The Chinese Pharmacopoeia is the legal technical standard which should be followed during the research, production, use, and administration of drugs. At present, the new edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia is planned to be promulgated and implemented. This article summarizes and analyzes the main characteristics and the content of updates and amendments of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2025 Edition(Volume Ⅰ), to provide a reference for the correct understanding and accurate implementation the new edition of the pharmacopoeia.

The Chinese Pharmacopoeia is the legal technical standard which should be followed during the research,production,use,and administration of drugs.At present,the new edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia is planned to be promulgated and implemented.This article summarizes and analyzes the main characteristics and the content of updates and amendments of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2025 Edition(Volume Ⅰ),to provide a reference for the correct understanding and accurate implementation the new edition of the pharmacopoeia.

Objective:To investigate the occurrence of low back work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among workers in a container manufacturing factory, and to explore the influencing factors.Methods:In June 2022, 952 workers from a container factory were selected as the research objects by cluster random sampling. Through questionnaire survey, the incidence of low back WMSDs symptoms among workers in the past one year was collected, and the influencing factors of low back WMSDs were analyzed by logistic regression.Results:The incidence rate of low back WMSDs was 46.7% (445/952). The factors with higher exposure at work were frequent slight bending (77.0%, 733/952), frequent overtime (74.1%, 705/952), and the need to turn around while working (62.3%, 593/952). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age over 40 years old, smoking, drinking, often bending over slightly, sitting for a long time, maintaining a large bending posture for a long time, often working overtime, limited operating space, and there was always a need to complete conflicting things in the container manufacturing factory workers were the risks of increasing the low back WMSDs ( OR=1.68, 1.96, 2.47, 1.49, 1.84, 2.11, 1.90, 1.82, 2.00, P<0.05). Standing at work, always friendly colleagues, and always supportive and helpful leaders were protective factors for low back WMSDs ( OR=0.60, 0.32, 0.40, P<0.05) . Conclusion:The incidence of low back WMSDs symptoms in container manufacturing workers is high, and work-related factors such as frequent slight bending, long time holding large bending posture and limited operating space are the focus of ergonomic intervention in container manufacturing enterprises.

Objective:To investigate the occurrence of low back work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among workers in a container manufacturing factory, and to explore the influencing factors.Methods:In June 2022, 952 workers from a container factory were selected as the research objects by cluster random sampling. Through questionnaire survey, the incidence of low back WMSDs symptoms among workers in the past one year was collected, and the influencing factors of low back WMSDs were analyzed by logistic regression.Results:The incidence rate of low back WMSDs was 46.7% (445/952). The factors with higher exposure at work were frequent slight bending (77.0%, 733/952), frequent overtime (74.1%, 705/952), and the need to turn around while working (62.3%, 593/952). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age over 40 years old, smoking, drinking, often bending over slightly, sitting for a long time, maintaining a large bending posture for a long time, often working overtime, limited operating space, and there was always a need to complete conflicting things in the container manufacturing factory workers were the risks of increasing the low back WMSDs ( OR=1.68, 1.96, 2.47, 1.49, 1.84, 2.11, 1.90, 1.82, 2.00, P<0.05). Standing at work, always friendly colleagues, and always supportive and helpful leaders were protective factors for low back WMSDs ( OR=0.60, 0.32, 0.40, P<0.05) . Conclusion:The incidence of low back WMSDs symptoms in container manufacturing workers is high, and work-related factors such as frequent slight bending, long time holding large bending posture and limited operating space are the focus of ergonomic intervention in container manufacturing enterprises.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of anterior clinoid process grinding in the treatment of ophthalmic / superior clinoid process aneurysms and sellar tumors.Methods:The clinical data of 16 patients who underwent anterior clinoid process grinding in Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2015 to July 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 1 patient with recurrent craniopharyngioma, 1 patient with recurrent pituitary adenoma, 13 patients with aneurysms, and 1 patient with suprasellar granulosa cell tumor combined with ophthalmic aneurysm of right internal carotid artery. The Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score was used to evaluate the situation at discharge and in the medium-and-long term.Results:Sixteen patients underwent anterior clinoidprocess grinding. At discharge and the latest follow-up, the mRS scores of the patients were 0-2. A total of 15 aneurysms were treated, and there were no symptoms of visual loss or visual field defect after operation. No cerebrospinal fluid leakage occurred in all patients.Conclusions:The grinding of anterior clinoid process can effectively and fully stretch the optic nerve and internal carotid artery, and can observe the tumor neck at the lower end of pituitary stalk and the ocular segment/superior clinoid process of internal carotid artery under direct vision. It is one of the important auxiliary methods for the treatment of sellar lesions.

Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy of needling QIN's eight head acupoints in treating insomnia.Method Sixty patients were randomized into QIN's eight head acupoints group (30 cases) and a conventional acupuncture group (30 cases). The modified Spiegel sleep questionnaire was evaluated respectively after 4-week and 8-week treatment.Result After 4-week treatment, there was a significant difference in comparing the modified Spiegel sleep questionnaire between the two groups (P<0.05), and QIN's eight head acupoints group was superior to the conventional acupuncture group; after 8-week treatment, there was no significant difference between the two groups in comparing the modified Spiegel sleep questionnaire (P>0.05).Conclusion QIN's eight head acupoints group had a more significant therapeutic efficacy compared to conventional acupuncture group after 4-week treatment.

The clinical and experimental publish literatures of the traditional acupuncture treatment for xerophthalmia were review and selected, and the acupoints and outcomes index were analyzed. The clinical studies demonstrated that acupoints around eyes, head and face were mainly coordinated with Zangfu organs and meridians; and the experimental studies showed the effect of acupuncture work through stimulation of the lacrimal gland secretion, repairing lacrimal gland structure, inhibition of apoptosis to increase the flow of tears, extending the breakup time of lacrimal film, and relieving eye related symptoms.

