Antitumor drugs are considered pathogenic toxin-attacking agents， whose intense and biased pharmacological effects on the body may induce secondary pathological factors and subsequent pathological changes， that is， drug toxin. Its pathogenic features include rapid and marked impairment of healthy qi and constitution-dependent transformation. Zang-fu （脏腑） organs involvement is characterized by an early response of the middle jiao （焦）， later involvement of the kidney and marrow， and extension to the five zang organs， while its temporal evolution may manifest as acute injury， cumulative injury， and persistent or delayed injury. Cancer toxin， drug toxin， and deficiency of healthy qi interact to form a dynamically evolving complex pathogenic pattern. Clinically， treatment should take disease stage as the framework， toxin differentiation as the focus， and reinforcement of healthy qi as a principle throughout the course， while coordinating toxin reduction and elimination of cancer toxin with reinforcement of healthy qi. Furthermore， intervention against drug toxin should be initiated early and throughout the entire course of antitumor therapy. This framework may provide a theoretical basis for integrating traditional Chinese medicine throughout comprehensive cancer treatment.

Objective:To explore the sensitivity of intensity-modulated radiotherapy(IMRT)designed respectively by overlapping method and gradient optimization method on fixed field of whole brain and whole spinal cord of pediatric patients to positioning error.Methods:A retrospective study analyzed 10 pediatric patients who underwent radiotherapy on whole brain and whole spinal cord at The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University during December 1,2022 and January 1,2024.Overlapping method and gradient optimization method were respectively adopted to design IMRT plan for whole brain and whole spinal cord.The length of the merged region of the field was set as 10 cm.The positioning errors of±1 mm,±3 mm and±5 mm on head-foot direction that occurred in spinal cord segmentation and other isocenter field were simulated,and the flux optimization did not be conducted,and the dose distribution was recalculated.The exposure doses of D2%,D98%,V30Gy,homogeneity index(HI),conformity index(CI)and organ at risk(OAR)of target regions in the merged region of field were recorded and compared,thus the robustness of the two optimization methods were assessed.Results:The IMRT plan of whole brain and whole spinal cord that were designed respectively by overlapping method and gradient optimization method can meet the clinical requirements under the condition that did not introduced positioning error.With the increasing of positioning error,the changes of cold and hot spots(ΔD2%,ΔD98%and ΔV30 Gy)of doses in the merged region of field were more and more significant.In the merged region of field,theΔD2%,ΔD98%and ΔV30 Gy of the overlapping method were respectively 13.98%±3.29%,-17.26%±3.44%and-44.06%±9.17%,and those of the gradient optimization method were respectively 6.0%±0.75%,-6.31%±0.81%and-37.37%±4.3%when positioning error was 5 mm.The differences of them between the overlapping method and the gradient optimization method were statistically significant(t=-10.889,15.928,2.808,P<0.05).Conclusion:With increase of positioning error in the merged region of field of IMRT plan for whole brain and whole spinal cord,the gradient optimization method can effectively relieve the changes of the cold and hot spots in the merged region of field,and its each indicator was less than that of the overlapping method.Therefore,it can effectively improve the plan's robustness.

This paper summarizes the current status of research on the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),and points out that TCM has the advantages of being based on the holistic view and advocating the preven-tive treatment of diseases.The strategies of TCM in preventing and treating malignant tumors are proposed:first,it is necessary to clar-ify the leading or auxiliary treatment role in different stages of tumors and give full play to its strengths and advantages;second,find the characteristics of the superior and inferior populations and microscopic markers of tumor diagnosis and treatment to promote accurate di-agnosis and treatment;third,improve the overall diagnosis and treatment level of tumors by grasping the core pathogenesis and ensure clinical efficacy;fourth,incorporate modern medical therapy factors into the TCM tumor diagnosis and treatment system in order to in-tercept the disease;fifth,add TCM psychological intervention on the basis of the four-in-one holistic syndrome differentiation view to achieve harmony between body and spirit;sixth,improve the rehabilitation and health care system of tumors combined with traditional Chinese and Western medicine through the use of multiple methods to promote the recovery of diseases.In this way,the clinical effica-cy of TCM in preventing and treating tumors can be continuously improved,and the great goal of TCM in preventing and treating tumors and benefiting all mankind can be truly realized.

