One-day-old AA broilers were divided into five groups(15 chickens each,5 replicates per group):control(basic diet),three groups with low,medium,and high doses of crude extract of Flos sophorae and Fructus sophorae(100,150,200 mg/kg),and one group with Macleaya cordata extract(300 mg/kg).The 42-day trial measured intestinal enzyme activity,morphology,antioxidant and immune capacity,barrier function,and microbiota structure and diversity.Compared to the control and Macleaya cordata groups,the high-dose crude extract of Flos sophorae and Fructus sophorae group significantly increased trypsin activity in the duodenum,jejunum,and ileum(P＜0.05).It also reduced reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels,increased glu-tathione peroxidase activity,reduced tumor necrosis factor-α,increased interleukin-10,and elevated mRNA expression of tight junction protein-1 and mucin-2 in the jejunum(P＜0.05).Microbial di-versity analysis showed higher Shannon index,increased Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes,decreased Proteobacteria,and more beneficial bacteria in the high-dose group(P＜0.05).Supplementing 200 mg/kg of crude extract of Flos sophorae and Fructus sophorae enhances intestinal morpholo-gy and function,and promotes intestinal health,thereby increasing farming efficiency.

In order to investigate the effects of Fuzi Lizhong Oral liquid on immune function and in-testinal health of chicks,185 1-day-old healthy chicks were randomly divided into 4 groups.The blank control group(CG group)was given normal tap water;the high,medium and low dose groups(FZH group,FZM group and FZL group)were given tap water containing 5.00,2.50 and 1.25 g/L of Fuzi Lizhong Oral liquid,respectively.Starting from the first day of age,the drug was administered continuously for 5 d,and the blood was collected from the subwing vein on the sixth day of the test.The results showed that compared with CG group,thymus index in FZH group was significantly increased(P＜0.05).Compared with CG group,serum IgM,IgG and sIgA in FZH group were significantly increased(P＜0.05),and serum IgG and sIgA in FZM group were signifi-cantly increased(P＜0.05).Compared with CG group,the relative expression of Occludin and Claudin-1 mRNA in FZH group was significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the relative expression of ZO-1 mRNA in FZM and FZH groups was significantly increased(P＜0.05).Compared with CG group,Shannon index of FZH group was significantly increased(P＜0.05),Simpson index of FZH group was significantly decreased(P＜0.05),and many beneficial bacteria such as Strepto-coccus spinosus,Eubacillus spinosus and Lactobacillus spinosus played a synergistic role.The results showed that adding 5.00 g/L Fuzi Lizhong Oral liquid in drinking water could improve the immunity of chicks,maintain the intestinal barrier function of chicks,increase the intestinal flora richness and promote the intestinal health of chicks.

In order to investigate the effects of Fuzi Lizhong Oral liquid on immune function and in-testinal health of chicks,185 1-day-old healthy chicks were randomly divided into 4 groups.The blank control group(CG group)was given normal tap water;the high,medium and low dose groups(FZH group,FZM group and FZL group)were given tap water containing 5.00,2.50 and 1.25 g/L of Fuzi Lizhong Oral liquid,respectively.Starting from the first day of age,the drug was administered continuously for 5 d,and the blood was collected from the subwing vein on the sixth day of the test.The results showed that compared with CG group,thymus index in FZH group was significantly increased(P＜0.05).Compared with CG group,serum IgM,IgG and sIgA in FZH group were significantly increased(P＜0.05),and serum IgG and sIgA in FZM group were signifi-cantly increased(P＜0.05).Compared with CG group,the relative expression of Occludin and Claudin-1 mRNA in FZH group was significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the relative expression of ZO-1 mRNA in FZM and FZH groups was significantly increased(P＜0.05).Compared with CG group,Shannon index of FZH group was significantly increased(P＜0.05),Simpson index of FZH group was significantly decreased(P＜0.05),and many beneficial bacteria such as Strepto-coccus spinosus,Eubacillus spinosus and Lactobacillus spinosus played a synergistic role.The results showed that adding 5.00 g/L Fuzi Lizhong Oral liquid in drinking water could improve the immunity of chicks,maintain the intestinal barrier function of chicks,increase the intestinal flora richness and promote the intestinal health of chicks.