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy of the patients of xerosis conjunctivitis with liver and kidney yin deficiency among the combined therapy of acupuncture and Shi's manipulation, common acupuncture and artificial tears therapy.

METHODSOne hundred and eight patients were randomized into an acupuncture group, a SHI's manipulation group and an artificial tears group, 36 cases in each group. A total of 15 cases dropped out before the end of the study, including 4 cases in the acupuncture group, 6 cases in the SHI's manipulation group, and 5 cases in the artificial tears group. In the acupuncture group, acupuncture was applied to Jingming (BL 1) and Qiuhou (EX-HN 7) on the affected side, and the bilateral Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Taixi (KI 3). The needles were retained for 20 min. In the SHI's manipulation group, on the basis of the treatment as the acupuncture group, Shuigou (GV26) was added and stimulated with SHI's acupuncture manipulation. In these two groups, acupuncture was given 3 times a week totally for 3 weeks. In the artificial tears group, sodium hyaluronate eye drops were used, 5 times a day, for 3 weeks totally. Separately, before treatment, at the moment after the 1st treatment and 3 weeks after treatment, the subjective symptom score, Schirmer I test, breakup time (BUT) of tear film were observed in each group.

RESULTS(1) Subjective symptom score: at the moment after the 1st treatment and 3 weeks after treatment, the scores in each group were all reduced significantly as compared with those before treatment (all P < 0.05). At the moment after the 1st treatment, the score in the SHI's manipulation group and the artificial tears group was reduced apparently as compared with that in the acupuncture group (both P < 0.05). In 3 weeks of treatment, the score in the SHI's manipulation group was reduced apparently as compared with the acupuncture group and the artificial tears group (both P < 0.05). (2) For Schirmer I test, at the moment of the 1st treatment, the result in the SHI's manipulation group and the artificial tears group was improved significantly as compared with that before treatment (both P < 0.05). In 3 weeks of treatment, the result in the acupuncture group and the SHI's manipulation group group was improved significantly as compared with that before treatment (both P < 0.05). At the moment of the 1st treatment, the result in the artificial tears group was improved significantly as compared with the acupuncture group and the SHI's manipulation group (both P < 0.05). In 3 weeks of treatment, the result in the acupuncture group and the SHI's manipulation group was better than that in the artifi-cial tears group separately (both P < 0.05). (3) For BUT, the result in the acupuncture group and the SHI's manipulation group was prolonged significantly as compared with that before treatment and was prolonged apparently as compared with that in the artificial tears group (both P < 0.05) in 3 weeks of treatment.

CONCLUSIONThe intervention of SHI's acupuncture manipulation relieves the subjective symptoms of xerosis conjunctivitis of liver and kidney yin deficiency and achieves the same efficacy as the common acupuncture and artificial tears treatment. It does not present the apparent advantages as the common acupuncture in the short term for promoting the tear secretion and tears film repair.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Conjunctivitis ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Dry Eye Syndromes ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; physiopathology ; Liver ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Yin Deficiency ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the clinical, neuroimaging and serum risk factors of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in patients with ischemic stroke and find the associations between these risk factors and the location and num?bers of CMBs were also analyzed. Methods One hundred and fifty-three patients with acute ischemic stroke were re?cruited in this study and their data werewas retrospectively analyzed. All of the patients underwent MRI- susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI). The location and numbers of CMBs were recordedexamined. The severity of WMLs was assessed using the Fazekas scale. Logistic regressions were performed to find the predictors of the presence of CMBs. The relation?ships between these risk factors and the location and numbers of CMBs were also analyzed. Results Fifty-nine(38.6%) cases had at least one CMB. The frequency of cortical-subcortical, deep and infratentorial CMBs were 34.0%, 24.8%and 27.5%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed that male sex, hypertension and moderate-to-severe deep white matter hyperintensities (DWMH) were independent risk factors of the presence of CMBs. Adjusted with age and sex, partial correlation showed that hypertension only correlated with the numbers of deep CMBs significantly (r=0.174, P=0.032). Moderate-to-severe DWMH significantly correlated with the numbers of cortical-subcortical and deep CMBs (r=0.285, P<0.001 and r=0.258, P=0.001, respectively). Conclusion Male sex, hypertension and moderate-to-severe DWMH were are independent risk factors of CMBs in patients with ischemic stroke. Hypertension correlates with Deep deep CMBs, while Moderatemoderate-to-severe DWMH correlates with cortical-subcortical and deep CMBs.

Objective To study the relationship between type 2 diabetes peripheral neuropathy and the activity of serum super-oxide dismutase(SOD) ,and the relationship between the activity of serum SOD and gender ,age ,and blood glucose concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes peripheral neuropathy .Methods One hundred and twenty-five T2DM patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN) and 125 healthy individuals were enrolled in the study .The pyrogallol autoxidation method were used to deter-mine the the activity of serum SOD ,and then the differences of serum SOD activity were compared between the 2 group of people . The relationship between the activity of serum SOD and gender ,age ,and blood glucose concentrations in patients with type 2 diabe-tes peripheral neuropathy were analyzed .Results The difference of the activity of serum SOD between type 2 diabetes peripheral neuropathy group and control group was statistically significant (t=7 .798 ,P=0 .000) .There were no differences between the ac-tivity of serum SOD and gender ,age ,and blood glucose concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes peripheral neuropathy .The SOD activities in 6 .1-7 .0 mmol/L and ≥7 .0 mmol/L groups were statistically significant (P=0 .034) .Conclusion The activity of serum SOD increase in T2DM patients with DPN .The activity of serum SOD is associated with blood glucose concentrations ,and might increase with elevated blood glucose .