Objective By observing the regulatory effect of Strengthening Spleen and Eliminating Cancer Formula on N6-methyladenosine(m6A)methyltransferase,To explore the effect of Strengthening Spleen and Eliminating Cancer Formula on inhibiting the IRX5 m6A level in colorectal cancer(CRC),the regulatory effect on N6-methyladenosine(m6A)methyltransferase was observed.Methods Clinically,m6A hypermethylated genes in colorectal cancer was analyzed by m6A sequencing of pathological tissues from five CRC patients after radical surgery,looking for protein detection indexes for validation.23 BALB/c nude mice were selected and injected with HCT116 cells to establish a nude-mouse transplantation model of human colorectal cancer.They were divided into Model group,Western medicine group(5-fluorouracil group),Chinese medicine group(Jianpi Xiaoai Formula low-dose group,Jianpi Xiaoai Formula high-dose group),with 6 rats in each group,5 rats in control group.The tumor volume of all groups was compared.The overall methylation level of m6A was detected by colorimetric method.The protein expression levels of METTL3,METTL14,and WTAP,in tumor were detected by Western blot.The SRAMP website was used to predict the m6A sites of IRX5.HCT116 cells were treated with oe-NC,oe-METTL3,sh-NC,and sh-METTL3.The expression of IRX5 protein was detected by Western blot.HCT116 cell line was treated with Jianpi Xiaoai Formula drug-containing serum,and transfected with oe-METTL3 and oe-IRX5.The group was set as followed:control group,Jianpi Xiaoai Formula drug-containing serum group,Jianpi Xiaoai Formula drug-containing serum group+oe-NC,Jianpi Xiaoai Formula drug-containing serum group+oe-METTL3,Jianpi Xiaoai Formula drug-containing serum group+oe-IRX5,cell cloning experiment and Transwell experiment were performed to detect cell proliferation,migration and invasion ability of each group.The protein expression levels of METTL3 and IRX5 were detected by Western blot.Results The results of m6A sequencing of genes showed that the m6A methylation level increased in patients with CRC,and the m6A methylation levels of SOX1 and IRX5 were significantly elevated.Compared with the model group,the tumor volume of Jianpi Xiaoyou Formula high-dose group,low-dose group and 5-Fu group decreased significantly(P<0.01),and the tumor inhibition effect was more obvious with the increase of Jianpi Xiaoai Formula concentration(P<0.01).The methylation level of m6A in Jianpi Xiaoai Formula high dose group,low dose group and 5-Fu group decreased significantly(P<0.01).The SRAMP website predicted that IRX5 contained multiple m6A sites.Overexpression of METTL3 promoted the expression of IRX5 protein(P<0.001),while knockdown of METTL3 inhibited the expression of IRX5 protein(P<0.001).The drug-containing serum of Jianpi Xiaoai Formula could inhibit the protein expression of METTL3 and IRX5(P<0.05)and inhibit the proliferation,migration and invasion of HCT116(P<0.01).Overexpression of METTL3 and IRX5 reversed the inhibitory effect of Jianpi Xiaoai Formula on HCT116 evil phenotype(P<0.01).Conclusion Jianpi Xiaoai Formula may inhibit METTL3 expression mediated IRX5 low expression to inhibit the progression of colorectal cancer.

