Objective To explore the feasibility of magnetic compression technique (MCR) in the treatment of severe single mid-ureteral stricture in a rabbit model. Methods After 10 female New Zealand rabbits were selected, the distal end of the right ureter was ligated with silk thread. Two weeks after the operation, when the right ureter was dilated, the mid-ureter was ligated again with silk thread to create a severe single mid-ureteral stricture animal model. Longitudinal incisions were made at the upper and lower ends of the ligation site, and cylindrical NdFeB magnets with central holes (sub-magnets and main magnets) were placed to anastomose and recanalize the mid-ureteral stricture. The magnets were adjusted to the appropriate position to automatically align and attract each other. The longitudinal incision sites of the ureter were sutured with 6-0 Prolene thread, and the abdominal cavity was closed layer by layer. The operation time was recorded. X-ray films were taken every two days to confirm the position of the magnets and record the time of magnet detachment. Three weeks after the operation, the anastomotic specimens were obtained, and the formation of the anastomosis was evaluated with gross observation and histological staining. Results Two weeks after ligation, all experimental rabbits showed obvious dilation of the right ureter. The mid-ureteral ligation and placement of the male and female magnets were successfully completed in all 10 experimental rabbits, with an operation time of (24.00±5.15)minutes. The male and female magnets attracted each other well. X-ray examination showed that the magnets detached and entered the distal ureter (14.0±1.9) days after magnetic compression. The recanalization of the severe single mid-ureteral stricture was successfully achieved. The gross specimens and histological examination of the anastomosis showed that the anastomosis remained patent and the mucosal healing was good. All experimental rabbits survived well after the operation without serious complications. Conclusion MCT provides a new idea and novel method for the treatment of mid-ureteral stricture. This study confirmed the feasibility of this technique in treating severe single mid-ureteral stricture in a rabbit model. The operation is relatively simple and has potential for clinical application.

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder characterized by impaired neuromuscular transmission. Thymectomy is one of the therapeutic options for acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive myasthenia gravis patients. The quality of perioperative care is directly associated with surgical safety and patient outcomes. However, there is currently a lack of specialized nursing consensus or guidelines specifically addressing the care of these patients domestically or internationally. To promote the standardization and normalization of perioperative nursing care for myasthenia gravis patients undergoing thymectomy and to ensure treatment efficacy, a panel of 57 experts from relevant fields was convened. Based on evidence-based medicine and clinical practice experience, discussions were held on various aspects including condition assessment, nutritional support, medication management, and airway care, resulting in a consensus with 18 final recommendations by using the Delphi method through two rounds of expert consultation. This consensus aims to provide a scientific reference for the perioperative nursing care of myasthenia gravis patients undergoing thymectomy.

Background: and Purpose Vertebrobasilar fusiform aneurysms (VBFAs) carry substantial morbidity and mortality, but optimal management for unruptured VBFAs remains unclear. We compared the safety and efficacy of conservative management (CM), stent-assisted coiling (SAC), and flow diverters (FDs) in patients with unruptured VBFAs, focusing on long-term prognosis. Methods: This study included data from a nationwide Chinese cohort of patients with vertebrobasilar dissecting aneurysms. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) balanced confounders across groups. The primary outcome was poor prognosis (modified Rankin Scale score >2). Secondary outcomes included aneurysm rupture, ischemic stroke, compression symptoms, and VBFA-related deaths. Logistic regression estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed. Results: Among 1,115 patients with unruptured VBFAs, 838 (median age, 54 years; 655 men) were included. After IPTW, baseline characteristics were balanced. Median follow-up was 54 months. FD was associated with a lower risk of poor prognosis than CM (OR, 0.48 [95% CI, 0.30 to 0.77]; p=0.002), with no difference between CM and SAC. FD also reduced aneurysm rupture (OR, 0.20 [95% CI, 0.07 to 0.60]; p=0.004) and compression symptoms (OR, 0.30 [95% CI, 0.13 to 0.68]; p=0.004) versus CM. Time-to-event analyses further revealed significant differences in vertebral artery lesions and Type I–II VBFAs, whereas no significant differences were observed in basilar or vertebrobasilar junction lesions or in Type III–IV VBFAs. Conclusions Compared with CM, FD was associated with improved long-term outcomes in unruptured VBFAs, particularly in vertebral artery lesions and Type I–II VBFAs, although residual confounding cannot be excluded.

