Traditional four examinations of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） are based on the symptoms and signs of patients， which are the advantages of TCM but also have shortcomings. Chronic kidney disease has the characteristics of insidiousness， long-term， deficiency and variability during its onset， which are difficult to be intervened in time based on only symptoms， therefore it is necessary to extend the application of the four examinations in the diagnosis and treatment process of chronic kidney disease. Based on the background of the continuous development of TCM syndrome differentiation techniques， this article proposed the extension and application strategies of the traditional four examinations in chronic kidney disease， including the incorporation of microscopic syndrome differentiation to identify the causes of kidney disease and prevent symptom deterioration； the utilization of accurate examination information enhanced by artificial intelligence for controlling development of existing disease； the integration of disease differentiation and syndrome differentiation to summarize clinical rules towards using constant to measure variation； and the establishment of a kidney disease database for the storage of four examinations information to prevent recurrence after recovery. The four above extension and application strategies can be used to achieve the long-term management and treatment effects of timely and early diagnosis， dynamic observation of the condition， accurate application of intervention， and strengthened prognosis assessment in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic kidney disease， and expand the advantages of TCM in the prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease.

BACKGROUND:The Ilizarov technique is very effective in the treatment of congenital brachymetatarsia of the fourth,but there are still some complications.The optimal proportion of lengthening of the fourth metatarsal is still controversial.OBJECTIVE:To explore the clinical efficacy of Ilizarov technique in the treatment of congenital brachymetatarsia of the fourth and the optimal lengthening ratio.METHODS:Medical records of patients with congenital brachymetatarsia of the fourth treated with Ilizarov technique in Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from August 2021 to October 2023 were collected.American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society scores before and after the treatment,length of the fourth metatarsal before and after surgery,and postoperative complications were evaluated.The prolongation ratio was analyzed by subgroups to assess the best suitable length for the operative conditions.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)A total of 16 patients were included.The length of the fourth metatarsal before treatment was(43.51±3.75)mm,and the shortening length was(12.53±2.82)mm;the lengthening time during the treatment period was(36.95±4.12)days,and the time with external fixation bracket was(102.30±32.74)days,and the lengthening length after the treatment was(13.90±3.47)mm,and the prolongation ratio was(32.30±9.10)％.(2)American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society scores were significantly increased at the last follow-up compared with that before treatment(t=0.763,P＜0.01).(3)The main postoperative complications were bone nonunion,metatarsophalangeal joint dislocation,metatarsophalangeal joint narrowing,and excessive lengthening of the fourth metatarsal.All patients were free of infection and abnormal sensation in the toe.(4)Subgroup analysis based on prolongation ratio showed that the rate of complications in patients in the prolongation ratio ≤ 35.36％group(17％)was significantly lower than the prolongation ratio＞35.36％group(100％)(t=14.008,P＜0.01).Meanwhile,the postoperative American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score of patients in the prolongation ratio ≤ 35.36％group(90.25±3.01)was higher than that of patients in the prolongation ratio＞35.36％group(82.00±9.97)(t=2.254,P=0.037).(5)It is concluded that Ilizarov technique for the treatment of congenital brachymetatarsia of the fourth is less traumatic surgery,can significantly improve the foot deformity of patients,especially suitable for the treatment of patients whose prolongation ratio does not exceed 35.36％,with low complication rate and satisfactory results.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the short-term effectiveness of Ilizarov technique combined with steel needle internal fixation in treating Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) of the foot and ankle. METHODS: Between June 2020 and December 2023, 12 patients with Eichenholtz stage Ⅲ CN of the foot and ankle were treated with Ilizarov technique and steel needle internal fixation. There were 9 males and 3 females with an average age of 48.6 years (range, 19-66 years). The disease duration ranged from 1 to 16 months (mean, 6.8 months). Ankle joint involvement predominated in 7 cases, while midfoot involvement occurred in 5 cases; 3 cases presented with skin ulceration and soft tissue infection. Preoperative American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score was 31.2±9.0, 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36)-Physical Component Summary (PCS) score was 32.6±6.8, and Mental Component Summary (MCS) score was 47.8±8.4. Postoperative assessments included wound healing, regular X-ray film/CT evaluations of fusion status, and effectiveness via AOFAS and SF-36-PCS, MCS scores. RESULTS: All operations were successfully completed without neurovascular complication. Two patients experienced delayed wound healing requiring intervention, and the others achieved primary healing. All patients were followed up 15-43 months (mean, 23.3 months). Imaging confirmed successful joint fusion within 13-21 weeks (mean, 16.8 weeks). At last follow-up, the AOFAS score was 72.5±6.4, and the SF-36-PCS and MCS scores were 63.2±8.4 and 76.7±5.3, respectively, all of which improved compared to preoperative levels, with significant differences ( P<0.05). CONCLUSION Ilizarov technique combined with steel needle internal fixation effectively restores walking function and achieves satisfactory short-term effectiveness in CN of the foot and ankle.
