ObjectiveTo analyze the current status, hotspot and development trends of rehabilitation technologies for post-stroke dysphagia (PSD). MethodsLiteratures related to rehabilitation technologies for PSD were retrieved from CNKI, VIP and Web of Science Core Collection from inception to July, 2025. Visualization analysis was conducted using CiteSpace 6.3.R1 and VOSviewer 1.2.20. ResultsA total of 1 265 articles were included, consisting of 794 Chinese and 471 English publications. The annual volume of Chinese literature peaked in 2019 (74 articles) and English literature peaked in 2022 (61 articles). Research hotspots included low-frequency surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, surface electromyography biofeedback and transcranial direct current stimulation. Keyword clustering and timeline analysis indicated that researches evolved from early traditional rehabilitation methods to the diversified and integrated application of combined rehabilitation technologies. ConclusionResearch on rehabilitation technologies for PSD is developing rapidly. Future efforts should focus on researches of multi-technology integration, individualized treatment protocols and long-term efficacy assessments.

ObjectiveTo analyze the current status, hotspot and development trends of rehabilitation technologies for post-stroke dysphagia (PSD). MethodsLiteratures related to rehabilitation technologies for PSD were retrieved from CNKI, VIP and Web of Science Core Collection from inception to July, 2025. Visualization analysis was conducted using CiteSpace 6.3.R1 and VOSviewer 1.2.20. ResultsA total of 1 265 articles were included, consisting of 794 Chinese and 471 English publications. The annual volume of Chinese literature peaked in 2019 (74 articles) and English literature peaked in 2022 (61 articles). Research hotspots included low-frequency surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, surface electromyography biofeedback and transcranial direct current stimulation. Keyword clustering and timeline analysis indicated that researches evolved from early traditional rehabilitation methods to the diversified and integrated application of combined rehabilitation technologies. ConclusionResearch on rehabilitation technologies for PSD is developing rapidly. Future efforts should focus on researches of multi-technology integration, individualized treatment protocols and long-term efficacy assessments.

ObjectiveTo analyze the current status, hotspot and development trends of rehabilitation technologies for post-stroke dysphagia (PSD). MethodsLiteratures related to rehabilitation technologies for PSD were retrieved from CNKI, VIP and Web of Science Core Collection from inception to July, 2025. Visualization analysis was conducted using CiteSpace 6.3.R1 and VOSviewer 1.2.20. ResultsA total of 1 265 articles were included, consisting of 794 Chinese and 471 English publications. The annual volume of Chinese literature peaked in 2019 (74 articles) and English literature peaked in 2022 (61 articles). Research hotspots included low-frequency surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, surface electromyography biofeedback and transcranial direct current stimulation. Keyword clustering and timeline analysis indicated that researches evolved from early traditional rehabilitation methods to the diversified and integrated application of combined rehabilitation technologies. ConclusionResearch on rehabilitation technologies for PSD is developing rapidly. Future efforts should focus on researches of multi-technology integration, individualized treatment protocols and long-term efficacy assessments.

ObjectiveTo analyze the protective effect of different types of influenza vaccines (InfV) against influenza A among the individuals aged between 3‒17 years old, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza in the future. MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted to collect data on the incidence and InfV vaccination of the individuals aged between 3‒17 years during the influenza epidemic season from 2022 to 2023. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated, and a log-binomial regression model was used to calculate the corrected VE. ResultsThe incidence rate of influenza in InfV vaccinated and un-vaccinated groups was 7.32% (1 937/ 26 446) and 9.65% (4 421/45 837), respectively. After adjusting for age and gender factors, the unadjusted VE (95%CI) was 54.57% (52.24%‒56.78%). The unadjusted VE (95%CI) was 53.66% (50.36%‒56.74%) for males and 55.60% (52.24%‒58.72%) for females, respectively. The unadjusted VE (95%CI) for the age group of 3‒ years, 6‒ years, 9‒ years, 12‒ years, and 15‒17 years were 64.08% (60.89%‒67.01%), 57.40% (53.71%‒60.80%), 57.77% (52.49%‒62.47%), 24.36% (9.49%‒36.79%), and 24.09% (-17.59%‒51.00%), respectively. The unadjusted VE (95%CI) for quadrivalent split-virion inactivated influenza vaccine, trivalent split-virion inactivated influenza vaccine, trivalent subunit influenza vaccine, and trivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine were 53.84% (51.32%‒56.24%), 62.17% (56.28%‒67.26%), 79.83% (69.94%‒86.46%), and 31.59% (19.07%‒42.18%), respectively. ConclusionThe InfV used during the 2022‒2023 influenza season had a good protective effect against influenza A among the individuals aged between 3‒17 years old, especially in those aged between 3‒11 years old.

