Current studies on electroencephalogram (EEG) emotion recognition primarily concentrate on discrete stimulus paradigms under controlled laboratory settings, which cannot adequately represent the dynamic transition characteristics of emotional states during multi-context interactions. To address this issue, this paper proposes a novel method for emotion transition recognition that leverages a cross-modal feature fusion and global perception network (CFGPN). Firstly, an experimental paradigm encompassing six types of emotion transition scenarios was designed, and EEG and eye movement data were simultaneously collected from 20 participants, each annotated with dynamic continuous emotion labels. Subsequently, deep canonical correlation analysis integrated with a cross-modal attention mechanism was employed to fuse features from EEG and eye movement signals, resulting in multimodal feature vectors enriched with highly discriminative emotional information. These vectors are then input into a parallel hybrid architecture that combines convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and Transformers. The CNN is employed to capture local time-series features, whereas the Transformer leverages its robust global perception capabilities to effectively model long-range temporal dependencies, enabling accurate dynamic emotion transition recognition. The results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves the lowest mean square error in both valence and arousal recognition tasks on the dynamic emotion transition dataset and a classic multimodal emotion dataset. It exhibits superior recognition accuracy and stability when compared with five existing unimodal and six multimodal deep learning models. The approach enhances both adaptability and robustness in recognizing emotional state transitions in real-world scenarios, showing promising potential for applications in the field of biomedical engineering.
Humans ; Emotions/physiology* ; Electroencephalography ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Eye Movements ; Perception

Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of fungi on object surface in hospital environ-ment,and provide reference for the scientific and precise formulation of environment control strategies based on fun-gal in clinic.Methods From December 7 to 23,2023,a total of 60 environmental specimens of 19 categories in 6 departments of a large tertiary first-class hospital were collected and divided into water-related environmental speci-men group,complete facade environmental specimen group,and sanitary ware environmental specimen group.18S rRNA sequencing was performed on specimens with fungi detected.Results Fungal detection rate of environmental specimens was 20.00％(12/60).Sink in the department of endocrinology had the highest fungal colony count(15 CFU/cm2),followed by the air outlet of air disinfection device in the department of thoracic surgery and the in-ternal part of a faucet in the department of endocrinology(both 10 CFU/cm2).The water-related environmental specimen group detected most diverse fungal genera(14 species),with high relative abundances of Aspergillus(100％),Meyerozyma(99.06％),Ophiocordyceps genus(95.63％),and Kodamaea(87.86％).The air outlet of air disinfection device was detected with a high abundance of Chaetomium(44.08％)and Corollospora(39.71％).There was no statistically significant difference in the α-diversity(Shannon and Simpson indices,P values of 0.661 and 0.568,respectively)and β-diversity(P=0.712)among the three environmental specimens.Conclusion Under the routine implementation of basic environmental cleaning and disinfection in medical institutions,fungi are in a low prevalence in the environment.However,moist surfaces and air disinfection device are prone to fungal colonization,and it is necessary to strengthen daily monitoring and take corresponding intervention measures to reduce the risk of infection.

Objective To analyze the disease burden of hip osteoarthritis(HOA)and its changing trends in China from 1990 to 2021.Methods Utilizing the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)2021 database,age-standardized incidence rate(ASIR),age-standardized prevalence rate(ASPR),and age-standardized disability adjusted life years(DALY)rate(ASDR)of HOA were compared and analyzed in China,globally,and in regions with high sociodemographic index(SDI)from 1990 to 2021.Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the temporal trend of disease burden,and age and gender were combined to deeply analyze the disease burden of HOA in China.Meanwhile,the age-period-cohort model was used to analyze the influencing factors and the Bayesian age-period-cohort model to predict the trend of China's HOA disease burden in the next 10 years.Results The ASIR,ASPR,and ASDR of HOA in China showed an increasing trend from 1990 to 2021[average annual percentage change(AAPC)were 0.87％,0.82％,and 0.81％,respectively,P＜0.001],and their AAPCs were higher than those of the global and high SDI regions,but in 2021,the ASIR,ASPR,and ASDR of China were lower than those of the global and high SDI regions.Crude incidence,crude prevalence,and crude DALY rate in Chinese HOA increased with age,with the highest number of incidence in the 55-59 age group and the highest number of prevalence,DALY,in the 65-69 age group.In 2021,the ASIR,ASPR and ASDR of HOA in Chinese males were 1.25,1.24 and 1.25 times higher than those in females.Changes in the incidence of HOA in China from 1990 to 2021 were influenced by age,period,and birth cohort.Compared with 2021,new cases of HOA are expected to increase by 37.78％by 2035,and the number of incidence cases in people aged 60 years and above will increase significantly.Conclusion The disease burden of HOA in China continued to rise from 1990 to 2021,and prevention and control need to be strengthened,with a focus on men,high BMI,and middle-aged and older populations.

