Chronic cough is a common condition that imposes significant physical,psychological,and social burdens on patients.Although chronic cough is often associated with underlying condi-tions such as asthma,gastroesophageal reflux dis-ease,and eosinophilic bronchitis,some patients ex-perience uncontrollable coughing that is difficult to attribute to a specific cause.Many of these pa-tients exhibit clinical features of cough hypersensi-tivity syndrome,providing new directions for re-search into the treatment of chronic cough.As the pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic cough are further elucidated,treatment approaches for chronic cough are entering a new stage of develop-ment.This article summarizes and discusses the mechanisms and clinical evidence of central neuro-modulators used in the treatment of chronic cough,suggesting promising clinical applications for these drugs in the future.

Chronic cough is a common condition that imposes significant physical, psychological, and social burdens on patients. Although chronic cough is often associated with underlying conditions such as asthma, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and eosinophilic bronchitis, some patients experience uncontrollable coughing that is difficult to attribute to a specific cause. Many of these patients exhibit clinical features of cough hypersensitivity syndrome, providing new directions for research into the treatment of chronic cough. As the pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic cough are further elucidated, treatment approaches for chronic cough are entering a new stage of development. This article summarizes and discusses the mechanisms and clinical evidence of central neuromodulators used in the treatment of chronic cough, suggesting promising clinical applications for these drugs in the future.

Chronic cough is a common condition that imposes significant physical,psychological,and social burdens on patients.Although chronic cough is often associated with underlying condi-tions such as asthma,gastroesophageal reflux dis-ease,and eosinophilic bronchitis,some patients ex-perience uncontrollable coughing that is difficult to attribute to a specific cause.Many of these pa-tients exhibit clinical features of cough hypersensi-tivity syndrome,providing new directions for re-search into the treatment of chronic cough.As the pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic cough are further elucidated,treatment approaches for chronic cough are entering a new stage of develop-ment.This article summarizes and discusses the mechanisms and clinical evidence of central neuro-modulators used in the treatment of chronic cough,suggesting promising clinical applications for these drugs in the future.

Chronic cough is a common condition that imposes significant physical,psychological,and social burdens on patients.Although chronic cough is often associated with underlying condi-tions such as asthma,gastroesophageal reflux dis-ease,and eosinophilic bronchitis,some patients ex-perience uncontrollable coughing that is difficult to attribute to a specific cause.Many of these pa-tients exhibit clinical features of cough hypersensi-tivity syndrome,providing new directions for re-search into the treatment of chronic cough.As the pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic cough are further elucidated,treatment approaches for chronic cough are entering a new stage of develop-ment.This article summarizes and discusses the mechanisms and clinical evidence of central neuro-modulators used in the treatment of chronic cough,suggesting promising clinical applications for these drugs in the future.

Chronic cough is a common condition that imposes significant physical,psychological,and social burdens on patients.Although chronic cough is often associated with underlying condi-tions such as asthma,gastroesophageal reflux dis-ease,and eosinophilic bronchitis,some patients ex-perience uncontrollable coughing that is difficult to attribute to a specific cause.Many of these pa-tients exhibit clinical features of cough hypersensi-tivity syndrome,providing new directions for re-search into the treatment of chronic cough.As the pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic cough are further elucidated,treatment approaches for chronic cough are entering a new stage of develop-ment.This article summarizes and discusses the mechanisms and clinical evidence of central neuro-modulators used in the treatment of chronic cough,suggesting promising clinical applications for these drugs in the future.

Chronic cough is a common condition that imposes significant physical,psychological,and social burdens on patients.Although chronic cough is often associated with underlying condi-tions such as asthma,gastroesophageal reflux dis-ease,and eosinophilic bronchitis,some patients ex-perience uncontrollable coughing that is difficult to attribute to a specific cause.Many of these pa-tients exhibit clinical features of cough hypersensi-tivity syndrome,providing new directions for re-search into the treatment of chronic cough.As the pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic cough are further elucidated,treatment approaches for chronic cough are entering a new stage of develop-ment.This article summarizes and discusses the mechanisms and clinical evidence of central neuro-modulators used in the treatment of chronic cough,suggesting promising clinical applications for these drugs in the future.