Humans ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Ilizarov Technique ; Arthropathy, Neurogenic/surgery* ; Aged ; Ankle Joint/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome ; Needles ; Fracture Fixation, Internal/instrumentation* ; Steel ; Young Adult ; Foot Joints/surgery*

BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD)-associated anemia (CKD-anemia) is associated with poor survival, and hemoglobin targets are often not achieved with current therapies. Phase 3 trials have demonstrated the treatment efficacy of roxadustat for CKD-anemia. This phase 4 study aims to evaluate the long-term (52-week) safety and effectiveness of roxadustat in a broad real-world patient population with CKD-anemia with and without dialysis in China. METHODS: This Phase 4 multicenter, open-label, prospective study, conducted from 24 November 2020 to 11 November 2022, evaluated the long-term safety and effectiveness of roxadustat for CKD-anemia in China. Patients aged ≥18 years with CKD-anemia with or without dialysis were included. The initial oral dose was 70-120 mg (weight-based followed by dose adjustment) over 52 weeks. The primary endpoint was safety based on adverse events (AEs). The secondary endpoints were hemoglobin changes from baseline and the proportion of patients who achieved mean hemoglobin ≥100 g/L. Effectiveness evaluable populations 1 (EE1) and EE2 included roxadustat-naïve and previously roxadustat-treated patients, respectively. The safety analysis set (SAF) included all patients who received ≥1 occasion. RESULTS: The EE1, EE2, and SAF populations included 1804, 193, and 2021 patients, respectively. In the SAF, the mean age was 50 ± 14 years, and 1087 patients (53.8%) were male. Mean baseline hemoglobin was 96.9 ± 14.0 g/L in EE1 and 100.3 ± 12.9 g/L in EE2. In EE1, the mean (95% confidence interval) hemoglobin changes from baseline over weeks 24-36 and 36-52 were 14.2 (13.5-14.9) g/L and 14.3 (13.5-15.0) g/L, respectively. Over weeks 24-36 and 36-52, 83.3% and 86.1% of patients in EE1 and 82.7% and 84.7% in EE2 achieved mean hemoglobin ≥100 g/L, respectively. In the SAF, 1643 (81.3%) patients experienced treatment-emergent AEs (TEAEs). Overall, 219 (10.8%) patients experienced drug-related TEAEs. Thirty-eight (1.9%) patients died of TEAEs (unrelated to the study drug). Vascular access thrombosis was uncommon. CONCLUSIONS: Roxadustat (52 weeks) increased hemoglobin and maintained the treatment target in Chinese patients with CKD-anemia with acceptable safety, supporting its use in real-world settings. REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( www.chictr.org.cn ) ChiCTR2100046322; CDE ( www.chinadrugtrials.org.cn ) CTR20201568.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Anemia/etiology* ; Middle Aged ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications* ; Glycine/adverse effects* ; Isoquinolines/adverse effects* ; Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Adult ; Hemoglobins/metabolism* ; Treatment Outcome ; China ; Registries ; East Asian People

Objectives:To summarize the characteristics of Fabry′s disease with cardiac involvement.Methods:This was a single-center, cross-sectional, retrospective study. Patients with Fabry disease who were admitted to Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University from January 2022 to March 2023 were included. Clinical data, laboratory results, electrocardiogram, echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance findings of enrolled patients were collected. Clinical presentations and imaging features of patients with Fabry′s disease with cardiac involvement were summarized and analyzed.Results:A total of 17 patients from 8 families were included, with 9 males and diagnosis age of (44.35±13.72) years. Cardiac involvement and other organ involvement were presented in all patients and the heart was the most vulnerable organ (17/17). 