OBJECTIVE To quantitatively evaluate the effect on decolonization of gram-negative bacteria(GNB)and carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria(CRGNB)in water sinks of neonatal wards and compare the decoloni-zation effects among the 500 mg/L,1000 mg/L of chlorine-containing disinfectants and 3％hydrogen peroxide so-lution.METHODS A total of 15 water sinks were chosen from West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University as the research subjects,which were randomly divided into the 500 mg/L chlorine-containing disinfect-ant group,the 1000 mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant group and the 3％hydrogen peroxide solution group.The bacterial colony counts of GNB and CRGNB as well as microbial diversity at the drain outlets were ob-served and compared before the intervention and after the disinfectants were continuously poured for 7 days.RESULTS There were GNB and CRGNB colonized at the drain outlets of water sinks in the neonatal wards under the mode of regular rinsing with 500 mg/L of chlorine-containing disinfectant,with Pseudomonadaceae dominant.There were no significant differences in the bacterial colony counts of GNB/CRGNB,Alpha diversity(Shannon index)and Beta diversity(Bray-Curtis distance)among the three types of disinfectants after the inter-vention for 7 days.CONCLUSIONS There are still large quantity of GNB and CRGNB colonized at the drain outlets of water sinks of neonatal wards after daily conventional treatment with 500 mg/L of chlorine-containing disinfect-ant.Neither the disinfectant with the concentration of chlorine increasing to 1000 mg/L nor 3％hydrogen peroxide solution can remarkably reduce the colonization or alter the microbial diversity.The optimal disinfection strategy should be formulated based on compound disinfectant,physical intervention and project reconstruction.

Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of fungi on object surface in hospital environ-ment,and provide reference for the scientific and precise formulation of environment control strategies based on fun-gal in clinic.Methods From December 7 to 23,2023,a total of 60 environmental specimens of 19 categories in 6 departments of a large tertiary first-class hospital were collected and divided into water-related environmental speci-men group,complete facade environmental specimen group,and sanitary ware environmental specimen group.18S rRNA sequencing was performed on specimens with fungi detected.Results Fungal detection rate of environmental specimens was 20.00％(12/60).Sink in the department of endocrinology had the highest fungal colony count(15 CFU/cm2),followed by the air outlet of air disinfection device in the department of thoracic surgery and the in-ternal part of a faucet in the department of endocrinology(both 10 CFU/cm2).The water-related environmental specimen group detected most diverse fungal genera(14 species),with high relative abundances of Aspergillus(100％),Meyerozyma(99.06％),Ophiocordyceps genus(95.63％),and Kodamaea(87.86％).The air outlet of air disinfection device was detected with a high abundance of Chaetomium(44.08％)and Corollospora(39.71％).There was no statistically significant difference in the α-diversity(Shannon and Simpson indices,P values of 0.661 and 0.568,respectively)and β-diversity(P=0.712)among the three environmental specimens.Conclusion Under the routine implementation of basic environmental cleaning and disinfection in medical institutions,fungi are in a low prevalence in the environment.However,moist surfaces and air disinfection device are prone to fungal colonization,and it is necessary to strengthen daily monitoring and take corresponding intervention measures to reduce the risk of infection.

Objective To analyze the disease burden of hip osteoarthritis(HOA)and its changing trends in China from 1990 to 2021.Methods Utilizing the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)2021 database,age-standardized incidence rate(ASIR),age-standardized prevalence rate(ASPR),and age-standardized disability adjusted life years(DALY)rate(ASDR)of HOA were compared and analyzed in China,globally,and in regions with high sociodemographic index(SDI)from 1990 to 2021.Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the temporal trend of disease burden,and age and gender were combined to deeply analyze the disease burden of HOA in China.Meanwhile,the age-period-cohort model was used to analyze the influencing factors and the Bayesian age-period-cohort model to predict the trend of China's HOA disease burden in the next 10 years.Results The ASIR,ASPR,and ASDR of HOA in China showed an increasing trend from 1990 to 2021[average annual percentage change(AAPC)were 0.87％,0.82％,and 0.81％,respectively,P＜0.001],and their AAPCs were higher than those of the global and high SDI regions,but in 2021,the ASIR,ASPR,and ASDR of China were lower than those of the global and high SDI regions.Crude incidence,crude prevalence,and crude DALY rate in Chinese HOA increased with age,with the highest number of incidence in the 55-59 age group and the highest number of prevalence,DALY,in the 65-69 age group.In 2021,the ASIR,ASPR and ASDR of HOA in Chinese males were 1.25,1.24 and 1.25 times higher than those in females.Changes in the incidence of HOA in China from 1990 to 2021 were influenced by age,period,and birth cohort.Compared with 2021,new cases of HOA are expected to increase by 37.78％by 2035,and the number of incidence cases in people aged 60 years and above will increase significantly.Conclusion The disease burden of HOA in China continued to rise from 1990 to 2021,and prevention and control need to be strengthened,with a focus on men,high BMI,and middle-aged and older populations.

