AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of 0.05% cyclosporine eye drops in promoting ocular surface recovery following pterygium excision combined with autologous corneal limbal stem cell transplantation.METHODS:This study is a prospective randomized controlled trial, selecting 104 cases(104 eyes)of primary pterygium with monocular onset admitted to Baoding First Central Hospital from September 2023 to September 2024 as the initial sample. The patients were divided into an experimental group and a control group using a random number table method, with 52 eyes in each group. Both groups underwent pterygium excision and autologous corneal limbal stem cell transplantation performed by the same surgeon. The control group received tobramycin dexamethasone eye drops combined with 0.3% sodium hyaluronate eye drops, while the experimental group was additionally treated with 0.05% cyclosporine eye drops. The corneal epithelial repair status, ocular surface function [corneal fluorescein staining(FL)score, Schirmer I test(SIt), break-up time of tear film(BUT)] at preoperative and postoperative time points(1 and 3 mo), and dry eye symptoms [ocular surface disease index(OSDI), standard patient evaluation of eye dryness(SPEED)scores]. Additionally, the recurrence rate and postoperative complications were recorded.RESULTS: During the follow-up period, there was 1 case of loss to follow-up in both the experimental group and the control group, with lost to follow-up rate of 1.9%. Finally, 51 cases in each group completed all followed-up. No statistically significant difference was observed in preoperative general characteristics of patients between the two groups(P>0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference in corneal epithelial repair time or suture removal time(all P>0.05). At 1 mo postoperatively, the SIt and BUT decreased in both groups compared to preoperative levels, with the experimental group showing higher values than the control group(all P<0.05). FL scores increased compared to preoperative levels but were lower in the experimental group(all P<0.05). By 3 mo, the SIt, BUT and FL score of the control group were not statistically different from preoperative levels(all P>0.05), whereas the experimental group showed increased SIt and BUT, which were higher than the control group, and reduced FL scores, and decreased FL scores, which was lower than the control group(all P<0.05). At 3 mo postoperatively, both groups showed increased SIt and BUT compared to 1-month values, with the experimental group outperforming the control group(all P<0.05). FL scores decreased in both groups compared to 1-month values, with the experimental group maintaining lower scores(P<0.05). At 1 mo postoperatively, OSDI and SPEED scores were higher than preoperative levels, with the experimental group higher than the control group(all P<0.05); at 3 mo postoperatively, the scores returned to preoperative level(all P>0.05), and the OSDI and SPEED scores of the control group increased and higher than those of the experiment group(all P<0.05); at 3 mo postoperatively, the OSDI and SPEED scores decreased when compared with 1-month preoperative level, and the experiment group was lower than the control group(all P<0.05). There was no difference in the total incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups(P>0.05). According to the statistics of 6 mo follow-up after operation, there was no recurrence in the experimental group, and the recurrence rate was 11.8% in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Adjunctive use of 0.05% cyclosporine eye drops after pterygium excision with limbal stem cell transplantation enhances ocular surface recovery, reduces dry eye symptoms, and lowers recurrence rates without compromising corneal epithelial healing or safety.