24 h electrocardiogram showed frequent sinus arrhythmia in 3 patients. Echocardiography showed reduced left ventricular ejection fraction in 1 patient, myocardial hypertrophy in 13 patients, and left ventricular wall thickness ≥13 mm in 10 patients. Mitral regurgitation was observed in 11 patients and tricuspid regurgitation in 12 patients. Two patients underwent two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography, both revealing reduced regional longitudinal strain of the left ventricle, primarily in the basal segments. Cardiac magnetic resonance showed reduced left ventricular ejection fraction in 2 patients, myocardial hypertrophy in 16 patients, and left ventricular wall thickness≥13 mm in 14 patients. T1 value was reduced in 16 patients, with late gadolinium enhancement observed in 9 patients and “pseudo-normalization” of T1 values in 1 patient. The most susceptible target organ besides the heart was the kidneys (14/17), followed by the central nervous system (9/17). Additional findings inclucling cutaneous angiokeratoma in 4 patients, peripheral neuropathy with burning pain and hypohidrosis or hyperhidrosis in 6 patients, and corneal vortex opacities in 2 patients.Conclusion:The main manifestations of cardiac involvement in Fabry′s disease are decreased cardiac function, left ventricular hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis. Advanced imaging techniques such as two-dimensional speckle tracking, T1 Mapping, and late gadolinium enhancement are useful in detecting myocardial pathological changes of Fabry′s disease.

BACKGROUND:The Ilizarov technique is very effective in the treatment of congenital brachymetatarsia of the fourth,but there are still some complications.The optimal proportion of lengthening of the fourth metatarsal is still controversial.OBJECTIVE:To explore the clinical efficacy of Ilizarov technique in the treatment of congenital brachymetatarsia of the fourth and the optimal lengthening ratio.METHODS:Medical records of patients with congenital brachymetatarsia of the fourth treated with Ilizarov technique in Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from August 2021 to October 2023 were collected.American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society scores before and after the treatment,length of the fourth metatarsal before and after surgery,and postoperative complications were evaluated.The prolongation ratio was analyzed by subgroups to assess the best suitable length for the operative conditions.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)A total of 16 patients were included.The length of the fourth metatarsal before treatment was(43.51±3.75)mm,and the shortening length was(12.53±2.82)mm;the lengthening time during the treatment period was(36.95±4.12)days,and the time with external fixation bracket was(102.30±32.74)days,and the lengthening length after the treatment was(13.90±3.47)mm,and the prolongation ratio was(32.30±9.10)％.(2)American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society scores were significantly increased at the last follow-up compared with that before treatment(t=0.763,P＜0.01).(3)The main postoperative complications were bone nonunion,metatarsophalangeal joint dislocation,metatarsophalangeal joint narrowing,and excessive lengthening of the fourth metatarsal.All patients were free of infection and abnormal sensation in the toe.(4)Subgroup analysis based on prolongation ratio showed that the rate of complications in patients in the prolongation ratio ≤ 35.36％group(17％)was significantly lower than the prolongation ratio＞35.36％group(100％)(t=14.008,P＜0.01).Meanwhile,the postoperative American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score of patients in the prolongation ratio ≤ 35.36％group(90.25±3.01)was higher than that of patients in the prolongation ratio＞35.36％group(82.00±9.97)(t=2.254,P=0.037).(5)It is concluded that Ilizarov technique for the treatment of congenital brachymetatarsia of the fourth is less traumatic surgery,can significantly improve the foot deformity of patients,especially suitable for the treatment of patients whose prolongation ratio does not exceed 35.36％,with low complication rate and satisfactory results.

