Background: SM-like (LSM) genes a family of RNA-binding proteins, are involved in mRNA regulation and can function as oncogenes by altering mRNA stability. However, their roles in B-cell progression and tumorigenesis remain poorly understood. Methods: We analyzed gene expression profiles and overall survival data of 123 patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). The LSM index was developed to assess its potential as a prognostic marker of MCL survival. Results: Five of the eight LSM genes were identified as potential prognostic markers for survival in MCL, with particular emphasis on the LSM.index. The expression levels of these LSM genes demonstrated their potential utility as classifiers of MCL. The LSM.index-high group exhibited both poorer survival rates and lower RNA levels than did the overall transcript profile. Notably, LSM1 and LSM8 were overexpressed in the LSM.index-high group, with LSM1 showing 2.5-fold increase (p < 0.001) and LSM8 depicting 1.8-fold increase (p < 0.01) than those in the LSM.index-low group.Furthermore, elevated LSM gene expression was associated with increased cell division and RNA splicing pathway activity. Conclusions The LSM.index demonstrates potential as a prognostic marker for survival in patients with MCL. Elevated expression of LSM genes, particularly LSM1 and LSM8, may be linked to poor survival outcomes through their involvement in cell division and RNA splicing pathways. These findings suggest that LSM genes may contribute to the aggressive behavior of MCL and represent potential targets for therapeutic interventions.

Background: SM-like (LSM) genes a family of RNA-binding proteins, are involved in mRNA regulation and can function as oncogenes by altering mRNA stability. However, their roles in B-cell progression and tumorigenesis remain poorly understood. Methods: We analyzed gene expression profiles and overall survival data of 123 patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). The LSM index was developed to assess its potential as a prognostic marker of MCL survival. Results: Five of the eight LSM genes were identified as potential prognostic markers for survival in MCL, with particular emphasis on the LSM.index. The expression levels of these LSM genes demonstrated their potential utility as classifiers of MCL. The LSM.index-high group exhibited both poorer survival rates and lower RNA levels than did the overall transcript profile. Notably, LSM1 and LSM8 were overexpressed in the LSM.index-high group, with LSM1 showing 2.5-fold increase (p < 0.001) and LSM8 depicting 1.8-fold increase (p < 0.01) than those in the LSM.index-low group.Furthermore, elevated LSM gene expression was associated with increased cell division and RNA splicing pathway activity. Conclusions The LSM.index demonstrates potential as a prognostic marker for survival in patients with MCL. Elevated expression of LSM genes, particularly LSM1 and LSM8, may be linked to poor survival outcomes through their involvement in cell division and RNA splicing pathways. These findings suggest that LSM genes may contribute to the aggressive behavior of MCL and represent potential targets for therapeutic interventions.

Objectives:To investigate the screening status of warning signs for mental and behavioral development (WS) and influencing factors of infants and young children (IYC) in poverty eliminated regions of Henan Province.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. A total of 15 680 IYC aged 6-23 months from 51 poverty eliminated counties in Henan province from June to September of 2023 were selected through a multi-stage random sampling method. IYC′s early warning signs were screened using the WS checklist (WSC). Children′s socio-demographic characteristics, maternal information, birth status, and illness conditions such as fever and diarrhea within 2 weeks were measured through a uniformly designed questionnaire. All participants also received the measurement of height, weight, and hemoglobin concentration level. Logistic regression model was used to explore the influencing factors of positive WSC and conducted sensitivity analyses.Results:Among the sample of 15 680 IYC, there were 8 462 boys (53.97%) and 7 218 girls (49.03%), with their age of (15±5) months. A total of 291 (1.86%) IYC were positive in WSC. Parenting risk ( OR=5.07, 95% CI 3.93-6.52, P<0.001) and preterm birth ( OR=1.63, 95% CI 1.06-2.52, P=0.027) were both positively associated with the odds of WSC′s positivity. Being girls ( OR=0.66, 95% CI 0.52-0.85, P=0.001), age (12-17 months, OR=0.47, 95% CI 0.35-0.62, P<0.001; 18-23 months, OR=0.40, 95% CI 0.30-0.54, P<0.001), and maternal educational level (junior high school, OR=0.46, 95% CI 0.32-0.66, P<0.001; senior high school or vocational high school, OR=0.35, 95% CI 0.23-0.56, P<0.001; college and above, OR=0.36, 95% CI 0.23-0.57, P<0.001) were all negatively associated with the risk of WSC′s positivity. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated that, after excluding anemic children, the association between preterm birth and WSC′s positivity was not significant ( OR=1.54, 95% CI 0.95-2.49, P=0.081). Despite this situation, being girls, age and maternal educational level were still negatively associated with the odds of WSC′s positivity (all P<0.05); preterm birth, parenting risk were remained positive associated with the risk of WSC′s positivity (all P<0.05) either by excluding children with protein-energy malnutrition or 2-week morbidity, or using prevalence ratio instead of OR. Conclusions:Among the IYC in poverty eliminated regions of Henan Province, the risk of positivity of WSC was higher for those IYC with parenting risk, preterm birth, boys, younger age, and lower maternal education level. These influencing factors, such as gender, age, preterm birth, parenting risk and maternal educational level, were in certain stability across different IYC characteristics and estimation models.