AIM To investigate the improvement effects of Poria cocos polysaccharides(PCPs)on mouse nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).METHODS Forty-eight C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the blank group,the model group,the simvastatin group(4 mg/kg)and the high,medium and low dose PCPs groups(200,100 and 50 mg/kg),with 8 mice in each group.The NAFLD model was reproduced by 16 weeks feeding of high-fat and high-cholesterol diet,followed by 8 weeks administration of corresponding drug by gavage.The mice had their body mass and liver coefficient assessed;their levels of hepatic free fatty acid(FFA),and serum total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),γ-glutamyltransferase(γ-GT)and malondialdehyde(MDA)detected;their hepatic pathological changes and lipid deposition observed using HE staining,NAFLD activity score(NAS)and oil red O staining;and their hepatic protein expressions of Akt,mTOR,p-Akt,p-mTOR and SREBP-1c detected by Western blot.RESULTS Compared with the blank group,the model group demonstrated all increased body weight,liver coefficient,hepatic FFA level,and serum TC,TG,LDL-C,AST,ALT,γ-GT,MDA,IL-1β and TNF-α.levels(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);decreased HDL-C level and activities of SOD and GSH-Px(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);more obvious hepatic pathological damage as revealed by increased NAS score(P＜0.01)and increased lipid deposition area(P＜0.01).Compared with the model group,the groups intervened with high or medium dose PCPs,or simvastatin displayed decreased body weight,liver coefficient,hepatic FFA level,and serum TC,TG,LDL-C,AST,ALT,γ-GT,MDA,IL-1β and TNF-α levels(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);increased HDL-C level and SOD,GSH-Px activities(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);decreased hepatic pathological damage as revealed by the decreased NAS score and lipid deposition area(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);and decreased hepatic protein expressions of p-Akt,p-mTOR and SREBP-1c protein(P＜0.05)as well.CONCLUSION PCPs can improve mouse NAFLD,and its mechanism may lie in their function in reversing abnormal lipid metabolism via Akt/mTOR/SREBP-1c signaling pathway.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of 4 novel inflammatory markers related to routine blood tests,namely neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),red blood cell distribution width(RDW),hemoglobin-to-RDW ratio(HRR)and systemic immune-inflammation index(SII),in elderly patients with chronic cardiovascular disease(CVD)complicated with frailty.Methods Retrospectively analyze 110 patients with chronic stable CVD who were hospitalized in the cadre ward of cardiovascular medicine at the Air Force Characteristic Medical Center from January 2022 to June 2023.According to the assessment results of the Fried scale,they were divided into three groups:non-frailty group(Fried score=0,n=30),the pre-frailty group(Fried score 1 or 2,n=40)and frailty group(Fried score≥3,n=40).The differences in general information,the impairment rate of daily living activities,miniature nutritional assessment-short form(MNA-SF)scores,mini-mental state examination(MMSE)scores,and the indicators such as NLR,RDW,HRR,and SII among the three groups were compared.Spearman rank correlation was used to analyze the correlation between NLR,RDW,HRR,SII and frailty scores as well as each frailty indicator.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the independent risk factors for frailty in elderly patients with chronic CVD,and the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to assess the clinical diagnostic value of NLR and HRR in elderly patients with chronic CVD complicated with frailty.Results Compared with non-frailty group and pre-frailty group,patients in frailty group were older,with higher impaired rates of daily living activities,NLR,RDW,and SII,and lower MNA-SF scores,MMSE scores,and HRR,and differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the frailty score was positively correlated with NLR(rs=0.354,P<0.001),and RDW(rs=0.448,P<0.001),negatively correlated with HRR(rs=-0.232,P=0.024),and had no significant correlation with SII(rs=0.144,P=0.167).Further analysis of the correlation between the above novel inflammatory markers and the 5 components of frailty showed that NLR was positively correlated with fatigue(rs=0.228,P=0.017),slowed walking speed(rs=0.299,P<0.001),and low physical function(rs=0.319,P<0.001);RDW was positively correlated with decreased grip strength(rs=0.321,P<0.001),slowed walking speed(rs=0.422,P<0.001),and low physical function(rs=0.246,P=0.001);and HRR was negatively correlated with slowed walking speed(rs=-0.230,P=0.025),and low physical function(rs=-0.299,P=0.003).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that MNA-SF score(OR=0.577,95%CI 0.342-0.973)was an independent protective factor for pre-frailty in elderly patients with chronic CVD(P<0.05);NLR(OR=7.866,95%CI 1.101-56.185)was an independent risk factor for frailty,while HRR(OR=0.344,95%CI 0.120-0.983)and MNA-SF score(OR=0.292,95%CI 0.146-0.580)were independent protective factors for frailty in elderly CVD patients(P<0.05).The area under the ROC curve of NLR and HRR for diagnosing frailty in elderly patients with chronic CVD were 0.778 and 0.749,respectively.Conclusion NLR and HRR have high clinical diagnostic value for frailty in elderly patients with chronic CVD,and are expected to become effective inflammatory markers for screening elderly patients with chronic CVD complicated with frailty.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