Pyroptosis is a programmed cell death accompanied by cell swelling,nuclear condensation,membrane rup-ture,and the release of intracellular inflammatory factors.Pyroptosis is closely related to the occurrence and development of multiple organ and system diseases,and can trigger a cascade of inflammatory responses.Studies have demonstrated that effective components of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)exhibit significant effects on modulating pyroptosis and the subsequent inflammatory responses.Here we review the research progress in studies on how TCM effective components improve diseases via pyroptosis in order to provide data for the development of new TCMs.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the improvement effects of azithromycin on bronchopulmonary dysplasia （BPD） in neonatal rats based on hypoxia-inducible factor-1α（HIF-1α）/HIF-2α/vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） pathway. METHODS Sixty newborn SD rats were randomly divided into negative control group （NC）， BPD group， azithromycin group and budesonide group （positive control）， with 15 rats in each group. Rats in NC group were given normal breathing air， while rats in other three groups were exposed to high-concentration oxygen for 14 days to establish BPD rat models. After successful modeling， rats in azithromycin group were intraperitoneally injected with azithromycin 200 mg/kg， and rats in budesonide group were atomized with budesonide 1.5 mg/kg once a day for 14 consecutive days， while rats in BPD group and NC group were not treated. Pathological changes of lung tissue， radial alveolar count and mean alveolar intercept of rats were observed in each group. The white blood cell count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） and the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， IL-1β， superoxide dismutase （SOD）， catalase （CAT） and malondialdehyde （MDA） were detected； mRNA and protein expressions of VEGF， HIF-1α， HIF-2α were also detected. RESULTS Compared with NC group， the lung tissue in BPD group was obviously damaged； the white blood cell count， average alveolar intercept and the levels of TNF-α， IL-6， IL-1β and MDA were significantly increased； the radial alveolar count， SOD and CAT levels， the relative expressions of VEGF， HIF-1α， HIF-2α mRNA and protein were significantly decreased （P＜0.05）. Compared with BPD group， the changes of the above indexes in azithromycin group and budesonide group were significantly reversed （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Azithromycin can obviously improve the symptoms of BPD in rats， reduce inflammation and oxidative stress， and exert lung protection， the mechanism of which may be realized by activating HIF-1α/HIF-2α/VEGF pathway.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics, management and outcome of aortic dissection (AD) in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia.Methods:Clinical characteristics, management, and prognosis of nine patients with pre-eclampsia complicated by AD who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2013 to April 2021 were retrospectively summarized using descriptive statistical analysis.Results:(1) Clinical features: The incidence of pre-eclampsia complicated by AD among the total deliveries and pre-eclampsia deliveries were 18/100 000 (9/49 166) and 182/100 000 (9/4 943), respectively. All the nine cases of pre-eclampsia complicated by AD, with an average age of (36.6±4.2) years, presented clinical symptoms in the second or the third trimester that were mainly manifested as chest and back pain (8/9) and the average gestational week at onset was (31.0±4.7) weeks. Seven cases were confirmed by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and computed tomography angiography (CTA), one by TTE and magnetic resonance angiography, and one by TTE+MRI+CTA. The main classification of AD was Stanford B (8/9). In the grading of blood pressure during pregnancy, except for one case without data, eight cases were severe. (2) Management: Four women did not receive any antihypertensive treatment. However, blood pressure remained uncontrolled in the other five cases despite antihypertensive managment. Except for one death before operation due to rapid deterioration, the other eight cases all received initial treatment and thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). Four cases underwent TEVAR prior to the termination of pregnancy. Two cases were delivered by cesarean section first, and TEVAR was performed 5 and 6 days after delivery, respectively. The other two cases undenwent cesarean section and TEVAR at the same time. Lung infection ( n=6) was the main postoperative complication. (3) Delivery: Among the nine patients, one patient died, and the average termination time of the eight patients (six underwent cesarean section, including two cases with fetal death, two underwent vaginal delivery following fetal death) was (32.9±3.6) weeks and none of them had postpartum hemorrhage. (4) Maternal-infant outcomes: Follow-up of the eight surviving women showed that one had numbness in one side of the limbs, one with occasional heart palpitations, and the rest had good outcomes. There were four live births, including two with low birth weight and one with neonatal asphyxia, and five stillbirths. During the 7-83 months of follow-up, all four children grew well. Conclusions:Pregnant women with pre-eclampsia should actively control blood pressure to avoid AD. Once symptoms such as chest and back pain occur, the possibility of AD should be considered. Active treatment after diagnosis of AD can improve maternal and fetal survival rate.

Objective:To explore the effects of pregnancy complicated with Takayasu arteritis (TA) on maternal and fetal outcomes.Methods:The clinical data of 17 TA patients with pregnancy and finally terminated admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2012 to December 2020 were collected and the maternal and infant outcomes were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Among the 24 pregnancies in 17 TA patients in our hispital, 11 patients in our hospital were primiparous (46%, 11/24) and 13 patients were multiparous (54%, 13/24); 4 cases of chronic hypertension before pregnancy (17%, 4/24), and 20 cases of non-hypertension (83%, 20/24) were abserved. Apart from the thoracoabdominal artery type, 15 cases (63%, 15/24) of brachiocephalic type, 8 cases (33%, 8/24) of extensive type, and 1 case of pulmonary artery type (4%, 1/24) were included in TA classification; the renal artery was damaged in 7 cases (7/8) of the extensive type. Among the 24 pregnancies of 17 TA patients, 8 cases of pregnancy complications occurred, including 4 cases (17%, 4/24) of preeclampsia, one case of (4%, 1/24) new-onset hypertension during pregnancy, exacerbation of existing hypertension, thrombocytopenia and ischemic stroke respectively; 3 cases of induced abortion, 1 case of induced labor, and 20 cases of final delivery were found. Of the 20 final deliveries, 3 cases (15%, 3/20) were delivered through the vagina; 17 cases (85%, 17/20) were delivered by cesarean section; 3 cases (15%, 3/20) of fetal growth restriction and 6 cases of oligohydramnios (30%, 6/20) were occurred. The median gestational age of pregnancy termination of 17 full-term neonates (85%, 17/20) and 3 premature neonates (15%, 3/20) was 38.4 weeks (range:29.6-40.9 weeks). All premature women were complicated with pre-eclampsia or severe pre-eclampsia, which lead to premature birth; the birth weight of the neonates was (2 791±783) g. Neonatal asphyxia occurred in 3 cases (15%, 3/20), and 6 cases (30%, 6/20) were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. None of the newborns died. The patients were followed up for 3 months to 7 years. Except for one case who underwent surgical treatment 3 years after delivery and died of intraoperative hemorrhage, the other 16 patients were in stable condition; all the newborns grew and developed well. The incidences of maternal and infant adverse events were higher in those with chronic hypertension, renal artery involvement, and no use of hormones and aspirin during pregnancy, but the differences were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Pregnancy with TA has adverse effects on maternal and infant outcomes. To reduce the occurrence of maternal and child adverse events, the condition of TA patients should be fully assessed before pregnancy, multidisciplinary cooperation, regular treatment, strengthened monitoring of the condition, timely treatment of complications, selection of appropriate delivery methods after pregnancy, and vigilance of postpartum complications should be properly carried out.

