Objective:To understand the current situation of occupational internal exposure dose research using direct measurement method in China, and to explore the occupational internal dose level of nuclear medicine staff.Methods:From 2023 to April 2024, search on platforms such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Chinese Medical Journal Network, to collect research literature on the internal exposure dose monitoring of nuclear medicine staff and discuss the internal exposure dose assessment method. According to the literature reported thyroid 131I activity level at the measuring time, the internal exposure dose level was estimated using the method recommended by GBZ 129-2016. Results:According to existing research reports on direct measurement using portable γ spectrometers, 6.1% of nuclear medicine workers may receive a 131I dose greater than 1 mSv/a. Conclusion:It is necessary to conduct periodic continuous monitoring for personnel whose internal exposure dose may greater than 1 mSv/a, and it is necessary to explore the feasibility of periodic internal exposure monitoring method carried out by hospitals.

Objective To investigate the effects of Icariin(ICA)on the proliferation,angiogenesis,and migration of human retinal pigment epithelial(RPE)cells in a high-glucose environment and its mechanism.Methods ARPE-19 cells in good growth state were selected and divided into five groups:control group(Control group),high glucose group(HG group),high glucose+low-dose Icariin group(HG+ICA-L group),high glucose+medium-dose Icariin group(HG+ICA-M group),and high glucose+high-dose Icariin group(HG+ICA-H group).The cells in the control group were cul-tured in a medium containing 5.5 mmol·L-1 glucose.Cells in the HG group were cultured in a medium containing 30.0 mmol·L-1 glucose.The cells in each ICA intervention group were first cultured in a medium containing 30.0 mmol·L-1 glucose,and then 10.0 μmol·L-1,20.0 μmol·L-1 and 40.0 μmol·L-1 ICA were added for culture,respectively.The CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell proliferation activity,the EdU assay was used to detect cell proliferation,the Transwell assay was used to detect cell migration ability,and the Matrigel assay was used to detect in vitro tube formation ability.The expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2),vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA),epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),and proteins related to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)pathway were detected by Western blot.Results The cell viability and EdU-positive rate of ARPE-19 cells in the HG group were higher than those in the Control group(all P＜0.05).The cell viability and EdU-positive rate in the HG+ICA-L,HG+ICA-M,and HG+ICA-H groups were lower than those in the HG group(all P＜0.05).The number of migrated cells and tubes formed in the HG+ICA-L,HG+ICA-M,and HG+ICA-H groups were less than those in the HG group,and the expression levels of α-SMA,MMP-2,VEGFA,and EGFR proteins were lower than those in the HG group(all P＜0.05).The levels of p-PI3K and p-Akt in the HG+ICA-L,HG+ICA-M,and HG+ICA-H groups were lower than those in the HG group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion ICA inhibits the proliferation,migration,and angiogenesis of ARPE-19 cells stimulated by high glucose by suppressing the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.

Objective:To understand the current situation of occupational internal exposure dose research using direct measurement method in China, and to explore the occupational internal dose level of nuclear medicine staff.Methods:From 2023 to April 2024, search on platforms such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Chinese Medical Journal Network, to collect research literature on the internal exposure dose monitoring of nuclear medicine staff and discuss the internal exposure dose assessment method. According to the literature reported thyroid 131I activity level at the measuring time, the internal exposure dose level was estimated using the method recommended by GBZ 129-2016. Results:According to existing research reports on direct measurement using portable γ spectrometers, 6.1% of nuclear medicine workers may receive a 131I dose greater than 1 mSv/a. Conclusion:It is necessary to conduct periodic continuous monitoring for personnel whose internal exposure dose may greater than 1 mSv/a, and it is necessary to explore the feasibility of periodic internal exposure monitoring method carried out by hospitals.

Objective To investigate the effects of Icariin(ICA)on the proliferation,angiogenesis,and migration of human retinal pigment epithelial(RPE)cells in a high-glucose environment and its mechanism.Methods ARPE-19 cells in good growth state were selected and divided into five groups:control group(Control group),high glucose group(HG group),high glucose+low-dose Icariin group(HG+ICA-L group),high glucose+medium-dose Icariin group(HG+ICA-M group),and high glucose+high-dose Icariin group(HG+ICA-H group).The cells in the control group were cul-tured in a medium containing 5.5 mmol·L-1 glucose.Cells in the HG group were cultured in a medium containing 30.0 mmol·L-1 glucose.The cells in each ICA intervention group were first cultured in a medium containing 30.0 mmol·L-1 glucose,and then 10.0 μmol·L-1,20.0 μmol·L-1 and 40.0 μmol·L-1 ICA were added for culture,respectively.The CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell proliferation activity,the EdU assay was used to detect cell proliferation,the Transwell assay was used to detect cell migration ability,and the Matrigel assay was used to detect in vitro tube formation ability.The expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2),vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA),epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),and proteins related to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)pathway were detected by Western blot.Results The cell viability and EdU-positive rate of ARPE-19 cells in the HG group were higher than those in the Control group(all P＜0.05).The cell viability and EdU-positive rate in the HG+ICA-L,HG+ICA-M,and HG+ICA-H groups were lower than those in the HG group(all P＜0.05).The number of migrated cells and tubes formed in the HG+ICA-L,HG+ICA-M,and HG+ICA-H groups were less than those in the HG group,and the expression levels of α-SMA,MMP-2,VEGFA,and EGFR proteins were lower than those in the HG group(all P＜0.05).The levels of p-PI3K and p-Akt in the HG+ICA-L,HG+ICA-M,and HG+ICA-H groups were lower than those in the HG group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion ICA inhibits the proliferation,migration,and angiogenesis of ARPE-19 cells stimulated by high glucose by suppressing the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.

