Objective To compare the hepatic lipid droplet metabolism in normal BKS-db/m mice and BKS-db/db mice,a model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM),and to investigate the characteristics of hepatic lipid droplet metabolism and the molecular mechanisms underlying the imbalance of metabolic homeostasis at the level of lipid droplet synthesis and lipid droplet catabolism in db/db mice. Methods Eight SPF 8 weeks BKS-db/m and 8 BKS-db/db mice were used in this study. The lipid metabolism level was tested. Oil red and HE staining was used to evaluate the degree of liver lipid deposition,and immunofluorescence staining and Western blot was used to observe the level of hepatic lipid droplet catabolism and metabolism. Results The body weight,liver weight,liver index,FPG,AUC of the OGTT,AUC of the ITT,TG,TC,HDL-C,LDL-C,FFA and SREBP1 positive fluorescence area and nuclear translocation were higher in db/db group than in db/m group (P<0.05). The lipophagia level of primary hepatocytes was higher in db/db group than in db/m group (P<0.05). Compared with the db/m group,the expressions of SREBP1,SCD1,PLIN2,LC3,LAMP2A and ATGL protein increased(P<0.05),while the expression of p-ACC/ACC protein decreased in the db/db group(P<0.05). Conclusions Compared with normal mice,T2DM mice had dyslipidemiaand marked hepatocellular lipid deposition.Although lipid droplet lipolysis and lipophagy were enhanced and catabolism was significant,the lipid droplet metabolism was in a state of imbalance between synthesis and catabolism,and the synthesis of lipid droplets was greater than that of catabolism,which led to the aggregation of hepatocellular lipids.

Objective To compare the hepatic lipid droplet metabolism in normal BKS-db/m mice and BKS-db/db mice,a model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM),and to investigate the characteristics of hepatic lipid droplet metabolism and the molecular mechanisms underlying the imbalance of metabolic homeostasis at the level of lipid droplet synthesis and lipid droplet catabolism in db/db mice. Methods Eight SPF 8 weeks BKS-db/m and 8 BKS-db/db mice were used in this study. The lipid metabolism level was tested. Oil red and HE staining was used to evaluate the degree of liver lipid deposition,and immunofluorescence staining and Western blot was used to observe the level of hepatic lipid droplet catabolism and metabolism. Results The body weight,liver weight,liver index,FPG,AUC of the OGTT,AUC of the ITT,TG,TC,HDL-C,LDL-C,FFA and SREBP1 positive fluorescence area and nuclear translocation were higher in db/db group than in db/m group (P<0.05). The lipophagia level of primary hepatocytes was higher in db/db group than in db/m group (P<0.05). Compared with the db/m group,the expressions of SREBP1,SCD1,PLIN2,LC3,LAMP2A and ATGL protein increased(P<0.05),while the expression of p-ACC/ACC protein decreased in the db/db group(P<0.05). Conclusions Compared with normal mice,T2DM mice had dyslipidemiaand marked hepatocellular lipid deposition.Although lipid droplet lipolysis and lipophagy were enhanced and catabolism was significant,the lipid droplet metabolism was in a state of imbalance between synthesis and catabolism,and the synthesis of lipid droplets was greater than that of catabolism,which led to the aggregation of hepatocellular lipids.

Objective:To study the changes of stenotic segment trachea diameter, trachea length and carina angle before and after slide tracheoplasty.Methods:From January 2010 to January 2018, 77 children with congenital tracheal stenosis(female=36) with complete clinical data accepted slide tracheoplasty in Shanghai Children's Medical Center were selected as the observation group. The diameter of stenosis segment, the length of stenosis segment, the full length of trachea and carina angle were measured by CT image, and the ratio of stenosis segment length to full trachea length was calculated. A group of children with normal trachea morphology and the same sample number, and they had no significant difference in age, height and weight were selected as the control group.Results:The median operative age of 77 children in the observation group was 1.3(1.1, 1.9)years old, the height was 76.0(72.0, 83.0)cm, and the weight was 9.0(7.9, 10.8)kg. The age, height and weight of 77 children in the control group were 1.5(1.0, 2.0) years old and 78.0(71.0, 85.0) cm, 9.2(7.9, 11.0) kg respectively. After slide tracheoplasty, the diameter of trachea in the stenotic segment of children increased from 2.7 mm to 4.4 mm, which was increased by 63.0%( P<0.001), but still smaller than that of children in the control group(6.1 mm). The average length of trachea was shortened by 0.7 cm( P<0.001), and there was no significant difference between the total length of trachea(5.4 cm) and the total length of trachea(5.5 cm). The postoperative carina angle decreased by 27.9°( P<0.001), there was no significant difference in postoperative carina angle between the observation group(93.0°) and the control group(90.7°). Conclusion:The diameter of reconstructed trachea in children with CTS is significantly increased, the length and carina angle of trachea become smaller after slide tracheoplasty. The morphology of trachea is more similar to children in the control group.

Pulmonary valve regurgitation is a common complication after radical surgery in children with tetralogy of fallot. Long-term presence of pulmonary valve regurgitation can lead to increased right heart load, and then increase the risk of arrhythmia, right heart failure, movement limitation and even sudden death. This review summarize and analyze the mid- and long-term pulmonary valve regurgitation, right heart function, and reconstruction effect after radical surgery in patients with tetralogy of fallot, in order to clarify the necessity and feasibility of long-term pulmonary valve reconstruction of children with tetralogy of fallot after radical surgery, and to briefly discuss the operation timing and indications.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Busulfan ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drug Combinations ; Graft vs Host Disease ; Mice ; Transplantation Conditioning ; Vidarabine ; analogs & derivatives

Phosphodiesterase-4 ( PDE4 ) has been one of the most popular drug targets during recent years due to its critical role in the control of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophos-phate ( cAMP ) concentration and downstream signal transduc-tion. PDE4 is widely distributed in the central nervous system ( CNS) with different expression levels of its four subtypes. Re-cent data indicate that altered PDE4 expression and/or activity is relevant to multiple CNS disorders, such as depression, memory deficiency, drug dependence, and neural lesion. Selective PDE4 inhibitors exhibit therapeutic effects on these disorders and might be a promising pharmacotherapy. The paper highlights recent re-search progress in the roles of PDE4 in CNS function, and dis-cusses the prospects of PDE4 as a novel therapeutic target for CNS disorders.

Combining theory and practice at home and abroad in recent years ,construction plan of the military infectious diseases syndromic surveillance system was discussed from aspects of data collection and transmission , data analysis and early warning , incident response based on the core business requirements of syndromic surveillance for infectious diseases . The study provides the demand traction for the system construction .