This paper summarizes the current status of research on the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),and points out that TCM has the advantages of being based on the holistic view and advocating the preven-tive treatment of diseases.The strategies of TCM in preventing and treating malignant tumors are proposed:first,it is necessary to clar-ify the leading or auxiliary treatment role in different stages of tumors and give full play to its strengths and advantages;second,find the characteristics of the superior and inferior populations and microscopic markers of tumor diagnosis and treatment to promote accurate di-agnosis and treatment;third,improve the overall diagnosis and treatment level of tumors by grasping the core pathogenesis and ensure clinical efficacy;fourth,incorporate modern medical therapy factors into the TCM tumor diagnosis and treatment system in order to in-tercept the disease;fifth,add TCM psychological intervention on the basis of the four-in-one holistic syndrome differentiation view to achieve harmony between body and spirit;sixth,improve the rehabilitation and health care system of tumors combined with traditional Chinese and Western medicine through the use of multiple methods to promote the recovery of diseases.In this way,the clinical effica-cy of TCM in preventing and treating tumors can be continuously improved,and the great goal of TCM in preventing and treating tumors and benefiting all mankind can be truly realized.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the inhibitory effect mechanism of Anzheng Kangliu Decoction against colorectal cancer by suppressing glycolysis through regulation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)signaling pathway.METHODS Human colorectal cancer SW620 cells were treated with Anzheng Kangliu De-coction,and cell proliferation and migration abilities were assessed.Forty-two BALB/c nude mice were randomly divided into a blank control group,model group,5-fluorouracil(5-FU)group(0.025 g·kg-1),Anzheng Kangliu Decoction low-dose group(7.67 g·kg-1),medium-dose group(15.34 g·kg-1),and high-dose group(30.68 g·kg-1).The inhibitory effect of Anzheng Kan-gliu Decoction on subcutaneous xenograft tumors was evaluated by observing body weight,tumor volume,tumor mass,HE staining,im-munohistochemical staining of Ki67 and other indicators.High-throughput transcriptome sequencing was performed to identify differen-tially expressed genes and pathways in tumor tissues between the model group and the Anzheng Kangliu Decoction medium-dose group,elucidating the potential mechanism of Anzheng Kangliu Decoction against colorectal cancer.Glucose and lactate assay kits were used to measure glucose consumption and lactate production in SW620 cells and tumor tissues after Anzheng Kangliu Decoction intervention.Western blot was employed to detect the expression levels of p-PI3K/PI3K,p-Akt/Akt,p-mTOR/mTOR,hexokinase 2(HK2),and lactate dehydrogenase A(LDHA)in SW620 cells and tumor tissues following Anzheng Kangliu Decoction treatment.RE-SULTS In vitro cell experiments demonstrated that,compared with the blank control group,Anzheng Kangliu Decoction intervention significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of SW620 cells(P<0.01),reduced glucose consumption and lactate production(P<0.05,P<0.01),and downregulated the protein expression levels of p-PI3K/PI3K,p-Akt/Akt,p-mTOR/mTOR,HK2,and LDHA(P<0.05,P<0.01).In vivo animal experiments revealed that,compared with the model group,Anzheng Kangliu Decoction suppressed the growth of subcutaneous xenograft tumors in nude mice(P<0.01),increased tumor tissue necrosis,decreased glucose consumption and lactate production in tumor tissues(P<0.05,P<0.01),and reduced the protein expression levels of p-PI3K/PI3K,p-Akt/Akt,p-mTOR/mTOR,HK2,and LDHA(P<0.05,P<0.01).CONCLUSION Anzheng Kangliu Decoction exerts an in-hibitory effect on colorectal cancer,and its mechanism may be associated with the suppression of glycolysis through regulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

To analyze the in vitro antibacterial effects of colistin (COL) or tigecycline (TGC) in combination with imipenem (IPM), amikacin (AMK), and cefoperazone-sulbactam (CSL) against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(CRAB), so as to provide evidence for screening effective combination regimens for clinical microbial infections.

Objective Using meta-analysis to identify the risk factors for slow-flow or no-reflow during percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)in patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction(AMI).Methods A computerized retrieval of academic papers concerning the risk factors for slow-flow or no-reflow during PCI in patients with ST-segment elevation AMI from the databases of CNKI,Wanfang Database,VIP,SinoMed,PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,and Cochrane Library was conducted.The retrieval time period was from the establishment of the database to January 2024.In order to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the study,two independent reviewers screened the literature according to the preset inclusion and exclusion criteria,extracted key data,and strictly evaluated the quality of the literature.RevMan5.4 software was used to make meta-analysis.Results A total of 23 articles with a total of 9 780 cases were included in this analysis.The results of meta-analysis showed that reperfusion time ≥6 h(OR=1.52),preoperative TIMI blood flow≤level-Ⅰ(OR=1.12),heavy thrombus burden(OR=1.60),advanced age(OR=1.56),diabetes(OR=1.83),preoperative Killip grade≥Ⅲ(OR=2.52),long target vessel disease(OR=1.95),and collateral flow≤level-Ⅰ(OR=1.61)were the risk factors for slow-flow or no-reflow during PCI in patients with ST-segment elevation AMI.Preoperative systolic blood pressure＜90 mmHg(OR=1.17)and high white blood cell(WBC)count(OR=1.27)were not the risk factors for slow-flow or no-reflow during PCI in patients with ST-segment elevation AMI.Conclusion Reperfusion time ≥ 6 h,preoperative TIMI blood flow≤level-Ⅰ,heavy thrombus burden,advanced age,diabetes,preoperative Killip grade≥level-Ⅲ,long target vessel lesion,and collateral blood flow≤level-Ⅰ are the independent risk factors for slow-flow or no-reflow during PCI in patients with ST-segment elevation AMI.