OBJECTIVE To quantitatively evaluate the effect on decolonization of gram-negative bacteria(GNB)and carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria(CRGNB)in water sinks of neonatal wards and compare the decoloni-zation effects among the 500 mg/L,1000 mg/L of chlorine-containing disinfectants and 3％hydrogen peroxide so-lution.METHODS A total of 15 water sinks were chosen from West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University as the research subjects,which were randomly divided into the 500 mg/L chlorine-containing disinfect-ant group,the 1000 mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant group and the 3％hydrogen peroxide solution group.The bacterial colony counts of GNB and CRGNB as well as microbial diversity at the drain outlets were ob-served and compared before the intervention and after the disinfectants were continuously poured for 7 days.RESULTS There were GNB and CRGNB colonized at the drain outlets of water sinks in the neonatal wards under the mode of regular rinsing with 500 mg/L of chlorine-containing disinfectant,with Pseudomonadaceae dominant.There were no significant differences in the bacterial colony counts of GNB/CRGNB,Alpha diversity(Shannon index)and Beta diversity(Bray-Curtis distance)among the three types of disinfectants after the inter-vention for 7 days.CONCLUSIONS There are still large quantity of GNB and CRGNB colonized at the drain outlets of water sinks of neonatal wards after daily conventional treatment with 500 mg/L of chlorine-containing disinfect-ant.Neither the disinfectant with the concentration of chlorine increasing to 1000 mg/L nor 3％hydrogen peroxide solution can remarkably reduce the colonization or alter the microbial diversity.The optimal disinfection strategy should be formulated based on compound disinfectant,physical intervention and project reconstruction.

ObjectiveBased on the network pharmacology system and quantitative spectroscopy of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） compounds， a topological network analysis method with equilibrium constant as the core was established to further explore the interaction between allergenic components and their network targets in Shuanghuanglian injection（SHLI）， in order to provide new ideas and experimental basis for identifying and screening potential allergens of SHLI. MethodAfter one week of adaptive feeding， 72 SPF-grade SD male rats were randomly divided into blank group， SHLI standard group， Lonicerae Japonicae Flos（LJF） group， Scutellariae Radix（SR） group， Forsythiae Fructus（FF） group， and 7 groups of SHLI matching groups（groups 1-7）， with 6 rats in each group. Rats in each group were administered the drug intravenously and blood samples were taken after steady state， high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） characterization profiles of the testing drugs and plasma components in each group were established， and the peak area changes of the drugs and plasma components in each group were calculated after the component groups were classified. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was used to determine the changes of immunoglobulin E（IgE）， histamine（HIS）， tryptase（TPS）， total complement（CH50） and terminal complement complex（C5b-9） in animal blood samples. MATLAB R2020b v9.9.0 software was used to calculate the network balance constants of the component groups with the targets， and the eigenvalues of the matrices composed of network equilibrium constants were calculated and ranked according to their values. ResultELISA results showed that， compared with the blank group， groups 1-3 could significantly increase the IgE level， groups 1-2， groups 4-6 and SHLI standard group could significantly increase the HIS level， group 4 could significantly increase the CH50 level， groups 1， 3-4， LJF group and FF group could significantly increase the TPS level， SR group could significantly increase the C5b-9 level， and the differences were all statistically significant（P<0.05）. According to the retention time of chromatographic peaks， it was classified into 6 component groups from C1 to C6 by HPLC. The order of the network balance constants of each component group was C6>C4>C1>C5>C3>C2， indicating that C6 had the greatest effect on the allergic reaction， and was most likely to be the allergen. The sequence of eigenvalues was C2>C5b-9>C3>C1>CH50>C6>C5>IgE>TPS>C4>HIS， indicating that component group C2 had the greatest contribution to the whole network. ConclusionBased on the correlation analysis of SHLI component group and allergy-like target network， this study clarified that component group C6 may be a potential allergen in SHLI， and the component group C2 may be a key node in the mechanism of drug action， which can provide new strategies and methods for the screening of allergens in TCM injections.