Objective:To evaluate the fit of titanium alloy removable partial denture framework fabricated by selective laser melting(SLM) technique.Methods:7 Kennedy Ⅲ Ti-6Al-4V removable titanium alloy partial denture frameworks were fabricated by SLM technology.An optical scanner was used to scan the gypsum model adhered with the silicone rubber film obtained by the impression method before and after removal of the film.Geomagic Qualify 2013 software was used to analyze the gap between the model and the tissue surface of the major connector of the framework,the fit of the frame work was evaluated.Results:The overall 3D deviation between the titanium alloy frameworks and the gypsum model was (0.221 9±0.07) mm.Conclusion:The fit of the titanium alloy removable partial denture framework made by SLM technology can basically met the clinical requirements.

Objective: To evaluate the processing accuracy, internal quality and suitability of the titanium alloy frameworks of removable partial denture (RPD) fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) technique, and to provide reference for clinical application. Methods: The plaster model of one clinical patient was used as the working model, and was scanned and reconstructed into a digital working model. A RPD framework was designed on it. Then, eight corresponding RPD frameworks were fabricated using SLM technique. Three-dimensional (3D) optical scanner was used to scan and obtain the 3D data of the frameworks and the data was compared with the original computer aided design (CAD) model to evaluate their processing precision. The traditional casting pure titanium frameworks was used as the control group, and the internal quality was analyzed by X-ray examination. Finally, the fitness of the frameworks was examined on the plaster model. Results: The overall average deviation of the titanium alloy RPD framework fabricated by SLM technology was (0.089±0.076) mm, the root mean square error was 0.103 mm. No visible pores, cracks and other internal defects was detected in the frameworks. The framework fits on the plaster model completely, and its tissue surface fitted on the plaster model well. There was no obvious movement. Conclusions The titanium alloy RPD framework fabricated by SLM technology is of good quality.

Fatigue not only affects people′s lives and work, but also causes diseases .Numerous studies have shown that some phytochemicals can promote body energy metabolism and regeneration , improve physical condition , resist fatigue growth and accelerate fatigue alleviation .This paper reviewed the recent research progress , domestic and overseas , in the anti-fatigue effect of phytochemicals .

Objective To apply Six-minute Walk Test (6MWT) in acute stroke patients and analyze the results. Methods From Novem-ber, 2014 to January, 2015, 29 acute stroke patients with multiple or single infarction accepted 6MWT. The distance, distance per minute, blood pressure and heart rate before and after test, adverse events or discomforts during the test were recorded. Weak and fatigue scores were calculated. Results The mean of distance in acute stroke patients was (240.1±17.2) m, that was (46.8±3.3)%of the predicted values in the healthy. Male patients walked (255.4±21.40) m, not different from (214.9±28.4) m in female (t=-1.151, P=0.26). The distance liked to be negatively correlated with age (r=-0.356, P=0.058). The distance was similar in each minute. Weak score was (46.8±3.3)%, fatigue score was mostly between-20 and 20, and no correlation was found between them. Blood pressure and heart rate increased significantly at the end of the test (t>2.476, P<0.05). Few of patients complained mild discomforts. Conclusion 6MWT is safe and suitable for acute stroke patients for physical mobility judgement, but adverse events need to be cared.

Objective:To investigate the expression and significance of Gab 2 in colorectal cancer tissues .Methods:Immuno-histochemistry was used to detect the expression of Gab 2 in 78 cases of colorectal cancer tissues and 46 cases of the adjacent tissues and to analyze the association of Gab2 expression with the clinicopathologic features of colorectal cancer;The expression of Gab2 in samples from 10 cases of colorectal cancer tissues and matched adjacent nontumorous tissues was detected by Western blot .Results: The results of immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the Gab 2 protein positive expression rate in 78 cases of colorectal cancer was 53.85%;whereas was negative expression or weak in the adjacent tissues , showing a significant difference of comparison within this result (P<0.001) .The expression of Gab2 in colorectal cancer was related with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05) , but no relation with the size and differentiation of tumor (P>0.05) .Western blot showed that the Gab2 protein expression of colorectal cancer cases was significantly higher than that of matched adjacent nontumorous tissues ( P<0.05 ).Conclusion: Gab2 was overexpressed in colorectal cancer .Gab2 maybe play an important role in carcinogenesis and progression of colorectal carcinoma .