A total of 300 1-day-old broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups with 5 replicates per group and 12 broilers per replicate.The control group was given free drinking water(CG),the astragalus polysaccharide control group(HPS)received 0.8 mL/L of astragalus polysaccharide o-ral liquid in drinking water,and the experimental groups(SBL,SBM,SBH)received 1.5,3.0,4.5 mL/,of Shenling Baizhu Oral Liquid in drinking water.The results showed as follows:com-pared to the CG group,SIgA content in HPS group,group SBM and group SBH was significantly increased(P＜0.05),IL-6 and IL-1β contents were significantly decreased(P＜0.05),Occludin,Mucin-2 and Bcl-2 contents were significantly increased(P＜0.05).The results of 16S rRNA test showed that the specific OUT number in groups HPS and SBM was significantly higher than that in group CG(P＜0.05),α diversity analysis showed that compared with group CG,Chao1 index and Simpson index of group HPS,group SBM and group SBH were significantly increased,and βdiversity analysis showed that there were significant differences in species composition between test group and blank control group(P＜0.05).The relative abundance analysis at the phylum level showed that the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroides in groups SBM and SBH was significantly higher than that in group CG(P＜0.05).The above results showed that Shenling Baizhu Oral Liquid could improve the intestinal health and enhance the resistance of broilers.

Retinal neovascularization is a common pathological feature of many blinding eye diseases,and these neovessels are usually fragile and prone to rupture and hemorrhage,which can lead to severe visual impairment.Caveolin-1 is an important membrane protein involved in cellular signaling,lipid metabolism,and cytoskeleton regulation.Currently,it has been proven that Caveolin-1 expresses in a variety of retinal cell types and can participate in retinal neovascularization by regulating multiple signaling pathways.In this article,the domestic and international studies on the role and mechanism of Caveolin-1 in neovascularization were reviewed,and the therapeutic prospect of Caveolin-1 in retinal neovascularization ophthalmopathy was analyzed.This study aims to provide ideas for exploring the pathogenesis of the disease and seeking potential targeted interventions.

Coronavirus is the largest RNA virus with known genome so far,among which porcine coronavirus is an important pathogen causing acute diarrhea in piglets.Due to its highly mutable RNA nature,this virus poses a substantial challenge for disease prevention and control,leading to substantial annual economic losses within China's swine industry.The analysis of the mechanism of RNA synthesis of coronaviruses is helpful for understanding the genetic variation of coronaviruses and screening antiviral drugs.At present,more in-depth studies mainly focus on Murine coronavir-us(MHV)and human Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).In order to investigate the replication mechanism of porcine coronaviruses,this article takes MHV,SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses as references to summarises the mechanism of regulating viral rep-lication in the non-coding region of porcine coronaviruses such as Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV),Transmissible gastroenteritis virus(TGEV),Porcine deltacoronavirus(PDCoV),and Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus(SADS-CoV).Placed a specific emphasis on the func-tional roles of conserved motifs and secondary structures within the 5'UTR in facilitating viral rep-lication,elucidated how conserved structures in the 3'UTR regulate the same process.The signifi-cance of the interaction between the non-coding region of the virus and the host were discussed,and variations in the viral 5'UTR and 3'UTR were scrutinized,thereby establishing a solid theoret-ical foundation for the development of antiviral drugs that target UTRs and high titer vaccine can-didate strains.

ObjectiveTo reveal the active substances and mechanisms of modified Qing'e formula （MQEF） in delaying skin photoaging by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF-MS），network pharmacology， and cell experiments. MethodsUPLC-Q-TOF-MS and a literature review were employed to analyze the transdermally absorbed components in mice after the topical application of MQEF. The potential targets of MQEF in treating skin photoaging were retrieved from databases.The compound-potential target network and protein-protein interaction network were constructed to screen the key components and core targets. A photoaging cell model was established by irradiating HaCaT cells with medium-wave ultraviolet B （UVB）. The safe doses of bakuchiol （BAK） and salvianolic acid B （SAB） for treating HaCaT cells and the effects of BAK and SAB on the viability of cells exposed to UVB irradiation were determined by the cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） method.The reactive oxygen species （ROS） fluorescent probe was used to measure the ROS production in the cells treated with BAK and SAB.The expression levels of genes related to oxidative stress，inflammation，collagen metabolism，and circadian rhythm clock were measured by Real-time PCR. ResultsA total of 24 transdermally absorbed components of MQEF were identified，which acted on 367 potential targets，and 417 targets related to skin photoaging were screened out，among which 47 common targets were predicted as the targets of MQEF in treating skin photoaging. MQEF exerted the anti-photoaging effect via key components such as BAK and SAB，which acted on core proteins such as serine/threonine kinase 1 （Akt1） and mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 （MAPK3） and intervened in core pathways such as the tumor necrosis factor （TNF） and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt） signaling pathways.Compared with the model group，the administration of BAK and SAB increased the survival rate of HaCaT cells （P<0.01），down-regulated the mRNA levels of cyclooxygenase-2 （COX-2），interleukin-6 （IL-6），tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α），matrix metalloproteinase-1 （MMP-1），and matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9） （P<0.01），and up-regulated the mRNA levels of heme oxygenase-1 （HO-1） and NAD（P）H quinone dehydrogenase 1 （NQO-1） （P<0.05，P<0.01） in photoaged HaCaT cells.In addition，it eliminated excess ROS production induced by UVB and up-regulated the mRNA levels of brain and muscle ARNT-like 1 （BMAL1） and circadian locomotor output cycles kaput （CLOCK） associated with circadian clock （P<0.05，P<0.01）. ConclusionMQEF delays skin photoaging through the coordinated effects of various components，multiple targets，and diverse pathways.The key components BAK and SAB in MQEF exhibit anti-photoaging properties，which involve inhibiting oxidative stress，preventing collagen degradation，mitigating inflammation，and maintaining normal skin circadian rhythms by regulating clock gene expression.

