One-day-old AA broilers were divided into five groups(15 chickens each,5 replicates per group):control(basic diet),three groups with low,medium,and high doses of crude extract of Flos sophorae and Fructus sophorae(100,150,200 mg/kg),and one group with Macleaya cordata extract(300 mg/kg).The 42-day trial measured intestinal enzyme activity,morphology,antioxidant and immune capacity,barrier function,and microbiota structure and diversity.Compared to the control and Macleaya cordata groups,the high-dose crude extract of Flos sophorae and Fructus sophorae group significantly increased trypsin activity in the duodenum,jejunum,and ileum(P＜0.05).It also reduced reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels,increased glu-tathione peroxidase activity,reduced tumor necrosis factor-α,increased interleukin-10,and elevated mRNA expression of tight junction protein-1 and mucin-2 in the jejunum(P＜0.05).Microbial di-versity analysis showed higher Shannon index,increased Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes,decreased Proteobacteria,and more beneficial bacteria in the high-dose group(P＜0.05).Supplementing 200 mg/kg of crude extract of Flos sophorae and Fructus sophorae enhances intestinal morpholo-gy and function,and promotes intestinal health,thereby increasing farming efficiency.

In order to investigate the effects of Fuzi Lizhong Oral liquid on immune function and in-testinal health of chicks,185 1-day-old healthy chicks were randomly divided into 4 groups.The blank control group(CG group)was given normal tap water;the high,medium and low dose groups(FZH group,FZM group and FZL group)were given tap water containing 5.00,2.50 and 1.25 g/L of Fuzi Lizhong Oral liquid,respectively.Starting from the first day of age,the drug was administered continuously for 5 d,and the blood was collected from the subwing vein on the sixth day of the test.The results showed that compared with CG group,thymus index in FZH group was significantly increased(P＜0.05).Compared with CG group,serum IgM,IgG and sIgA in FZH group were significantly increased(P＜0.05),and serum IgG and sIgA in FZM group were signifi-cantly increased(P＜0.05).Compared with CG group,the relative expression of Occludin and Claudin-1 mRNA in FZH group was significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the relative expression of ZO-1 mRNA in FZM and FZH groups was significantly increased(P＜0.05).Compared with CG group,Shannon index of FZH group was significantly increased(P＜0.05),Simpson index of FZH group was significantly decreased(P＜0.05),and many beneficial bacteria such as Strepto-coccus spinosus,Eubacillus spinosus and Lactobacillus spinosus played a synergistic role.The results showed that adding 5.00 g/L Fuzi Lizhong Oral liquid in drinking water could improve the immunity of chicks,maintain the intestinal barrier function of chicks,increase the intestinal flora richness and promote the intestinal health of chicks.

A total of 300 1-day-old broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups with 5 replicates per group and 12 broilers per replicate.The control group was given free drinking water(CG),the astragalus polysaccharide control group(HPS)received 0.8 mL/L of astragalus polysaccharide o-ral liquid in drinking water,and the experimental groups(SBL,SBM,SBH)received 1.5,3.0,4.5 mL/,of Shenling Baizhu Oral Liquid in drinking water.The results showed as follows:com-pared to the CG group,SIgA content in HPS group,group SBM and group SBH was significantly increased(P＜0.05),IL-6 and IL-1β contents were significantly decreased(P＜0.05),Occludin,Mucin-2 and Bcl-2 contents were significantly increased(P＜0.05).The results of 16S rRNA test showed that the specific OUT number in groups HPS and SBM was significantly higher than that in group CG(P＜0.05),α diversity analysis showed that compared with group CG,Chao1 index and Simpson index of group HPS,group SBM and group SBH were significantly increased,and βdiversity analysis showed that there were significant differences in species composition between test group and blank control group(P＜0.05).The relative abundance analysis at the phylum level showed that the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroides in groups SBM and SBH was significantly higher than that in group CG(P＜0.05).The above results showed that Shenling Baizhu Oral Liquid could improve the intestinal health and enhance the resistance of broilers.