Secondary infections are the leading cause of death in patients with bullous pemphigoid. Early identification of risk factors for secondary infections in patients with bullous pemphigoid can improve their prognosis. This review summarizes the relationships of secondary infections in bullous pemphigoid with clinical characteristics, laboratory indicators, drug treatment, and duration of hospitalization, providing a reference for clinical evaluation and treatment.

Objective:To explore the pathogenesis of flunarizine-induced parkinsonism from gut-brain axis perspective.Methods:Thirty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group and flunarizine group ( n=15). Mice in the control group were given 0.1 mL 50% polyethylene glycol 400+50% saline by gavage once/d for 2 weeks, while mice in the flunarizine group were given 6 mg/mL flunarizine+50% polyethylene glycol 400+50% saline by gavage at a daily dose of 30 mg/kg for 2 weeks. Body mass was recorded 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 14 d after drug administration, and motor function was assessed by rotarod test 14 d after drug administration; 16s RNA sequencing was performed in the feces to observe the intestinal flora; intestinal transit function was detected by Evans blue by gavage; and then, the mice were sacrificed and homogenate or frozen sections (brain and intestinal tissues) were prepared; dopamine-ergic neuron expression was detected by Western blotting; RT-qPCR was applied to detect the expressions of inflammatory factors in the substantia nigra, and immunofluorescent staining was used to detect the expressions of ZO-1 and Claudin-5 in the intestinal epithelial tissues. Results:Compared with the control group, the flunarizine group had lower body mass ratio 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 14 d after drug administration (ratio to body mass before drug administration). Compared with the control group, the flunarizine group had significantly shortened residence time in rod rotating and lower rotational speed when falling ( P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the flunarizine group had decreased tyrosine hydroxylase protein in the substantia nigra without significant difference ( P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the flunarizine group had significantly increased interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in the substantia nigra (1.00±0.00 vs. 2.79±0.83; 1.00±0.00 vs. 3.39±1.37), significantly lower intestinal Evans blue propulsion rate (80.67%±4.51% vs. 50.67%±6.03%), and statistically decreased ZO-1 and Claudin-5 expressions in the colonic epithelial tissues (27.01±1.41 vs. 16.32±2.83; 37.00±2.80 vs. 24.52±2.12, P<0.05). Totally, 576 microorganisms were noted in both control group and flunarizine group, 744 in the control group alone, and 634 in the flunarizine group alone. The intestinal flora β diversity indices in the 2 groups were significantly different based on weighted Unifrac-principle coordinates analysis (PCoA, PCoA1: 39.88%; PCoA2: 30.69%). Compared with the control group, the microbial colony structure of mice in flunarizine group was dominated by phylum thick-walled bacteria and phylum warty microbacteria, and by families Muribaculaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Akkermansiaceae. Compared with the control group, the flunarizine group had significantly decreased relative abundance of Ackermannia spp. and Lactobacillus spp. in the intestinal flora ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Flunarizine may contribute to the pathogenesis of DIP by causing structural disturbances in the intestinal flora and inducing neuroinflammation based on the gut-brain axis.

Mendelian Randomization Analysis ; Bone Density ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Minerals ; Life Expectancy ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