This paper summarized the characteristics of constitution， disease， and syndrome of five different phenotypes of bronchial asthma including allergic asthma， cough variant asthma， chest tightness variant asthma， psychological stress asthma， and hormone-dependent asthma， and systematically expounds the application of three-dimensional diagnosis and treatment pattern， that is differentiation of constitution， disease and syndromes in the five phenotypes of bronchial asthma. It is considered that the allergic constitution is the main one of bronchial asthma， which is usually combined with the constitutions of qi-deficiency， yin-deficiency， yang-deficiency， qi-stagnation and others. In the treatment of bronchial asthma， constitution， disease and syndromes should all be taken into account but applied flexibly according to the order of the urgency and priority. The three-dimensional diagnosis and treatment pattern can reflect the essential characteristics and clinical panorama of bronchial asthma more comprehensively and objectively and provide effective intervention measures and management programs for the prevention and treatment by traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective:To evaluate the feasibility and the application values of quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) for the assessment of meniscal injury and in distinguishing meniscus degeneration and tears.Methods:The clinical and imaging data of 70 patients suspected of meniscus injury and scheduled for arthroscopy in Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University from November 2019 to June 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Thirty age-and sex-matched healthy subjects were also examined as controls. All subjects received knee joint QSM and routine MR imaging. According to the results of arthroscopy, the patients was divided into meniscus degeneration and meniscus tear groups, respectively. The conventional MR was evaluated by two radiologists. The meniscus injury area was delineated on the original QSM magnitude images (the central area of the posterior corner of the lateral meniscus was selected in the healthy controls) and mapped to the corresponding QSM maps, and the magnetic susceptibility values were measured. Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to analyze the magnetic sensitivity values of meniscal degeneration, meniscal tear and healthy control groups; and Bonferroni was used to correct the pairwise comparison. ROC curve was established to evaluate the threshold and efficacy of magnetic susceptibility value in the diagnosis of meniscal tear. The results were compared with those of conventional MRI. Results:The magnetic susceptibility values of meniscus of healthy controls, meniscal degeneration and meniscal tear groups were (0.035±0.016)ppm, -0.031(-0.040,-0.005)ppm, and(-0.122±0.115)ppm, respectively, with significant difference found among the three groups (χ2=44.419, P<0.05). The magnetic susceptibility values of meniscus of healthy controls was significantly higher than those of meniscus degeneration patients and meniscus tear patients (χ2=-23.843, -48.253, P<0.05). The magnetic susceptibility values of meniscus of meniscus tear group was significant lower than those of meniscus degeneration group (χ2=-24.410, P<0.05). Taking magnetic susceptibility values of -0.062 5 ppm as threshold, the area under the ROC curve for the diagnosis of meniscal tears was 0.949, with the sensitivity as 87% and the specificity as 100%. The sensitivity and specificity of conventional MRI in the diagnosis of meniscal tears were 86.8% and 87.5%, respectively. Conclusion:QSM can quantitatively evaluate meniscus injury and can be used as an effective supplement method to conventional MRI, which is helpful to improve the diagnosis of meniscus tear.

