Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the common malignant tumors of the digestive system, threatening human life and health. Microvascular invasion (MVI) is an important indicator reflecting the prognosis of HCC patients. The individualized treatment plan predicted and provided by MVI before surgery is of great significance to improve the long-term efficacy of HCC patients. Many studies have built various prediction models for MVI in HCC patients, such as logistic regression scoring models, nomogram models, radiomics models, and deep learning models based on clinical features, imaging features, radiomics, proteomics, and genomics. With the deepening of research, the accuracy of MVI prediction in patients with HCC has been continuously improved, which can also better guide the treatment of HCC.

Objective:To evaluate modified Lanza score (MLS) of gastric mucosa for predicting the prognosis of geriatric patients with sepsis.Methods:Data of 50 patients with sepsis, who were over 60 years old and underwent gastroscopy for suspected gastrointestinal bleeding in the Department of Geriatric Critical Care Medicine of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from January 2019 to April 2022, were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into the death group ( n=32) and the survival group ( n=18) according to their regression within 28 days after gastroscopy. Their gastric mucosa was scored by using MLS system, and the mortality of patients with MLS≥1 was calculated, then the patients were further divided into 2 groups, MLS=0-2 ( n=23, less than 2 regions of lesions ) and MLS=3-5 ( n=27, two or more regions of lesions). The relationship between MLS and acute physiology and chronic health status evaluation (APACHE) Ⅱ score, risk factor of death and mortality in each group were compared. The correlation between MLS and mortality was analyzed. The influence of geriatric sepsis risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients within 28 days were analyzed by using logistic regression. Results:Among the 50 geriatric patients with sepsis, those with gastric mucosal lesions, i.e., MLS ≥1, accounted for 68.00% (34/50), including 84.38% (27/32) patients with MLS≥1 in the death group, which was significantly higher than the 38.89% (7/18) patients with MLS≥1 in the survival group ( χ 2=10.593, P<0.001). Patients with MLS=3-5 had significantly higher APACHE Ⅱ scores (26.09±6.47 VS 18.57±7.66, t=3.527, P=0.001) and higher mortality [85.19% (23/27) VS 39.13% (9/23), χ 2=11.434, P=0.001] compared with MLS=0-2. Correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between MLS and mortality ( r=0.886, P=0.019). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that MLS=4-5 was an independent risk factor for death in geriatric patients with sepsis ( OR=17.055, 95% CI: 1.387-209.744, P=0.027). Conclusion:MLS presents high sensitivity in predicting 28-day outcomes for geriatric patients with sepsis. Two or more than 2 regions of gastric mucosal lesions can significantly increase the risk of death in geriatric patients with sepsis.

Ohjective To explore the impact of constraint-induced aphasia therapy (CIAT) on language function and neural activity in patients with chronic Broca's aphasia.Methods Two chronic aphasics whose use of language was recovering after standard language therapy were selected to receive 1.5 h of CIAT twice daily for two weeks (30 hours in total).Before and after the CIAT they were tested using a block-designed picture-naming task,fMRIs were taken and their use of language was examined.Results The language function assessments showed relatively large improvements in the subjects' use of language after 4 weeks of conventional language training,but not much further change after 8 and 12 weeks.After the two weeks of CIAT,their language function improved further to a certain extent.fMRI showed increased activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus with or without enhanced activation in the left hemisphere,and reduced activation in the right inferior frontal gyrus.Conclusions Functional reorganization induced in the brain by CIAT was associated with up-regulation of the left inferior frontal gyrus or down-regulation of the right inferior frontal gyrus.Even the whole language network may have been modified.