Objective:To construct a risk prediction model based on explainable intelligence(XAI)analysis algorithms for orthopedic consumables in surgery room,and improve the management quality of controlling risk for orthopedic consumables in surgery room.Methods:A risk index system for orthopedic consumables in the surgery room was established through researching literature and using Delphi method.The data of supply and use of consumables were collected to construct a risk prediction model.Risk control paths were formulated from three aspects included formulating preoperative plan,intraoperative dynamic allocation,and postoperative tracking and feedback.A total of 6,572 sets of orthopedic consumables that were used in the surgery room of the 960th Hospital of People's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force from January 2021 to December 2024 were selected.The 3,185 sets of orthopedic consumables that were used during January 2021 and December 2022 were managed by using conventional method of controlling and managing risk.The 3,387 sets of orthopedic consumables that were used during January 2023 and December 2024 were managed by using intelligent method of controlling and managing risk.The early warning capabilities for risk,and the control quality for risk between the two management methods were compared.A self-made satisfaction survey questionnaire was adopted to investigate the satisfaction scores of medical staffs and managers for consumables in the surgery room for the two management methods.Results:The average accuracy rates of using the intelligent method of controlling and managing risk in predicting formulating preoperative plan,intraoperatively dynamic allocation,and postoperative tracking and feedback for early warning events of risk in 157,247 and 57 consumables were respectively 49.68%(78/157),42.11%(104/247)and 56.14%(32/57),all of which were higher than those of conventional method of controlling and managing risk,and the difference were statistically significant(x2=9.475,23.637,13.035,P<0.05).The average reduction rate of risk events of consumables,the average intervention rate of abnormal use of consumables,and the mean value of enhance degree of turnover efficiency of consumables were respectively(6.25±1.59)%,(87.93±4.44)%and(4.78±1.69)%,all of which were higher than those of conventional method of controlling and managing risk,and the differences were statistically significant(t=4.952,6.257,4.660,P<0.05).The scores of medical staffs and managers in surgery room for acceptance of early warning for risk,support of management decision,satisfaction of using consumables,and assessment results of training by adopting intelligent method of controlling and managing risk were all higher than those by adopting conventional method of controlling and managing risk,and the differences were statistically significant(t=3.368,3.082,3.701,4.558,P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of prediction model based on XAI analysis algorithm for risk of orthopedic consumables in the surgery room can improve the accuracy of early warning for risk of orthopedic consumables in the surgery room,and reduce the incidence of risk events,and enhance the ability of emergent response for risk,and improve the quality of clinical services.

Objectives:To summarize the characteristics of Fabry′s disease with cardiac involvement.Methods:This was a single-center, cross-sectional, retrospective study. Patients with Fabry disease who were admitted to Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University from January 2022 to March 2023 were included. Clinical data, laboratory results, electrocardiogram, echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance findings of enrolled patients were collected. Clinical presentations and imaging features of patients with Fabry′s disease with cardiac involvement were summarized and analyzed.Results:A total of 17 patients from 8 families were included, with 9 males and diagnosis age of (44.35±13.72) years. Cardiac involvement and other organ involvement were presented in all patients and the heart was the most vulnerable organ (17/17). 24 h electrocardiogram showed frequent sinus arrhythmia in 3 patients. Echocardiography showed reduced left ventricular ejection fraction in 1 patient, myocardial hypertrophy in 13 patients, and left ventricular wall thickness ≥13 mm in 10 patients. Mitral regurgitation was observed in 11 patients and tricuspid regurgitation in 12 patients. Two patients underwent two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography, both revealing reduced regional longitudinal strain of the left ventricle, primarily in the basal segments. Cardiac magnetic resonance showed reduced left ventricular ejection fraction in 2 patients, myocardial hypertrophy in 16 patients, and left ventricular wall thickness≥13 mm in 14 patients. T1 value was reduced in 16 patients, with late gadolinium enhancement observed in 9 patients and “pseudo-normalization” of T1 values in 1 patient. The most susceptible target organ besides the heart was the kidneys (14/17), followed by the central nervous system (9/17). Additional findings inclucling cutaneous angiokeratoma in 4 patients, peripheral neuropathy with burning pain and hypohidrosis or hyperhidrosis in 6 patients, and corneal vortex opacities in 2 patients.Conclusion:The main manifestations of cardiac involvement in Fabry′s disease are decreased cardiac function, left ventricular hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis. Advanced imaging techniques such as two-dimensional speckle tracking, T1 Mapping, and late gadolinium enhancement are useful in detecting myocardial pathological changes of Fabry′s disease.