Objective To analyze the difference of echocardiography in patients with chronic Keshan disease (CKD) at different altitudes areas,explore the effects of altitude on the structure and functional of right heart in CKD patients,and provide a reference for imaging diagnosis of CKD.Methods According to the three step distribution of the terrain in China,30 cases of CKD patients in the first step (altitude ＞ 4 000 m) of Tibet autonomous region were randomly selected as the Tibetan plateau group.In the second step (altitude:1 000-2 000 m),31 cases were randomly selected in Gansu Province as the Loess plateau group.In the third step (altitude ＜ 500 m),42 cases were randomly selected in Shandong Province as the plain group.Echocardiography was used to analyze the morphology,hemodynamics and function of right heart.Results Right atrial transverse diameter (RATD),right ventricular transverse diameter (RVTD),right ventricular lateral wall thickness (RVWT) and main pulmonary artery diameter (MPAD) of the Tibetan plateau group,the Loess plateau group and the plain group (mm:49.75 ± 8.40,45.64 ± 7.63,43.56 ± 7.34;50.89 ± 7.13,46.56 ± 5.62,43.27 ± 6.01;4.75 ± 1.02,3.53 ± 0.61,3.37 ± 0.51;32.87 ± 3.62,28.93 ± 2.12,28.44 ± 2.71) were significant differences among the three groups (F =5.36,12.91,37.08,23.33,P ＜ 0.01).The above indexes of the Tibetan plateau group were higher than those of the Loess plateau group and the plain group (P ＜ 0.05).RVTD of Loess plateau group was higher than that of plain group (P ＜ 0.05).The fractional area change [FAC,(24.85 ± 2.75)％,(26.26 ± 3.42)％,(26.73 ± 3.14)％],tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion [TAPSE,(12.87 ± 1.12),(14.59 ± 1.63),(14.13 ± 1.31) mm] of the Tibetan plateau group,the Loess plateau group and the plain group were significant differences among the three groups (F =3.36,13.47,P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01);the above indexes of the Tibetan plateau group were lower than those of the Loess plateau group and the plain group (P ＜ 0.05).Tei index (0.87 ± 0.18,0.78 ± 0.16,0.71 ± 0.14),tricuspid flap diastolic maximum filling speed/tricuspid annulus early diastolic peak velocity (E/E',9.48 ± 1.22,8.64 ± 0.91,8.12 ± 1.13),systolic pulmonary artery pressure [SPAP,(49.58 ± 11.76),(44.35 ± 11.41),(42.67 ± 12.13) mmHg,1 mmHg =0.133 kPa] of the Tibetan plateau group,the Loess plateau group and the plain group were significant differences among the three groups (F =12.89,13.99,3.12,P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05);the Tei index and E/E'of the Tibetan plateau group were higher than those of the Loess plateau group and the plain group (P ＜ 0.05).Tei index,E/E'of the Loess plateau group were higher than those of the plain group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The right heart structure and function of CKD patients are affected by the altitude of their residence.With the increase of altitude,the right heart is enlarged,the right ventricular systolic and diastolic functions are decreased,and SPAP is increased in CKD patients.

Objective To observe the surface electromyography (sEMG) characteristics of pharyngeal swallowing muscles in different swallowing modes in asymptomatic lacunar infarction (LI) patients. Methods From January, 2015 to January, 2017, a total of 32 asymptom-atic LI patients (LI group) aged over 60 years were consecutively collected, and 30 normal old subjects matched with age and gender (nor-mal group) were also enrolled. The amplitudes of sEMG activity of infrahyoid muscles and submental muscles in different swallowing modes were recorded, and the root mean square (RMS) was analyzed. Results Significant difference was found in both muscle groups in dif-ferent swallowing modes in both groups (F>110.67, P<0.001). There was no significance in the RMS in both two muscle groups in rest and dry swallowing modes between two groups (t<1.484, P>0.05). In the 20 ml water swallowing mode, the RMS was lower in the submental muscles in the LI group than in the normal group (t=3.334, P<0.01), and no significant difference was found in the infrahyoid muscles (t=1.871, P>0.05). In the 100 ml continuous drinking mode, the RMSs were significantly lower in both two muscle groups in LI group than in the normal group (t>3.118, P<0.01). Conclusion Swallow abilities decrease in asymptomatic LI. sEMG could be used to evaluate their swallowing function.