Objective To investigate the potential dose-response relationship between PCDD/Fs inhalational exposure and oxidative damage to DNA and lipid in foundry workers.Methods The participants were divided into three groups,including exposure group,administrator group and control group.The concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in air environment were determined by isotope dilution high resolution capillary column gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC-HRMS).The inhalational dose of PCDD/Fs were evaluated by Houmen's model.Urinary 8OHdG was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical detector (HPLC-ECD).Urinary 8-iso-PGF2a were determined by ELISA.Results The PCDD/Fs environmental concentrations of three groups (pg· TEQ/m) were 0.21 +0.08,0.03 ±0.01,0.0012 ±0.0007 (P＜0.05),respectively.The inhalational dose of exposure group (92.54 (32.90～264.49) fg· TEQ/kg· d) was 5.4 folds higher than the administrator group,and was 201 times more than control group.The levels of urinary 8-OHdG(nmol/L crea) of three groups were 3.25 (1.07～15.36),2.72(0.75～16.07),2.17(0.38～17.07) (P＜0.05) and the levels of urinary 8-iso-PGF2n (nmol/L crea)were 19.11(9.33～76.50),20.95(8.40～79.31),11.48(4.85～37.80)(P＜0.05),respectively.The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that there were significantly increased trend for levels of urinary 8-OHdG and 8-iso-PGF2a as PCDD/Fs exposure levels increased,after adjustment for age,sex,smoking statue,alcohol use and BMI (P＜0.01).Conclusion There was a dose-response relationship between PCDD/Fs inhalational exposure and oxidative damage in foundry workers.

Objective To investigate the potential dose-response relationship between PCDD/Fs inhalational exposure and oxidative damage to DNA and lipid in foundry workers.Methods The participants were divided into three groups,including exposure group,administrator group and control group.The concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in air environment were determined by isotope dilution high resolution capillary column gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC-HRMS).The inhalational dose of PCDD/Fs were evaluated by Houmen's model.Urinary 8OHdG was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical detector (HPLC-ECD).Urinary 8-iso-PGF2a were determined by ELISA.Results The PCDD/Fs environmental concentrations of three groups (pg· TEQ/m) were 0.21 +0.08,0.03 ±0.01,0.0012 ±0.0007 (P＜0.05),respectively.The inhalational dose of exposure group (92.54 (32.90～264.49) fg· TEQ/kg· d) was 5.4 folds higher than the administrator group,and was 201 times more than control group.The levels of urinary 8-OHdG(nmol/L crea) of three groups were 3.25 (1.07～15.36),2.72(0.75～16.07),2.17(0.38～17.07) (P＜0.05) and the levels of urinary 8-iso-PGF2n (nmol/L crea)were 19.11(9.33～76.50),20.95(8.40～79.31),11.48(4.85～37.80)(P＜0.05),respectively.The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that there were significantly increased trend for levels of urinary 8-OHdG and 8-iso-PGF2a as PCDD/Fs exposure levels increased,after adjustment for age,sex,smoking statue,alcohol use and BMI (P＜0.01).Conclusion There was a dose-response relationship between PCDD/Fs inhalational exposure and oxidative damage in foundry workers.

Nowadays, particulate air pollution has been a global environmental problem. Numerous studies has shown that long-term exposure to high level of airborne particulate matter (PM) can damage human health. Respiratory system, as a direct portal to contact with particulate matter, can be more susceptible to airborne particulates. Summarizing latest five-year epidemiological research, the present review is focused on the effects of PM on respiratory system health in different age groups. In detail, we investigated the harmful effect of PM, or its components on three common respiratory diseases, including lung function decline, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. The result showed that, to a certain degree, PM could induce the decline of lung function, the development and the exacerbation of COPD and asthma by oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction. And it may prompt that exposure to PM can be an improtant risk factor for the respiratory system health.

Nowadays, particulate air pollution has been a global environmental problem. Numerous studies has shown that long-term exposure to high level of airborne particulate matter (PM) can damage human health. Respiratory system, as a direct portal to contact with particulate matter, can be more susceptible to airborne particulates. Summarizing latest five-year epidemiological research, the present review is focused on the effects of PM on respiratory system health in different age groups. In detail, we investigated the harmful effect of PM, or its components on three common respiratory diseases, including lung function decline, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. The result showed that, to a certain degree, PM could induce the decline of lung function, the development and the exacerbation of COPD and asthma by oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction. And it may prompt that exposure to PM can be an improtant risk factor for the respiratory system health.