Chronic cough is a common condition that imposes significant physical,psychological,and social burdens on patients.Although chronic cough is often associated with underlying condi-tions such as asthma,gastroesophageal reflux dis-ease,and eosinophilic bronchitis,some patients ex-perience uncontrollable coughing that is difficult to attribute to a specific cause.Many of these pa-tients exhibit clinical features of cough hypersensi-tivity syndrome,providing new directions for re-search into the treatment of chronic cough.As the pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic cough are further elucidated,treatment approaches for chronic cough are entering a new stage of develop-ment.This article summarizes and discusses the mechanisms and clinical evidence of central neuro-modulators used in the treatment of chronic cough,suggesting promising clinical applications for these drugs in the future.

Chronic cough is a common condition that imposes significant physical,psychological,and social burdens on patients.Although chronic cough is often associated with underlying condi-tions such as asthma,gastroesophageal reflux dis-ease,and eosinophilic bronchitis,some patients ex-perience uncontrollable coughing that is difficult to attribute to a specific cause.Many of these pa-tients exhibit clinical features of cough hypersensi-tivity syndrome,providing new directions for re-search into the treatment of chronic cough.As the pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic cough are further elucidated,treatment approaches for chronic cough are entering a new stage of develop-ment.This article summarizes and discusses the mechanisms and clinical evidence of central neuro-modulators used in the treatment of chronic cough,suggesting promising clinical applications for these drugs in the future.

Chronic cough is a common condition that imposes significant physical,psychological,and social burdens on patients.Although chronic cough is often associated with underlying condi-tions such as asthma,gastroesophageal reflux dis-ease,and eosinophilic bronchitis,some patients ex-perience uncontrollable coughing that is difficult to attribute to a specific cause.Many of these pa-tients exhibit clinical features of cough hypersensi-tivity syndrome,providing new directions for re-search into the treatment of chronic cough.As the pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic cough are further elucidated,treatment approaches for chronic cough are entering a new stage of develop-ment.This article summarizes and discusses the mechanisms and clinical evidence of central neuro-modulators used in the treatment of chronic cough,suggesting promising clinical applications for these drugs in the future.

Objective: To observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at Neiguan (PC6) on arrhythmia during acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion and the expression of connexin 43 (Cx43) in rats. Methods: A total of 40 Sprague-Dawley male rats were used. Ten rats were randomly selected as the blank group, and the remaining 30 rats were randomly divided into a model group and an EA group, with 15 rats in each group. Before modeling, rats in the EA group received one session of EA intervention at bilateral Neiguan (PC6) for 30 min; the other groups were treated with the same grasping and anesthesia for 30 min without intervention. PowerLab physiological recorder was used to record electrocardiograph within 30 min of infarction. After the experiment, cardiac tissue and serum were collected from rats. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the morphological changes of myocardial tissue in the ventricular infarction area of rats in each group. The expression of Cx43 protein in the myocardium of each group was detected by Western blotting (WB). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the activity of Na+-K+-ATPase in myocardial tissue and the serum content of endogenous digitalis-like factor (EDLF) in rats. Results: There was no statistical difference in arrhythmia score between the EA group and the model group, but the total duration and average duration of arrhythmia in the EA group were decreased (P<0.01). HE staining showed that compared with the blank group, myocardial cells in the model group were disorganized and seriously damaged. The pathological changes in the EA group were similar to those in the model group, but the damage was relatively minor. The results of WB showed that compared with the blank group, the Cx43 expression in myocardial tissue of the model group was decreased (P<0.01); compared with the model group, the Cx43 expression in the EA group was increased (P<0.01); compared with the blank group, the Na+-K+-ATPase activity in myocardial tissue of the model group was significantly decreased (P<0.01); compared with the model group, the Na+-K+-ATPase activity in the EA group was increased (P<0.01). ELISA results showed that compared with the blank group, the serum EDLF content in the model group was significantly increased (P<0.01); compared with the model group, the EDLF content in the EA group was decreased (P<0.01). Conclusion: EA at Neiguan (PC6) can delay and reduce the onset of arrhythmia during myocardial infarction in the rat model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. Its mechanism of action may be related to the regulation of the Cx43 expression in myocardial tissue, improvement of the activity of Na+-K+-ATPase in myocardial tissue, and increase in the content of serum EDLF.