Background: SM-like (LSM) genes a family of RNA-binding proteins, are involved in mRNA regulation and can function as oncogenes by altering mRNA stability. However, their roles in B-cell progression and tumorigenesis remain poorly understood. Methods: We analyzed gene expression profiles and overall survival data of 123 patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). The LSM index was developed to assess its potential as a prognostic marker of MCL survival. Results: Five of the eight LSM genes were identified as potential prognostic markers for survival in MCL, with particular emphasis on the LSM.index. The expression levels of these LSM genes demonstrated their potential utility as classifiers of MCL. The LSM.index-high group exhibited both poorer survival rates and lower RNA levels than did the overall transcript profile. Notably, LSM1 and LSM8 were overexpressed in the LSM.index-high group, with LSM1 showing 2.5-fold increase (p < 0.001) and LSM8 depicting 1.8-fold increase (p < 0.01) than those in the LSM.index-low group.Furthermore, elevated LSM gene expression was associated with increased cell division and RNA splicing pathway activity. Conclusions The LSM.index demonstrates potential as a prognostic marker for survival in patients with MCL. Elevated expression of LSM genes, particularly LSM1 and LSM8, may be linked to poor survival outcomes through their involvement in cell division and RNA splicing pathways. These findings suggest that LSM genes may contribute to the aggressive behavior of MCL and represent potential targets for therapeutic interventions.

Objective: To investigate the effects of glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) from the patients with double heterozygotes Hb Q-H and Hb J-Bangkok combined with β-thalassemia on the results of different HbA1c detection systems. Methods: Blood samples from 20 healthy adults and 20 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were collected to assess the results of five glycosylated hemoglobin detection systems. Blood samples from one Hb Q-H patient and one Hb J-Bangkok patient with β-thalassemia were also collected, and they were performed hemoglobin capillary electrophoresis with Capillarys2 and globin gene analysis by gap-PCR, PCR-RDB and DNA sequencing. The levels of HbA1c in all samples were detected by BioRad VARIANT Ⅱ (VⅡ), BioRad VARIANT ⅡTurbo2.0 (V Ⅱ-T2.0), Capillarys 2 Flex Piercing (C2FP), Primus Ultra2 (Ultra2) and Roche PPI 800 (PPI 800) glycosy lated hemoglobin detection instruments, respectively. For the samples with double heterozygotes, the levels of HbA1c were detected for 3 times each sample, and the results were preserved and analyzed. Results: The genotype of the Hb Q-H sample was --α QT /--SEA;β N /β N , and HbA1 CD74 G＞C mutation occurred in globin α1 chain, forming Hb Q-Thailand hemoglobin variant without normal α-globin peptide chain. The genotype of Hb J-Bangkok combined with β-thalassemia was αα/αα;βCD56/βCD41-42, and the point mutation of GGC＞GAC occurred at codon 56 of globin β-chain, forming Hb J-Bangkok hemoglobin variant without normal β-globin peptide chain. For the Hb Q-H sample, HbA1c results were reported by 3 of 5 HbA1c detection systems. The chromatograms of VⅡ and VⅡ-T2.0 detection systems were obviously different from normal chromatograms, and HbA1c results were not reported. However, the chromatograms of the C2FP system were similar to normal chromatograms, and the result of HbA1c was 3.7%. The Ultra2 system and PPI system reported the HbA1c results, 5.3% and 5.7%, respectively, without abnormal alarm. For the Hb J-Bangkok with β-thalassemia sample, HbA1c results were also reported by 3 of 5 HbA1c detection systems. The chromatograms of VⅡ and Sebia detection systems were obviously different from normal chromatograms, and HbA1c results were not reported. However, the chromatograms of VⅡ-T2.0 system were different from normal chromatograms, and a P4 peak (84.9%) was found. The HbA1c result was reported as 4.7%. The Ultra2 system and PPI system reported the HbA1c results, 4.7% and 3.8%, respectively, without abnormal alarm. Conclusion The samples from the Hb Q-H patient and the Hb J-Bangkok patient with β-thalassemia do not contain normal HbA, and there should be no HbA1c results. The chromatograms of VⅡ and VⅡ-T systems are obviously abnormal, indicating that the results can not be reported. The C2FP system is interfered obviously by Hb Q-H, but reports the HbA1c results, while it does not report the HbA1c results of Hb J-Bangkok combined with β-thalassemia. Both of Hb Q-H and Hb J-Bangkok have obvious interference to PPI and Ultra2 detection systems.