Objective To evaluate the activation patterns in the cortexes of expressive aphasics after stroke so as to explore the pathogenic mechanism of expressive aphasia.Methods Blood oxygen level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI) was the method of choice.It was administered to 9 subjects with expressive aphasia at 1 to 3 months post-stroke onset and to 10 healthy controls.Active areas in the patients' brains were observed using a block-designed picture-naming task,and language function was tested with the China Rehabilitation Research Center's aphasia examination (CRRCAE).The control group received BOLD-fMRI only.SPM8 software was used to process the fMRI data.Results Differences were observed in the mapping of activated areas between the two groups,but many activated areas showed no difference.Significant differences in activation were observed in areas associated with vision,language and cognition,including the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus,the bilateral superior temporal gyrus,the bilateral insula,the bilateral basal ganglia,the left superior frontal gyrus,the left middle frontal gyrus,the left precentral gyrus,the left thalamus,and the left middle temporal gyrus.All the patients had activated cortex regions associated with visual processing in the left and/or right hemisphere,such as the middle frontal gyrus,the middle temporal gyrus,the lingual gyrus and the fusiform gyrus.The activation volumes in the left hemisphere were significantly smaller than those in normal adults.Regions related to language such as the left inferior frontal gyrus (Broca's area),the left middle frontal gyrus,and the right inferior frontal gyrus (the mirror region of Broca's area) were activated in some of them.While the activation frequency,activated volume and activation intensity generally were all less in the patients than in the controls,the activation intensity in the right superior temporal gyrus,the bilateral superior parietal lobule and the left inferior temporal gyrus were stronger.Conclusions Language production may be associated with multiple,interconnected regions.The right hemisphere participates in natural language processing.Aphasia damages both linguistic and cognitive areas,reducing activation in Broca's aphasia.Activation areas in the left hemisphere and the right inferior frontal gyrus decrease significantly,while some regions in the right hemisphere are relatively more activated.The right inferior frontal gyrus may play a different role in language recovery at different periods of aphasia after stroke.

Objective To evaluate the effect and safety of intravenous (IV) thrombolysis, intra-arterial (IA) thrombolysis and mechanical adjuvant intra- arterial thrombolysis (IA + MA) in treating cardiogenic cerebral embolism. Methods A total of 66 patients with cardiogenic cerebral embolism were randomly divided into IV group (n = 25), IA group (n = 18), IA + MA group (n = 23). The artery recanalization rate, NIHSS score, GCS score, BI excellent rate, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage rate and mortality after different thrombolytic therapies were determined. The results were compared between each other among the three groups. Results In all three groups both the post-treatment NIHSS score and GCS score were significantly improved when compared with pre-treatment ones (P < 0.05). In IA + MA group the artery recanalization rate was 78.3%(18/23) and the BI excellent rate was 40%(10/25), which were significantly higher than those in IV group (P < 0.05). The symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage rate in IA group was 5.6%(1/18), which was strikingly lower than that in IV group (32%, 8/25). Analysis of the causes showed that the artery recanalization rate in patients with valvular heart disease or cardiac myxoma was rather lower, but the intracranial hemorrhage rate and mortality in these patients were much higher. Conclusion Thrombolytic therapy can improve neurological deficit in cardiogenic cerebral embolism, and the therapeutic effect of mechanical adjuvant intra- arterial thrombolysis is definitely better.

Objective To screen the factors that affect severity of language disorder in subcortex aphasia, and analyze its characteristics and therapeutic effect. Methods 10 moderate degree and 12 severe degree subcortex aphasics were evaluated with Chinese Rehabilitation Research Center Aphasia Examination (CRRCAE) and the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (BDAE) before and 4 weeks after language training. The factors affecting severity of subcortex aphasia and characteristics were analyzed before training, and effect of language training was examined before and after training. Results Severity of subcortex aphasia was related to age and the complication of apraxia of speech. There was a relatively high level in listening comprehension, reading, repeating and reading aloud abilities. After training, all kinds of language abilities improved significantly in moderate degree subcortex aphasics. Whereas, comprehension and verbal communication capabilities increased obviously, but written communication abilities advanced rarely in severe degree subcortex aphasics. Conclusion Age and the complication of aphasia of speech may be important factors influencing severity of language disorder in subcortex aphasia. There are specific clinical features in subcortex aphasia. Almost all language abilities can be improved by language training, but therapeutic effect is differrent between moderate degree and severe degree subcortex aphasics.