Objective By observing the regulatory effect of Strengthening Spleen and Eliminating Cancer Formula on N6-methyladenosine(m6A)methyltransferase,To explore the effect of Strengthening Spleen and Eliminating Cancer Formula on inhibiting the IRX5 m6A level in colorectal cancer(CRC),the regulatory effect on N6-methyladenosine(m6A)methyltransferase was observed.Methods Clinically,m6A hypermethylated genes in colorectal cancer was analyzed by m6A sequencing of pathological tissues from five CRC patients after radical surgery,looking for protein detection indexes for validation.23 BALB/c nude mice were selected and injected with HCT116 cells to establish a nude-mouse transplantation model of human colorectal cancer.They were divided into Model group,Western medicine group(5-fluorouracil group),Chinese medicine group(Jianpi Xiaoai Formula low-dose group,Jianpi Xiaoai Formula high-dose group),with 6 rats in each group,5 rats in control group.The tumor volume of all groups was compared.The overall methylation level of m6A was detected by colorimetric method.The protein expression levels of METTL3,METTL14,and WTAP,in tumor were detected by Western blot.The SRAMP website was used to predict the m6A sites of IRX5.HCT116 cells were treated with oe-NC,oe-METTL3,sh-NC,and sh-METTL3.The expression of IRX5 protein was detected by Western blot.HCT116 cell line was treated with Jianpi Xiaoai Formula drug-containing serum,and transfected with oe-METTL3 and oe-IRX5.The group was set as followed:control group,Jianpi Xiaoai Formula drug-containing serum group,Jianpi Xiaoai Formula drug-containing serum group+oe-NC,Jianpi Xiaoai Formula drug-containing serum group+oe-METTL3,Jianpi Xiaoai Formula drug-containing serum group+oe-IRX5,cell cloning experiment and Transwell experiment were performed to detect cell proliferation,migration and invasion ability of each group.The protein expression levels of METTL3 and IRX5 were detected by Western blot.Results The results of m6A sequencing of genes showed that the m6A methylation level increased in patients with CRC,and the m6A methylation levels of SOX1 and IRX5 were significantly elevated.Compared with the model group,the tumor volume of Jianpi Xiaoyou Formula high-dose group,low-dose group and 5-Fu group decreased significantly(P<0.01),and the tumor inhibition effect was more obvious with the increase of Jianpi Xiaoai Formula concentration(P<0.01).The methylation level of m6A in Jianpi Xiaoai Formula high dose group,low dose group and 5-Fu group decreased significantly(P<0.01).The SRAMP website predicted that IRX5 contained multiple m6A sites.Overexpression of METTL3 promoted the expression of IRX5 protein(P<0.001),while knockdown of METTL3 inhibited the expression of IRX5 protein(P<0.001).The drug-containing serum of Jianpi Xiaoai Formula could inhibit the protein expression of METTL3 and IRX5(P<0.05)and inhibit the proliferation,migration and invasion of HCT116(P<0.01).Overexpression of METTL3 and IRX5 reversed the inhibitory effect of Jianpi Xiaoai Formula on HCT116 evil phenotype(P<0.01).Conclusion Jianpi Xiaoai Formula may inhibit METTL3 expression mediated IRX5 low expression to inhibit the progression of colorectal cancer.

AIM To investigate the improvement effects of Poria cocos polysaccharides(PCPs)on mouse nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).METHODS Forty-eight C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the blank group,the model group,the simvastatin group(4 mg/kg)and the high,medium and low dose PCPs groups(200,100 and 50 mg/kg),with 8 mice in each group.The NAFLD model was reproduced by 16 weeks feeding of high-fat and high-cholesterol diet,followed by 8 weeks administration of corresponding drug by gavage.The mice had their body mass and liver coefficient assessed;their levels of hepatic free fatty acid(FFA),and serum total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),γ-glutamyltransferase(γ-GT)and malondialdehyde(MDA)detected;their hepatic pathological changes and lipid deposition observed using HE staining,NAFLD activity score(NAS)and oil red O staining;and their hepatic protein expressions of Akt,mTOR,p-Akt,p-mTOR and SREBP-1c detected by Western blot.RESULTS Compared with the blank group,the model group demonstrated all increased body weight,liver coefficient,hepatic FFA level,and serum TC,TG,LDL-C,AST,ALT,γ-GT,MDA,IL-1β and TNF-α.levels(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);decreased HDL-C level and activities of SOD and GSH-Px(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);more obvious hepatic pathological damage as revealed by increased NAS score(P＜0.01)and increased lipid deposition area(P＜0.01).Compared with the model group,the groups intervened with high or medium dose PCPs,or simvastatin displayed decreased body weight,liver coefficient,hepatic FFA level,and serum TC,TG,LDL-C,AST,ALT,γ-GT,MDA,IL-1β and TNF-α levels(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);increased HDL-C level and SOD,GSH-Px activities(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);decreased hepatic pathological damage as revealed by the decreased NAS score and lipid deposition area(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);and decreased hepatic protein expressions of p-Akt,p-mTOR and SREBP-1c protein(P＜0.05)as well.CONCLUSION PCPs can improve mouse NAFLD,and its mechanism may lie in their function in reversing abnormal lipid metabolism via Akt/mTOR/SREBP-1c signaling pathway.