A total of 300 1-day-old broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups with 5 replicates per group and 12 broilers per replicate.The control group was given free drinking water(CG),the astragalus polysaccharide control group(HPS)received 0.8 mL/L of astragalus polysaccharide o-ral liquid in drinking water,and the experimental groups(SBL,SBM,SBH)received 1.5,3.0,4.5 mL/,of Shenling Baizhu Oral Liquid in drinking water.The results showed as follows:com-pared to the CG group,SIgA content in HPS group,group SBM and group SBH was significantly increased(P＜0.05),IL-6 and IL-1β contents were significantly decreased(P＜0.05),Occludin,Mucin-2 and Bcl-2 contents were significantly increased(P＜0.05).The results of 16S rRNA test showed that the specific OUT number in groups HPS and SBM was significantly higher than that in group CG(P＜0.05),α diversity analysis showed that compared with group CG,Chao1 index and Simpson index of group HPS,group SBM and group SBH were significantly increased,and βdiversity analysis showed that there were significant differences in species composition between test group and blank control group(P＜0.05).The relative abundance analysis at the phylum level showed that the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroides in groups SBM and SBH was significantly higher than that in group CG(P＜0.05).The above results showed that Shenling Baizhu Oral Liquid could improve the intestinal health and enhance the resistance of broilers.

Objective To compare the application effect of platelet rich fibrin(PRF)prepared at different centrifugal speeds in tooth extraction wounds using network meta-analysis statistical method.Methods PubMed,Co-chrane Library,Embase,Web of Science,CNKI,Wanfang,VIP and China Biology Medicine disc(CBM)databases were searched to collect the randomized controlled trials on the effect of PRF in tooth extraction from January 1,2024.Note-Express software was used to select literatures,RevMan5.3 was used to evaluate the quality of the included literatures,and Stata14.0 software was used to perform mesh meta-analysis on outcome indicators such as bone mineral density,bone height loss,visual analog scale of pain(VAS),dry groove,and bleeding after tooth extraction.Results A total of 31 randomized controlled trials were included,including 2 824 extraction sites,involving 7 rotational speeds for PRF preparation(3 000,2 800,2 700,2 300,1 500,1 400,1 300 r/min).The results of cu-mulative sequencing showed that PRF prepared by 2 700 r/min centrifugation had the best effect in improving bone mineral density.In terms of improving the buccal bone height,the PRF prepared by 2 700 r/min centrifu-gation had the best effect.In terms of pain improvement,PRF prepared by 1 500 r/min centrifugation had the best effect;PRF prepared by 2 500 r/min centrifugation had the best effect in reducing the incidence of dry trough.PRF prepared by 2 500 r/min centrifugation was the most effective in reducing bleeding.Conclusion Based on the available evidence,PRF prepared with 2 700 r/min has the best effect on improving bone density and bone height after tooth extraction.In terms of pain improvement,1 500 r/min was the most effective;2 500 r/min was the most effective in improving the incidence of dry trough and bleeding.

Retinal neovascularization is a common pathological feature of many blinding eye diseases,and these neovessels are usually fragile and prone to rupture and hemorrhage,which can lead to severe visual impairment.Caveolin-1 is an important membrane protein involved in cellular signaling,lipid metabolism,and cytoskeleton regulation.Currently,it has been proven that Caveolin-1 expresses in a variety of retinal cell types and can participate in retinal neovascularization by regulating multiple signaling pathways.In this article,the domestic and international studies on the role and mechanism of Caveolin-1 in neovascularization were reviewed,and the therapeutic prospect of Caveolin-1 in retinal neovascularization ophthalmopathy was analyzed.This study aims to provide ideas for exploring the pathogenesis of the disease and seeking potential targeted interventions.