Depression is increasingly prevalent among adolescents and can profoundly impact their lives. However, the early detection of depression is often hindered by the time-consuming diagnostic process and the absence of objective biomarkers. In this study, we propose a novel approach for depression detection based on an affective brain-computer interface (aBCI) and the resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG). By fusing EEG features associated with both emotional and resting states, our method captures comprehensive depression-related information. The final depression detection model, derived through decision fusion with multiple independent models, further enhances detection efficacy. Our experiments involved 40 adolescents with depression and 40 matched controls. The proposed model achieved an accuracy of 86.54% on cross-validation and 88.20% on the independent test set, demonstrating the efficiency of multimodal fusion. In addition, further analysis revealed distinct brain activity patterns between the two groups across different modalities. These findings hold promise for new directions in depression detection and intervention.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adolescent ; Case-Control Studies ; Depression/diagnosis* ; Early Diagnosis ; Rest ; Electroencephalography/methods* ; Brain-Computer Interfaces ; Models, Psychological ; Reproducibility of Results ; Affect/physiology* ; Photic Stimulation/methods* ; Video Recording ; Brain/physiopathology*

OBJECTIVE To investigate the inhibitory effect mechanism of Anzheng Kangliu Decoction against colorectal cancer by suppressing glycolysis through regulation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)signaling pathway.METHODS Human colorectal cancer SW620 cells were treated with Anzheng Kangliu De-coction,and cell proliferation and migration abilities were assessed.Forty-two BALB/c nude mice were randomly divided into a blank control group,model group,5-fluorouracil(5-FU)group(0.025 g·kg-1),Anzheng Kangliu Decoction low-dose group(7.67 g·kg-1),medium-dose group(15.34 g·kg-1),and high-dose group(30.68 g·kg-1).The inhibitory effect of Anzheng Kan-gliu Decoction on subcutaneous xenograft tumors was evaluated by observing body weight,tumor volume,tumor mass,HE staining,im-munohistochemical staining of Ki67 and other indicators.High-throughput transcriptome sequencing was performed to identify differen-tially expressed genes and pathways in tumor tissues between the model group and the Anzheng Kangliu Decoction medium-dose group,elucidating the potential mechanism of Anzheng Kangliu Decoction against colorectal cancer.Glucose and lactate assay kits were used to measure glucose consumption and lactate production in SW620 cells and tumor tissues after Anzheng Kangliu Decoction intervention.Western blot was employed to detect the expression levels of p-PI3K/PI3K,p-Akt/Akt,p-mTOR/mTOR,hexokinase 2(HK2),and lactate dehydrogenase A(LDHA)in SW620 cells and tumor tissues following Anzheng Kangliu Decoction treatment.RE-SULTS In vitro cell experiments demonstrated that,compared with the blank control group,Anzheng Kangliu Decoction intervention significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of SW620 cells(P<0.01),reduced glucose consumption and lactate production(P<0.05,P<0.01),and downregulated the protein expression levels of p-PI3K/PI3K,p-Akt/Akt,p-mTOR/mTOR,HK2,and LDHA(P<0.05,P<0.01).In vivo animal experiments revealed that,compared with the model group,Anzheng Kangliu Decoction suppressed the growth of subcutaneous xenograft tumors in nude mice(P<0.01),increased tumor tissue necrosis,decreased glucose consumption and lactate production in tumor tissues(P<0.05,P<0.01),and reduced the protein expression levels of p-PI3K/PI3K,p-Akt/Akt,p-mTOR/mTOR,HK2,and LDHA(P<0.05,P<0.01).CONCLUSION Anzheng Kangliu Decoction exerts an in-hibitory effect on colorectal cancer,and its mechanism may be associated with the suppression of glycolysis through regulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

Based on the theory of circulation of qi,a theoretical model of the circulation of phase fire in the human body was con-structed.It is proposed that cancer toxicity is the key factor that triggers the disorder of phase fire and hinders the circulation of phase fire.The disorder of phase fire and poor circulation are important pathogenesis of the occurrence and development of cancer toxicity.With the principle of strengthening healthy qi and eliminating evil qi,the Wenzi Jiedu method is used to treat tumors,which plays an important role in warming and nourishing,regulating yin and yang,and eliminating cancer toxicity.The combination of war-ming,nourishing and detoxification can promote the return of the phase fire and make the human body's generation and transformation active,providing a new treatment idea for TCM diagnosis and treatment of tumors with mainly cold poison or mixed cold and heat.