Objective:This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of thioamide as a maintenance therapy for peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) .Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed the data from 58 patients with PTCL who were treated in the Department of Hematology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2015 to July 2022. Chidamide was orally administered as a maintenance therapy after first-line or salvage treatment. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety were analyzed.Results:Among the 58 patients with PTCL, 43 were males and 15 were females, and the median age was 66 (range: 29-83) years. Thirty-nine patients received thioamide as first-line maintenance therapy, and 19 patients received thioamide as maintenance therapy after salvage treatment. The median maintenance therapy duration was 16 months (range: 1-72 months), with a median PFS time of 33 (2-74) months, and the median OS time had not been reached. Patients who received first-line maintenance therapy with thioamide demonstrated superior PFS and OS outcomes compared with patients who received thioamide maintenance therapy after salvage treatment (median PFS time: not reached vs 7 months, P<0.001; median OS time: not reached vs 67 months, P=0.009). The most prevalent adverse reaction was a hematologic adverse reaction (77.6%). Twelve (20.7%) patients underwent a dose reduction and three patients discontinued treatment. Conclusion:Patients receiving thioamide maintenance therapy demonstrated a promising PFS and OS with a manageable safety profile, especially as the first-line maintenance therapy.

Candida auris(C.auris)is a fungus with multidrug resistance.Current genomic studies indicate that C.auris shares similarities in genome size and evolution with other resistant yeast species.There are differences in genome size and structural variations among different geographical clades of C.auris,which may be related to differences in phenotype and drug resistance.C.auris exhibits resistance to multiple antifungal agents,including triazole,amphotericin B,and echinocandins.Genomic studies have found that resistance of C.auris may be related to factors such as membrane transport protein and mutation in the ergosterol pathway,its resistance can change fur-ther during evolution.In this paper,the relevant studies are reviewed,with a view to understanding the mechanism of drug resistance of C.auris,and providing important basis for formulating prevention and control strategies as well as treatment programs of C.auris.

Objective:This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of thioamide as a maintenance therapy for peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) .Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed the data from 58 patients with PTCL who were treated in the Department of Hematology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2015 to July 2022. Chidamide was orally administered as a maintenance therapy after first-line or salvage treatment. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety were analyzed.Results:Among the 58 patients with PTCL, 43 were males and 15 were females, and the median age was 66 (range: 29-83) years. Thirty-nine patients received thioamide as first-line maintenance therapy, and 19 patients received thioamide as maintenance therapy after salvage treatment. The median maintenance therapy duration was 16 months (range: 1-72 months), with a median PFS time of 33 (2-74) months, and the median OS time had not been reached. Patients who received first-line maintenance therapy with thioamide demonstrated superior PFS and OS outcomes compared with patients who received thioamide maintenance therapy after salvage treatment (median PFS time: not reached vs 7 months, P<0.001; median OS time: not reached vs 67 months, P=0.009). The most prevalent adverse reaction was a hematologic adverse reaction (77.6%). Twelve (20.7%) patients underwent a dose reduction and three patients discontinued treatment. Conclusion:Patients receiving thioamide maintenance therapy demonstrated a promising PFS and OS with a manageable safety profile, especially as the first-line maintenance therapy.