Quorum sensing (QS) plays a major role in the outbreak mechanism of foodborne diseases caused by food poisoning and food spoilage. QS affects the formation of cell membrane and pathogenicity ofpathogenic bacteria. Through the in-depth understanding of QS molecules of food-borne pathogens, we describe here the types of signal molecules produced by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, and the differences in QS molecules. Meanwhile, we introduce the detection of QS molecules by different technologies. According to the influence of QS on food, we propose also future research needs for the control of foodborne pathogenic bacteria.
Gram-Negative Bacteria ; Gram-Positive Bacteria ; Quorum Sensing

Objectives Explore the experiences of professor Li Shunmin in treating chronic kidney diseases (CKD) according to spleen and kidney theory.Methods Information of medical records was acquired from Shenzhen TCM hospital information management department. It included the records from Jan, 2014 to Mar, 2016. Access database was established and SQL was used for data processing. Cytoscape 2.8 software was used to visualize the results and analyze the treatment characteristics in CKD.Results ProfessorLi used herbs of nourishing spleen and kidney to treat CKD. The herbs included Astragalus membranaceus, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Rehmannia glutinosa and Gordon Euryale. The rules of treatment included invigorating spleen and kidney, and regulating liver and lung. The characteristics of using herbs included combination of cooling and warming herbs, bitter and pungent herbs, and sweet herbs for CKD.Conclusions Data mining could help to discover the rules of Li Shunmin in treating CKD. The results confirmed the academic attitude of treating CKD on spleen and kidney. It provided ideas and direction for CKD treatment.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of prenatal nicotine exposure on cardiac ejection function and myocardial fibrosis of the offspring of rats.METHODS Pregnant rats were sc given nicotine 6.0 mg· kg-1,once daily for 17 d.The body mass and heart mass of the offspring were detected at the 21th day of gestation,and 15 and 90 d after birth.Heart rate of 90 d offspring was recorded by ECG,and cardiac functions were detected by Doppler ultrasonography,including cardiac output (CO),stroke volume (SV),ejection fraction (EF),left ventricular long axis shortening fraction (FS),interventricular septum diastolic diameter (IVSd) and left ventricular posterior wall diastolic diameter (LVPWd).The myocardial ultrastructure was detected under an electron microscope.Masson staining was used to detect the myocardial collagen fiber deposition.The level of collagen protein type Ⅰ in heart tissue was detected by radioimmunoassay.RESULTS Compared with control group,prenatal nicotine exposure resulted in a decrease of heart mass and body mass in groups of 21 d fetal rats and 15 d offspring(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),but had no effect on the 90 d offspring.Compared with the normal control group,the heart rate of 90 d offspring increased [366+10 vs (418+10) min-1] (P＜0.05),CO,FS and EF decreased (P＜0.01),and IVSd and LVPWd increased (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Electron microscopy revealed that in the heart of nicotine 90 d offspring,myocardial fiber arrangement was loosened and confused,while extracellular matrix increased.Masson staining showed collagen deposited in the myocardium.The level of collagen type Ⅰ in heart tissue increased [0.59±0.09 vs (0.40±0.05) tμg·g-1 tissue] (P＜0.01).CONCLUSION Prenatal nicotine exposure induces the increased level of cardiac collagen type Ⅰ,myocardial fibrosis and decrease of cardiac ejection function in adult offspring,which may lead to increased susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases.