In order to investigate the mitigating effect of Yin Chen aqueous extract on liver injury induced by LPS combined with D-GalN in mice,a mouse liver injury model was established by in-traperitoneal injection of LPS and D-GalN,and the mice were group-fed by instillation of saline,bi-phenyl dibenzyl ester,and Yin Chen aqueous extract with different concentrations of LPS and D-GalN.The liver index of mice was calculated,pathological tissue sections were observed,and the expression of ALT,AST,inflammatory cytokines,oxidative stress,hepatic enzymes,and IL-17/TNF pathway were detected in serum to investigate the effects and mechanisms of the aqueous ex-tracts of Yin Chen in alleviating the liver injury in mice.The results showed that the liver index of mice in the model group was significantly elevated,the serum levels of ALT and AST were signifi-cantly elevated,the levels of IL-iβ,IL-8 and TNF-α in liver tissue were significantly elevated,the levels of IL-4 were significantly reduced,the levels of GSH-Px,CAT and SOD were significantly reduced,the levels of ROS and MDA were significantly elevated,CYP2E1 and CYP1A2 protein content and mRNA expression were significantly up-regulated,and the expression levels of TNF,TNFR1,IL-17A,ACT1 and IL-6 mRNA were significantly up-regulated.The study showed that the aqueous extract of Yin Chen had a certain alleviating effect on the liver injury caused by LPS combined with D-GalN in mice.The mechanism of action includes decreasing the metabolic level of hepatic drug enzymes,alleviating oxidative stress,inhibiting the expression of IL-17/TNF pathway and down-regulating the level of inflammatory factors in mice.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of the direct stimulation of acupuncture at extraocular muscle attachment point on acquired extraocular muscle palsy. METHODS: Thirteen patients with acquired extraocular muscle palsy were treated with acupuncture directly at extraocular muscle (paralytic muscle) attachment point. Firstly, the intraocular conjunctival sac drops of topical anesthetic (procaine hydrochloride eye drops) were administered, 0.2 mL each time, once every 10 minutes, for a total of 3 times. Acupuncture was delivered immediately after the third drop. The sterile acupuncture needle for single use, 0.25 mm×25 mm, was inserted at the anatomical location of the corneal limbal attachment of paralytic extraocular muscle, with an angle of 10° to 15° formed between the needle tip and extraocular muscle, and a depth of 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm. Pivoted by the needle tip, the eyeball was moved passively towards the direction of normal action of orbital muscle, 30 to 50 times until the patient felt soreness of the eyeball; afterwards, the needle was removed. After acupuncture, levofloxacin eye drops were administered once (0.2 mL) at the affected eye. The treatment was given twice a week, and completed when diplopia disappeared. Before and after treatment, the diplopia and the synoptophore circumference were observed respectively. RESULTS: After 7 to 24 (15.46±5.56) times of direct stimulation with acupuncture at extraocular muscle attachment point, the symptoms of diplopia disappeared in 13 patients, the eye position restored to orthophoria, and the circumference of synoptophore was reduced to be (4.04±0.82)° from (19.38±3.98)° detected before treatment (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Acupuncture directly at extraocular muscle attachment can attenuate diplopia and improve ocular muscle function in patients with acquired extraocular muscle palsy.
Humans ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Oculomotor Muscles/physiopathology* ; Aged ; Acupuncture Points ; Ophthalmoplegia/physiopathology*

Objective:To measure the length and width of maxillary nodules in patients with different bony malocclusions in Uyghurs and to investigate the limits of distal displacement of maxillary molars in patients with different bony malocclusions in Uyghurs.Methods:60 adult Uyghur patients with bony Class Ⅰ(n=21),Class Ⅱ(n=21),and Class Ⅲ(n=18)malocclusion with 120 lateral maxillary tubercle CBCT images were analyzed,and the length(L:left,R:right)and width(W)of the maxillary tubercle area at different locations were measured on the designated sagittal and axial sections.The length and width of maxillary tuberosities in patients with different bony malocclusion were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software,and the data were compared among the 3 groups.Results:The length and width of maxillary nodules in Uyghur patients with skeletal type Ⅲ were significantly smaller than those in the other 2 groups at measurement levels of 3.0,6.0 and 9.0 mm from the cemento-enamel junction of the maxillary second molar towards the root apex(L3,L6,L9),W6 and W9(P＜0.05).No significant difference was seen between the length and width of the maxillary tuberosity in osseous category Ⅰ and osseous category Ⅱ subjects.The widest maxillary nodule was loca-ted at the W3 level(12.52±2.07)mm and the narrowest at the W9 level(6.73±3.35)mm.The longest maxillary nodule was loca-ted at the L9 level(8.64±2.70)mm and the shortest at the L3 level(7.62±2.15)mm.Conclusion:The length and width of the maxillary tubercle in Uyghur patients with bony Class Ⅲ malocclusion are smaller than those of bony Class Ⅰ and bony Class Ⅱ.When pushing the distal displacement of maxillary molars,attention should be focused on the anatomical morphology of the maxillary tubercle to determine the limits of distal displacement of the maxillary dentition.

Bisphenol A(BPA)is an environmental endocrine disruptor commonly found in industri-al products such as plastics,resin coatings,and paper coatings,and it poses potential reproductive hazards.Despite extensive research,studies examining its effects on the F1 generation of rabbits are limited.This study established a BPA exposure model in pregnant female rabbits to investigate its impact on reproductive hormones,apoptosis,oxidative stress,inflammatory responses,and tissue integrity in weaned female offspring.The results indicate that BPA exposure induces oxidative stress and inflammation in F1 rabbits,disrupts hormonal balance,and affects antioxidant enzymes and inflammatory mediators through the modulation of the Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathways,ultimately leading to apoptosis and tissue damage.