Objective To assess the optimal visiualization capacity of brachial plexus with three-dimensional nerve-sheath signal increased with inked rest-tissue rapid acquisition of relaxation imaging (3D SHINKEI), exploring the feasibility of preliminary diagnostic value on brachial plexus diseases. Methods MRI scans were performed on 24 healthy volunteers with no history of brachial plexus injury, and 46 patients whose outcomes of lesions had been verified as post-ganglionic brachial plexus injuries by surgery or clinical follows-up . The scan series consist 3D SHINKEI, STIR in the coronal plane as well as DW-MRN in the axial plane using a 3.0 T MR system. The source and post-processed images of 3D SHINKEI and DW-MRN were scored according to the optimal visibility on brachial plexus, in the meanwhile, contrast-to-noise ratio of the original images in the 3D SHINKEI and STIR sequences were calculated separately. Two radiologists blindly compared the detection rate of positive brachial plexus injuries between 3D SHINKEI and STIR in 46 patients. And then analyze the outcomes by means of Kappa test, Mann-Whitney test , independent sample t test, and Chi-square test. Results Post-ganglionic brachial plexus showed high intensity in the 3D SHINKEI sequence. In the 24 healthy volunteers, the scores by the two radiologists were 3.6 ± 0.6, 3.5 ± 0.6, 3.0 ± 0.2, 2.9 ± 0.1, respectively. There was statistical difference between the two sequences (Z=2.667,P=0.008,P<0.05). And the Kappa was 0.8 and 0.6 with favorable consistency. The CNR of 3D SHINKEI and STIR were 0.61 ± 0.07, 0.42 ± 0.03 (t=12.78, P=0.001, P<0.05). The positive detection rates of post-ganglionic brachial plexus injuries on 3D SKINKEI and STIR were, 78.3%, 52.2%(χ2=9.421, P<0.05). Conclusions 3D SHINKEI sequence demonstrates robust visibility consistently and can clearly display the structures and signals of post-ganglionic abnormality, compared with DW-MRN and STIR. This technique can be helpful to provide more complementary information to further confirm the diagnosis of brachial plexus injuries.

PURPOSE: Periostin mediates critical steps in gastric cancer and is involved in various signaling pathways. However, the roles of periostin in promoting gastric cancer metastasis are not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the relevance between periostin expression and gastric cancer progression and the role of stress-related hormones in the regulation of cancer development and progression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Normal, cancerous and metastatic gastric tissues were collected from patients diagnosed with advanced gastric cancer. The in vivo expression of periostin was evaluated by in situ hybridization and immunofluorescent staining. Meanwhile, human gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines MKN-45 and BGC-803 were used to detect the in vitro expression of periostin by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blotting. RESULTS: Periostin is expressed in the stroma of the primary gastric tumors and metastases, but not in normal gastric tissue. In addition, we observed that periostin is located mainly in pericryptal fibroblasts, but not in the tumor cells, and strongly correlated to the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (SMA). Furthermore, the distribution patterns of periostin were broader as the clinical staging of tumors progressed. We also identified a role of stress-related signaling in promoting cancer development and progression, and found that isoprenaline upregulated expression levels of periostin in gastric cancer cells. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the distribution pattern of periostin was broader as the clinical staging of the tumor progressed and found that isoprenaline upregulated expression levels of periostin in gastric cancer cells.
Adenocarcinoma/*metabolism/pathology ; Adrenergic beta-Agonists/pharmacology ; Aged ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Adhesion Molecules/drug effects/*metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Fibroblasts/*metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/*drug effects ; Humans ; Isoproterenol/*pharmacology ; Male ; Neoplasm Staging ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Signal Transduction ; Stomach/metabolism/pathology ; Stomach Neoplasms/*metabolism/pathology ; Up-Regulation