This study examined the dynamic characteristics of upper airway collapse at soft palate level in patients with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) by using dynamic 3-Dimensional (3-D) CT imaging. A total of 41 male patients who presented with 2 of the following symptoms, i.e., daytime sleepiness and fatigue, frequent snoring, and apnea with witness, were diagnosed as having OSAHS. They underwent full-night polysomnography and then dynamic 3-D CT imaging of the upper airway during quiet breathing and in Muller's maneuver. The soft palate length (SPL), the minimal cross-sectional area of the retropalatal region (mXSA-RP), and the vertical distance from the hard palate to the upper posterior part of the hyoid (hhL) were compared between the two breathing states. These parameters, together with hard palate length (HPL), were also compared between mild/moderate and severe OSAHS groups. Association of these parameters with the severity of OSAHS [as reflected by apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and the lowest saturation of blood oxygen (LSaO(2))] was examined. The results showed that 31 patients had severe OSAHS, and 10 mild/moderate OSAHS. All the patients had airway obstruction at soft palate level. mXSA-RP was significantly decreased and SPL remarkably increased during Muller's maneuver as compared with the quiet breathing state. There were no significant differences in these airway parameters (except the position of the hyoid bone) between severe and mild/moderate OSAHS groups. And no significant correlation between these airway parameters and the severity of OSAHS was found. The position of hyoid was lower in the severe OSAHS group than in the mild/moderate OSAHS group. The patients in group with body mass index (BMI)≥26 had higher collapse ratio of mXSA-RP, greater neck circumference and smaller mXSA-RP in the Muller's maneuver than those in group with BMI<26 (P<0.05 for all). It was concluded that dynamic 3-D CT imaging could dynamically show the upper airway changes at soft palate level in OSAHS patients. All the OSAHS patients had airway obstruction of various degrees at soft palate level. But no correlation was observed between the airway change at soft palate level and the severity of OSAHS. The patients in group with BMI≥26 were more likely to develop airway obstruction at soft palate level than those with BMI<26.

This study examined the dynamic characteristics of upper airway collapse at soft palate level in patients with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) by using dynamic 3-Dimensional (3-D) CT imaging.A total of 41 male patients who presented with 2 of the following symptoms,i.e.,daytime sleepiness and fatigue,frequent snoring,and apnea with witness,were diagnosed as having OSAHS.They underwent full-night polysomnography and then dynamic 3-D CT imaging of the upper airway during quiet breathing and in Muller's maneuver.The soft palate length (SPL),the minimal cross-sectional area of the retropalatal region (mXSA-RP),and the vertical distance from the hard palate to the upper posterior part of the hyoid (hhL) were compared between the two breathing states.These parameters,together with hard palate length (HPL),were also compared between mild/moderate and severe OSAHS groups.Association of these parameters with the severity of OSAHS [as reflected by apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and the lowest saturation of blood oxygen (LSaO2)] was examined.The results showed that 31 patients had severe OSAHS,and 10 mild/moderate OSAHS.All the patients had airway obstruction at soft palate level.mXSA-RP was significantly decreased and SPL remarkably increased during Muller's maneuver as compared with the quiet breathing state.There were no significant differences in these airway parameters (except the position of the hyoid bone) between severe and mild/moderate OSAHS groups.And no significant correlation between these airway parameters and the severity of OSAHS was found.The position of hyoid was lower in the severe OSAHS group than in the mild/moderate OSAHS group.The patients in group with body mass index (BMI)≥26 had higher collapse ratio of mXSA-RP,greater neck circumference and smaller mXSA-RP in the Muller's maneuver than those in group with BMI＜26 (P＜0.05 for all).It was concluded that dynamic 3-D CT imaging could dynamically show the upper airway changes at soft palate level in OSAHS patients.All the OSAHS patients had airway obstruction of various degrees at soft palate level.But no correlation was observed between the airway change at soft palate level and the severity of OSAHS.The patients in group with BMI≥26 were more likely to develop airway obstruction at soft palate level than those with BMI＜26.