Objective:To investigate the nutritional risk status of children in PICU and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:From July 2021 to February 2023,all children aged 1 to 18 years admitted to PICU of Beijing Children's Hospital were investigated by using the pediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Scoring tool(PYMS)and the clinical data questionnaire.Results:A total of 492 children in PICU were enrolled.The first nutritional risk screening results showed that there were 32 cases of no/low nutritional risk(6.5%),76 cases of medium risk(15.4%),and 384 cases of high risk(78.1%).The incidence of medium/high nutritional risk was as high as 93.5%.The PYMS score of nutritional risk in PICU was(2.61±1.42).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that weight,fever time before admission,white blood cells,body mass index,primary diagnosis,father's education,and diet before illness were the main influencing factors of nutritional risk of children in PICU(P<0.05).Conclusion:Children in PICU are in a state of high nutritional risk.It is suggested that children in PICU should carry out nutritional screening in a standardized manner,identify children with high nutritional risk and its influencing factors early.To actively conduct nutritional assessment and nutritional intervention could improve the clinical outcome of children in PICU.

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI),how to digitize the teaching of Medical Immunology is a new challenge posed by the times and education.This study is based on the advanced teaching model of Medical Immunology,which includes lectures-PAD class-flipped classrooms-expert lecture.By introducing knowledge mapping and AI teaching assistant into the entire learning process,the students not only deepen their understanding of the knowledge system of Medical Immunology,but also ex-ercise their ability to apply immunological knowledge to solve practical clinical problems,enhance their self-learning ability,expres-sion ability,communication ability,on-site performance ability,and cultivate a spirit of unity,cooperation,and exploration.The practice of empowering Medical Immunology teaching with digital intelligence achieves the integration of theory and application,the linkage between in class and out of class teaching,the connection between commonalities and individualities,and the union of abili-ties and qualities in Medical Immunology teaching.It also provides practical basis for exploring the implementation path of digital intel-ligence empowerment in Medical Immunology teaching.

Objective:To explore the effect of multiple modified process management intervention on cardiac func-tion,psychological state,stress level,sleep quality and adverse events in patients with severe coronary atherosclerot-ic heart disease(CHD).Methods:This randomized controlled study enrolled 130 severe CHD patients who were treated in Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital of Capital Medical University between January 2020 and May 2023.Patients were randomly divided into control group(n=65)and intervention group(n=65).Patients in the control group were treated with routine management intervention,while those in the intervention group were given addi-tional multiple modified process management interventions.Both groups were intervened for 4 weeks.Cardiac func-tion,levels of norepinephrine(NE)and cortisol(COR),scores of Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS),General Comfort Questionnaire(GCQ),Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),and the incidence of adverse events during intervention were compared between the two groups.Results:Compared to those in control group after intervention,patients in intervention group had significant higher left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)[(57.81±2.15)％vs.(50.11±2.99)％]and GCQ score[(95.88±5.37)points vs.(75.81±6.67)points](P＜0.001 all),and significant lower left ventricular end-diastolic volume(LVEDV)[(109.81±5.37)ml vs.(129.26±5.17)ml],left ventricular end-systolic volume(LVESV)[(50.85±3.08)ml vs.(66.02±3.77)ml],levels of NE[(61.56±5.49)pg/ml vs.(69.86±5.03)pg/ml],COR[(85.63±5.19)ng/ml vs.(92.28±6.57)ng/ml],scores of SAS[(30.06±5.19)points vs.(49.51±5.85)points],SDS[(31.86±4.51)points vs.(40.00±5.10)points]and PSQI[(8.72±1.58)points vs.(13.89±2.40)points],and incidence of ad-verse events(4.69％vs.23.44％)(P＜0.01 all).Conclusion:The multiple modified process management interven-tion may improve the cardiac function,adverse psychological state,stress level,sleep quality and reduce the inci-dence of adverse events in patients with severe CHD.

