome sequencing. Candidate variants were verified by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS: The child was found to harbor compound heterozygous variants of the RECQL4 gene, namely c.1048_1049delAG and c.2886-1G>A, among which c.2886-1G>A was unreported previously. According to the ACMG guidelines, the c.1048_1049delAG was predicted to be pathogenic (PVS1+PM3_Strong+PM2), while the c.2886-1G>A was predicted to be likely pathogenic (PVS1+PM2). CONCLUSION The compound heterozygous variants of the RECQL4 gene probably underlay the pathogenesis of RTS in this patient. Above finding has enriched the mutational spectrum of the RECQL4 gene.
Child ; Family ; Female ; Humans ; Mutation ; RecQ Helicases/genetics* ; Rothmund-Thomson Syndrome/genetics* ; Whole Exome Sequencing

Animals ; Antlers ; Exosomes ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells ; Osteoarthritis/therapy*

Animals ; Chloroquine/pharmacology* ; Longevity ; Rats