Objective:To construct a risk prediction model based on explainable intelligence(XAI)analysis algorithms for orthopedic consumables in surgery room,and improve the management quality of controlling risk for orthopedic consumables in surgery room.Methods:A risk index system for orthopedic consumables in the surgery room was established through researching literature and using Delphi method.The data of supply and use of consumables were collected to construct a risk prediction model.Risk control paths were formulated from three aspects included formulating preoperative plan,intraoperative dynamic allocation,and postoperative tracking and feedback.A total of 6,572 sets of orthopedic consumables that were used in the surgery room of the 960th Hospital of People's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force from January 2021 to December 2024 were selected.The 3,185 sets of orthopedic consumables that were used during January 2021 and December 2022 were managed by using conventional method of controlling and managing risk.The 3,387 sets of orthopedic consumables that were used during January 2023 and December 2024 were managed by using intelligent method of controlling and managing risk.The early warning capabilities for risk,and the control quality for risk between the two management methods were compared.A self-made satisfaction survey questionnaire was adopted to investigate the satisfaction scores of medical staffs and managers for consumables in the surgery room for the two management methods.Results:The average accuracy rates of using the intelligent method of controlling and managing risk in predicting formulating preoperative plan,intraoperatively dynamic allocation,and postoperative tracking and feedback for early warning events of risk in 157,247 and 57 consumables were respectively 49.68%(78/157),42.11%(104/247)and 56.14%(32/57),all of which were higher than those of conventional method of controlling and managing risk,and the difference were statistically significant(x2=9.475,23.637,13.035,P<0.05).The average reduction rate of risk events of consumables,the average intervention rate of abnormal use of consumables,and the mean value of enhance degree of turnover efficiency of consumables were respectively(6.25±1.59)%,(87.93±4.44)%and(4.78±1.69)%,all of which were higher than those of conventional method of controlling and managing risk,and the differences were statistically significant(t=4.952,6.257,4.660,P<0.05).The scores of medical staffs and managers in surgery room for acceptance of early warning for risk,support of management decision,satisfaction of using consumables,and assessment results of training by adopting intelligent method of controlling and managing risk were all higher than those by adopting conventional method of controlling and managing risk,and the differences were statistically significant(t=3.368,3.082,3.701,4.558,P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of prediction model based on XAI analysis algorithm for risk of orthopedic consumables in the surgery room can improve the accuracy of early warning for risk of orthopedic consumables in the surgery room,and reduce the incidence of risk events,and enhance the ability of emergent response for risk,and improve the quality of clinical services.

When applying for registration of an active medical device,it is necessary to submit research and verification data regarding the device's service life.This study primarily proposes how to verify and evaluate the preset service life of active medical devices through reliability testing.Initially,the definition of the product's service life is introduced.Subsequently,the determination of the test sample size,the type and magnitude of the test stress,the conventional test duration,the accelerated test duration,and the evaluation of the service life of the active medical device based on the test results are elucidated.Finally,an example of evaluating the service life of a non-invasive ventilator is provided for further illustration.This study offers a comprehensive closed-loop process for verifying and evaluating the preset service life of active medical devices using the test method,providing a scientific,reasonable,practical,and exhaustive test evaluation approach for enterprises and regulatory agencies.This has broad significance for universal dissemination and aids enterprises and testing institutions in conducting pertinent research and verification tasks.