Objective:To compare the clinical characteristics of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) patients with or without secondary subretinal fibrosis (SF).Methods:A retrospective case-control study. A total of 88 patients (92 eyes) diagnosed with nAMD at Department of Ophthalmology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from January 2020 to January 2024 were enrolled in this study. All eyes underwent best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), color fundus photography, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) examinations. BCVA was measured using the international standard visual acuity chart and converted to logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution for statistical analysis. SF area was measured on color fundus images. OCT was used to assess the presence of shallow irregular retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) elevation, RPE detachment, ellipsoid zone/external limiting membrane disruption, subretinal fluid and/or intraretinal fluid, thinning of the inner nuclear layer or inner plexiform layer, complete RPE and outer retinal atrophy (cRORA), epiretinal membrane, and suprachoroidal fluid. Device-integrated software measured central retinal thickness (CRT), subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), and the height and width of subfoveal fibrosis in SF eyes. Based on the presence of SF, patients were divided into the SF group (47 eyes) and the non-SF (NSF) group (45 eyes). Baseline characteristics, OCT, and color fundus photography imaging features were compared between groups. Independent samples t tests were used for intergroup comparisons, and multiple linear regression was performed to analyze potential factors influencing SF height. Results:Compared with the NSF group, the SF group had a longer disease duration, longer symptom onset to initial treatment interval to receiving anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drug treatment, a lower proportion of patients receiving 3 anti-VEGF drug injections within 6 months, worse BCVA, thicker SFCT, higher rates of pigment epithelial detachment and inner nuclear layer or inner plexiform layer thinning, and a lower rate of subretinal fluid ( P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in CRT or the proportions of irregular retinal pigment epithelia, ellipsoid zone/external limiting membrane disruption, cRORA, suprachoroidal fluid, or epiretinal membrane between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:nAMD eyes with secondary SF exhibit distinct OCT imaging features compared to NSF eyes.

Objective:To study the morphological characteristics and ethnic differences of the chin soft and hard tissue of Han and Uyghur adult females of class Ⅱ 1.Methods:90 Uyghur and Han female subjects of class Ⅱ 1 aged 18-35 years old were enrolled and respectively divided into 3 groups according to the vertical skeletal types:high,average and low angle groups(n=30).The various indexes of the chin soft and hard tissue of the subjects were measured by X-ray lateral cephalic radiographs.The data were statisti-caly analyzed.Results:(1)The Po-Pos of the Han subjects with high angle was higher than that of those with low and average an-gle;the minimum chin thickness,the ratio of the chin thickness to the chin height,the ratio of the minimum chin thickness to the chin thickness and the angle of chin in the high angle group were smaller than those in the average angle group and the low angle group(P＜0.05).The chin height,the chin depression and the cervical-mandibular angle of the Uyghur subjects with high angle were higher than those of the Uyghur subjects with low angle and average angle;the minimum chin thickness,the ratio of the chin thickness to the chin height and the ratio of the minimum chin thickness to the chin thickness in the high angle group were smaller than those in the average and the low angle groups(P＜0.05).(2)In the low angle group,there were significant differences in the angle of chin,cervical-mandibular angle,soft tissue chin angle and Me-Mes between the 2 ethnic groups(P＜0.05).In the average angle group,there were significant differences in the height of chin,LI-LL and Me-Mes between the 2 ethnic groups(P＜0.05).In the high angle group,there were significant differences in the ratio of anterior to posterior chin thickness,in the angle of chin,LL-Pos and Po-Pos between the 2 ethnic groups(P＜0.05).(3)The positive correlation between FH/MP and Po-Pos,cervical-mandib-ular angle,chin depression,chin lip angle,chin height,ratio of anterior and posterior chin thickness and LL-Pos were found in Han and Uyghur subjects(P＜0.05).Mentolabial sulcus,the chin thickness,the ratio of the chin thickness to the chin height,the angle of chin and the ratio of the minimum chin thickness to the chin thickness were negatively correlated with FH/MP in both ethnic groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Han and Uy-ghur adult females of class Ⅱ 1 have different chin soft and hard tissue morphology in different vertical skeletal types with certain differences between the ethnic groups in the same vertical skeletal types,and there is a correlation between the chin soft and hard tis-sue morphology of different vertical skeletal types and the vertical skeletal types in Han and Uyghur adult females of class Ⅱ 1.

Thirty SPF Kunming male mice aged 6-8 weeks were randomly divided into five groups:the control group,the model group,and the low,medium,and high dose groups of Dilong.Except for the control group,the other mice were continuously injected intraperitoneally with 80 mg/kg cyclophosphamide for 3 days to prepare an immunosuppressive model.After the model-ing was completed,the control group and the model group were given an equal amount of physio-logical saline by gavage,while the low,medium,and high dose Dilong groups were given 100,200,and 400 mg/kg of Dilong fermented material by gavage,respectively.The treatment lasted for 14 days,and thymus,spleen,blood,and intestinal contents were collected 2 hours after the last admin-istration.The results showed that cyclophosphamide caused a weight loss in mice during the exper-iment,reduced thymus index,white blood cells,lymphocytes,granulocytes,immunoglobulin levels in the blood,and disrupted gut microbiota.Dilong fermented material can effectively improve the decrease in body weight and thymus index of mice,increase the levels of immune cells and immu-noglobulin in the blood,improve the diversity and richness of intestinal microbiota,and increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria.Dilong fermented can effectively alleviate the immune suppres-sion and intestinal microbiota disorder caused by cyclophosphamide in mice.Considering all fac-tors,the optimal dosage is 200 mg/kg.