Background: SM-like (LSM) genes a family of RNA-binding proteins, are involved in mRNA regulation and can function as oncogenes by altering mRNA stability. However, their roles in B-cell progression and tumorigenesis remain poorly understood. Methods: We analyzed gene expression profiles and overall survival data of 123 patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). The LSM index was developed to assess its potential as a prognostic marker of MCL survival. Results: Five of the eight LSM genes were identified as potential prognostic markers for survival in MCL, with particular emphasis on the LSM.index. The expression levels of these LSM genes demonstrated their potential utility as classifiers of MCL. The LSM.index-high group exhibited both poorer survival rates and lower RNA levels than did the overall transcript profile. Notably, LSM1 and LSM8 were overexpressed in the LSM.index-high group, with LSM1 showing 2.5-fold increase (p < 0.001) and LSM8 depicting 1.8-fold increase (p < 0.01) than those in the LSM.index-low group.Furthermore, elevated LSM gene expression was associated with increased cell division and RNA splicing pathway activity. Conclusions The LSM.index demonstrates potential as a prognostic marker for survival in patients with MCL. Elevated expression of LSM genes, particularly LSM1 and LSM8, may be linked to poor survival outcomes through their involvement in cell division and RNA splicing pathways. These findings suggest that LSM genes may contribute to the aggressive behavior of MCL and represent potential targets for therapeutic interventions.

BACKGROUND:Tissue engineering has brought new hope to the clinical challenge of liver failure,and the preparation of plant-derived decellularized fiber scaffolds holds significant importance in liver tissue engineering. OBJECTIVE:To prepare apple tissue decellularized scaffold material by using fresh apple slices and a solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate,and assess its biocompatibility. METHODS:Fresh apples were subjected to decellularization using phosphate buffer saline and sodium dodecyl sulfate solution,separately.Afterwards,the decellularized apple tissues and apple decellularized scaffold materials were decontaminated with phosphate buffer saline.Subsequently,scanning electron microscopy was used to assess the effectiveness of decellularization of the apple materials.Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were extracted from the inguinal fat BALB/C of mice,and their expression of stem cell-related markers(CD45,CD34,CD73,CD90,and CD105)was identified through flow cytometry.The cells were then divided into a scaffold-free control group and a scaffold group.Equal amounts of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were seeded onto both groups.The biocompatibility of the decellularized scaffold with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells was evaluated using CCK-8 assay,hematoxylin-eosin staining,and phalloidine staining.Cell adhesion and growth on the scaffold were observed under light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.Furthermore,the scaffold was subdivided into the non-induced group and the hepatogenic-induced group.Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were cultured on the decellularized apple scaffold,and they were cultured for 14 days in regular culture medium or hepatogenic induction medium for comparison.Immunofluorescent staining using liver cell markers,including albumin,cytokeratin 18,and CYP1A1,was performed.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the secretion of alpha fetoprotein and albumin.Additionally,scanning electron microscopy was employed to observe the morphology of the induced cells on the scaffold,verifying the expression of liver cell-related genes on the decellularized scaffold material.Finally,the cobalt-60 irradiated and sterilized decellularized apple scaffolds were transplanted onto the surface of mouse liver and the degradation of the scaffold was observed by gross observation and hematoxylin-eosin staining after 28 days. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The scanning electron microscopy results revealed that the decellularized apple scaffold material retained a porous structure of approximately 100 μm in size,with no residual cells observed.(2)Through flow cytometry analysis,the cultured cells were identified as adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.(3)CCK-8 assay results demonstrated that the prepared decellularized apple tissue scaffold material exhibited no cytotoxicity.Hematoxylin-eosin staining and phalloidine staining showed that adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were capable of adhering and proliferating on the decellularized apple tissue scaffold.(4)The results obtained from immunofluorescence staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells cultured on the decellularized apple scaffolds exhibited elevated expression of liver-specific proteins,including albumin,alpha-fetoprotein,cytokeratin 18,and CYP1A1.These results suggested that they were induced differentiation into hepatocyte-like cells possessing functional characteristics of liver cells.(5)The decellularized apple scaffold implanted at 7 days has integrated with the liver,with partial degradation of the scaffold observed.By 28 days,the decellularized apple scaffold has completely degraded and has been replaced by newly-formed tissue.(6)The results indicate that the decellularized scaffold material derived from apple tissue demonstrates favorable biocompatibility,promoting the proliferation,adhesion,and hepatic differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.