Objective:To investigate the prognostic value of aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) immunohistochemical expression in adrenal specimens for surgical outcomes of primary aldosteronism (PA).Methods:The clinical data of 99 patients who underwent total unilateral adrenalectomy from June 2022 to January 2023 at Beijing Anzhen Hospital was retrospectively analysed. The clinical data of 99 patients who underwent unilateral total adrenalectomy at Beijing Anzhen Hospital from June 2022 to January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.There were 59 patients in the PA group, age (53.02±10.56) years, body mass index (BMI) (26.28±4.33) kg/m 2, preoperative aldosterone 29.0(15.9, 61.5)ng/dl, plasma renin 1.3(0.6, 2.8)μIU/ml, aldosterone renin ratio (ARR) 19.3(9.1, 59.2) μg/μIU, preoperative potassium (3.60±0.69) mmol/L, and systolic blood pressure (156.54±21.39) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa).There were 40 cases in the nonfunctioning adenoma (NFA) group, age (57.23±9.39) years, BMI (27.07±3.46) kg/m 2, preoperative aldosterone 9.0(7.2, 14.1) ng/dl, plasma renin 18.0(5.2, 47.6)μIU/ml, ARR 0.6(0.2, 1.4) μg/μIU, preoperative potassium (4.17±0.41) mmol/L, and systolic blood pressure (157.97±26.87) mmHg. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant for potassium ( P<0.01), aldosterone ( P=0.012), renin ( P<0.01), and ARR ( P<0.01).Surgical outcomes were assessed using the Consensus on the Outcome of Surgery for Primary Aldosteronism (PASO) (complete/partial/no success for clinical and biochemical outcomes). CYP11B2 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry using the 2022 World Health Organization's histopathology of primary aldosteronism (HISTALDO) criteria. The correlation between the expression of CYP11B2 and surgical outcomes was assessed. Results:The mean follow-up of 99 patients was (11.73±4.92) months. Of these, 36 out of 59 PA patients had positive CYP11B2 expression in their adrenal specimens, while 23 were negative; all 40 NFA patients were negative for CYP11B2. Among the 36 CYP11B2-positive PA patients, there were 19 cases of aldosterone-producing adenomas, 3 aldosterone-producing nodules, 4 aldosterone-producing micronodules, 8 multiple aldosterone-producing micronodules, and 2 aldosterone-producing diffuse hyperplasia. 36 cases of CYP11B2-positive PA patients had complete clinical success in 15 cases, partial success in 20 cases, and no success in 1 case, and complete biochemical success in 24 cases, partial success in 11 cases, and no success in 1 case; 23 CYP11B2-negative PA patients had complete clinical success in 4 cases, partial success in 15 cases, and no success in 4 cases, and complete biochemical success in 6 cases, partial success in 15 cases, and no success in 2 cases. Adrenal specimens from CYP11B2-positive PA patients had significantly better clinical ( P=0.038) and biochemical ( P=0.008) success rates than CYP11B2-negative PA patients. Patients with aldosterone-producing adenomas had complete clinical success in 8 cases, partial success in 11 cases, and no success in 0 cases, and biochemical success was completely achieved in 16 cases, partially achieved in 2 cases, and not successful in 1 case. They also had significantly higher clinical ( P=0.028) and biochemical ( P<0.01) success rates compared to CYP11B2-negative PA patients. Conclusions:Patients with PA who had immunohistochemical staining for CYP11B2 positivity and high expression in adrenal specimens had a better postoperative clinical and biochemical prognosis. Patients with aldosterone-producing adenomas had the greatest postoperative outcome of all pathological subtypes of PA.

With the deepening of molecular biology and cell biology research,the regulatory mechanism of autophagy has been gradually revealed,providing new ideas for the treatment of numerous diseases.Autophagy may be closely related to pathological changes such as apoptosis resistance of fibroblast-like synoviocytes,disturbances in bone metabolic homeostasis,and antigen presentation,the regulation of autophagy homeostasis may be an important approach for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis(RA).In this paper,we provide a review on the pathological mechanism of autophagy in RA,with a view to providing a theoretical basis for later studies.

With the deepening of molecular biology and cell biology research,the regulatory mechanism of autophagy has been gradually revealed,providing new ideas for the treatment of numerous diseases.Autophagy may be closely related to pathological changes such as apoptosis resistance of fibroblast-like synoviocytes,disturbances in bone metabolic homeostasis,and antigen presentation,the regulation of autophagy homeostasis may be an important approach for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis(RA).In this paper,we provide a review on the pathological mechanism of autophagy in RA,with a view to providing a theoretical basis for later studies.