Objective This study aims to determine the effects of a health management program based on WeChat platform on a hypertensive population aged under 45. Methods 1 128 hypertensive patients aged between 18 and 44 received a health examination from January 2016 to December 2016 and they were divided into intervention (n=561) and control (n=567)groups. The two groups were followed up after 1 year, and initially both the intervention group (n=521) and the control group (n=510) completed a lifestyle questionnaire, and their systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (HDL‐C), low density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (LDL‐C), body mass index (BMI), and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were recorded. For the control group, lifestyle health management programs were conducted. For the intervention group, a learning platform was arranged on WeChat, which uploaded questionnaires, and provided medical information to create electronic health records. The group gained hypertension‐related knowledge, dynamically monitored blood pressure and lifestyle, and participated in interactive question‐and‐answer sessions. Both groups were followed up after a year, and their systolic pressure, diastolic blood pressure, TG, TC, HDL‐C, LDL‐C, BMI, and PWV levels were measured. The changes in their daily exercise time, vegetable intake, sleep time, weekly blood pressure reading, smoking, and salt intake were recorded. Results The mean age of the WeChat intervention group was 33.1 (+10.6) years, which had 319 males (61.2%), and the mean age of the control group was 32.8 (+10.2) years, with 307 males (60.1%). No difference of clinical data was found between the two groups at baseline. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the intervention group, (142.4±10.4) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) (85.1±8.2) mmHg was significantly lower than that of the control group (149.6±10.1) mmHg, (92.3±9.1) mmHg (t=3.67, 2.33, P<0.05) at the end of the first year of follow‐up. The TG, TC, LDL‐C, BMI, and PWV levels of the intervention group [(1.6±0.6) mmol/L, (4.4±0.7) mmol/L, (2.8± 0.4 ) mmol/L, (23.9±4.2) kg/m2, (11.3±3.7) m/s respectively] were significantly lower than those of the control group [(1.8±0.7) mmol/L, (5.0±0.8) mmol/L, (3.3±0.5) mmol/L, (25.9±4.5) kg/m2, (15.8± 4.8) m/s, respectively] (t=6.63, 7.24, 4.96, 5.68, 9.25, all P<0.05). The HDL‐C level of the intervention group (1.8±0.7) mmol/L was significantly higher than that of the control group (1.4±0.4) mmol/L(t=8.14, P<0.05). After 1 year of intervention, daily exercise time [(40.5±12.2)min/d, (20.8±9.2) min/d)], vegetable intake [(423.6±145.8) g/d, (204.8±79.3) g/d)], sleeping time [(6.3±2.2) h/d, (5.9±1.7) h/d)], and weekly monitoring of blood pressure (23.4%, 8.1%) showed an increase with statistical significance (t =2.36, 1.95, 9.07, χ2=46.31, P<0.05), while smoking (14.4%, 21.9%) and high‐salt diet (20.2%, 30.5%) decreased showing statistical significance ( χ 2=‐9.83, -14.27, P<0.05). The daily exercise time [(22.9±11.3)min/d, (21.7±9.5)min/d], vegetable intake [(211.8±85.4) g/d, (198.5±81.4) g/d], sleeping time [(5.9±1.8) h/d,(5.8±1.9) h/d], weekly monitoring of blood pressure (9.2%, 8.6%), smoking(18.9%, 19.8%), and high‐salt diet (28.8%, 30.2%) were not significantly different in the control group at the one‐year follow‐up (t=0.14, 0.26, 0.31, χ2=0.11, 0.16, 0.23, all P>0.05). Conclusions The health management program based on WeChat platform can improve diet, exercise compliance, and lifestyle, and effectively reduce blood pressure and blood lipid levels for a hypertensive population under the age of 45.

Objective: To investigate the genetic characteristics of VP1 genes carried by coxsackievirus A16 strains isolated from cases of hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in Shenzhen during 2016 to 2017. Methods: Fecal and anal swab specimens were collected from patients with mild HFMD in four sentinel hospitals and the Institute of Pathogen Biology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China during 2016 to 2017. All specimens were tested for CVA16 viral RNA using real-time RT-PCR. The VP1 genes of 51 randomly selected CVA16 strains were amplified by RT-PCR and then sequenced using TaKaRa Biomedical Technology (Dalian). Bioinformatics software, including Mega6.02, BioEdit and DNAStar, was used for comparison and analysis of the VP1 genes. Results: CVA16 strains in Shenzhen during 2016 to 2017 mainly belonged to B1a and B1b subtypes as well as an emerging subtype B3. The epidemic of B1b subtype was found in both 2016 (28 strains) and 2017 (19 strains), while the B1a subtype (two strains) was only detected in 2017. Two B3 subtype strains were detected in 2017. The strains of B1b subtype were closely related to the strains isolated in Shanghai (JQ314149), Wenzhou (KP289416) and Beijing (KU254598), while the B1a subtype strains were closely related to the strains isolated in Kunming (JQ316639) and Tailand (GQ184139). The B3 subtype strain was an emerging CVA16 epidemic strain in mainland China. Further comparison of the CVA16 epidemic strains in Shenzhen area during 2016 to 2017 with the CVA16 strains causing severe neurological symptoms showed that two amino acid mutations (S14N and M23L) were found in VP1 protein. Conclusions The epidemic strains of CVA16 were B1b subtype in Shenzhen area in 2016. However, B1a, B1b and the emerging B3 subtype strains were prevalent in 2017. Compared with the CVA16 strains causing severe neurological symptoms, the CVA16 strains circulating in Shenzhen during 2016 to 2017 carried two amino acid mutations inVP1 protein.

The latest American hypertension guideline in 2017 proposed new diagnostic criteria for hypertension,control target values,and threshold for starting a drug treatment.This article reviews the related contents of hypertension guidelines in Europe,America and China in recent years,hoping to help clinicians and health managers better understand the new progress of hypertension,and manage patients with hypertension more scientifically and more regularly.