Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of dental pulp stem cells(DPSCs)on autoimmune hepatitis in in vivo and in vitro experiments and the related mechanism.Methods An in vitro co-culture system was used to evaluate the immunoregulatory effect of DPSCs,and 32 mice were randomly divided into healthy control group,model group,positive drug group,and DPSCs treatment group,with 8 mice in each group.The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and inflammatory factors were measured,and HE staining was used to assess liver pathological injury.An analysis of variance was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between multiple groups,and the least significant difference t-test was used for further comparison between two groups.Results The in vitro experiment showed that the positive rates of CD105,CD73,and CD90 in DPSCs were 99.97%,100%,and 99.53%,respectively,while the positive rates of CD34,HLA-DR,and CD45 were 0.56%,0.17%,and 0,respectively.DPSCs significantly inhibited the proliferation of Th1 and Th17 subsets,with inhibition rates of 31.32%and 45.76%,respectively;DPSCs promoted the proliferation of Treg(CD4+CD25+FoxP3+),with a promoting rate of 52.29%.DPSCs had an inhibition rate of 93.70%on the proliferation of lymphocytes.In the mouse model of autoimmune hepatitis,compared with the model group,the DPSCs treatment group had significant reductions in the serum levels of ALT and AST,with reduction rates of 66.8%and 60.0%,respectively(t=3.321 and 2.907,P=0.007 5 and 0.017 5)and significant reductions in the inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β,with reduction rates of 57.5%and 71.3%,respectively(t=2.484 and 2.796,P=0.039 8 and 0.020 6),and histopathological examination showed no significant improvement in periportal bridging necrosis(t=1.969,P=0.098).Conclusion DPSCs effectively alleviate immune-mediated liver injury through immunoregulation,which provides an experimental basis for clinical translation.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the prevalence of dysphagia after treatment in patients with head and neck cancer.Methods:The Wanfang, CNKI, Web of Science, Embase, and PubMed databases were searched from their inception to May 2025. Two researchers independently performed literature screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. The pooled prevalence and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used as effect measures, with heterogeneity assessed using the I2 statistics. Sensitivity analysis was conducted by a leave-one-out approach, and publication bias was evaluated using Egger's test and funnel plots. Results:A total of 18 studies were included, comprising 2,518 patients with head and neck cancer, of whom 1,303 were diagnosed with dysphagia. The meta-analysis showed that the overall prevalence of dysphagia after treatment was 51.2% (95% CI: 42.2%-60.2%). Subgroup analysis indicated higher prevalence among males (49.8%, 95% CI: 35.6%-64.0%), Asian populations (57.7%, 95% CI: 36.8%-77.2%), tumors of the hypopharynx and larynx (45.7%, 95% CI: 39.3%-52.2%), stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ disease (46.3%, 95% CI: 34.9%-58.0%), patients receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy (51.0%, 95% CI: 41.5%-60.4%), smokers (53.0%, 95% CI: 35.1%-70.6%), studies published in 2020 or earlier (51.9%, 95% CI: 38.3%-65.4%), high-quality studies (66.5%, 95% CI: 45.1%-84.9%), and patients with a post-treatment interval ≤6 months (60.7%, 95% CI: 41.8%-78.1%) (all P<0.001). Conclusions:The prevalence of dysphagia after treatment in patients with head and neck cancer is high, with significant variations related to gender, tumor site, disease stage, geographic region, treatment modality, smoking status, publication year, study quality, and post-treatment interval. Early screening and timely intervention are recommended to improve the quality of life of patients with head and neck cancer.

Hyperglycemia is a primary biological characteristic of diabetes.It is well known that three key indicators are commonly used in clinical practice to measure plasma glucose levels,such as 2-hour postload glucose(2hPG),fasting plasma glucose(FPG),and glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c).However,the association between these indicators and breast cancer incidence remains unclear.This paper systematically reviews the relationship between plasma glucose levels and breast cancer based on the above three indicators,to provide a reference for the formulation of effective plasma glucose management strategies for the primary prevention of breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of dental pulp stem cells(DPSCs)on autoimmune hepatitis in in vivo and in vitro experiments and the related mechanism.Methods An in vitro co-culture system was used to evaluate the immunoregulatory effect of DPSCs,and 32 mice were randomly divided into healthy control group,model group,positive drug group,and DPSCs treatment group,with 8 mice in each group.The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and inflammatory factors were measured,and HE staining was used to assess liver pathological injury.An analysis of variance was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between multiple groups,and the least significant difference t-test was used for further comparison between two groups.Results The in vitro experiment showed that the positive rates of CD105,CD73,and CD90 in DPSCs were 99.97%,100%,and 99.53%,respectively,while the positive rates of CD34,HLA-DR,and CD45 were 0.56%,0.17%,and 0,respectively.DPSCs significantly inhibited the proliferation of Th1 and Th17 subsets,with inhibition rates of 31.32%and 45.76%,respectively;DPSCs promoted the proliferation of Treg(CD4+CD25+FoxP3+),with a promoting rate of 52.29%.DPSCs had an inhibition rate of 93.70%on the proliferation of lymphocytes.In the mouse model of autoimmune hepatitis,compared with the model group,the DPSCs treatment group had significant reductions in the serum levels of ALT and AST,with reduction rates of 66.8%and 60.0%,respectively(t=3.321 and 2.907,P=0.007 5 and 0.017 5)and significant reductions in the inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β,with reduction rates of 57.5%and 71.3%,respectively(t=2.484 and 2.796,P=0.039 8 and 0.020 6),and histopathological examination showed no significant improvement in periportal bridging necrosis(t=1.969,P=0.098).Conclusion DPSCs effectively alleviate immune-mediated liver injury through immunoregulation,which provides an experimental basis for clinical translation.

Hyperglycemia is a primary biological characteristic of diabetes.It is well known that three key indicators are commonly used in clinical practice to measure plasma glucose levels,such as 2-hour postload glucose(2hPG),fasting plasma glucose(FPG),and glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c).However,the association between these indicators and breast cancer incidence remains unclear.This paper systematically reviews the relationship between plasma glucose levels and breast cancer based on the above three indicators,to provide a reference for the formulation of effective plasma glucose management strategies for the primary prevention of breast cancer.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the prevalence of dysphagia after treatment in patients with head and neck cancer.Methods:The Wanfang, CNKI, Web of Science, Embase, and PubMed databases were searched from their inception to May 2025. Two researchers independently performed literature screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. The pooled prevalence and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used as effect measures, with heterogeneity assessed using the I2 statistics. Sensitivity analysis was conducted by a leave-one-out approach, and publication bias was evaluated using Egger's test and funnel plots. Results:A total of 18 studies were included, comprising 2,518 patients with head and neck cancer, of whom 1,303 were diagnosed with dysphagia. The meta-analysis showed that the overall prevalence of dysphagia after treatment was 51.2% (95% CI: 42.2%-60.2%). Subgroup analysis indicated higher prevalence among males (49.8%, 95% CI: 35.6%-64.0%), Asian populations (57.7%, 95% CI: 36.8%-77.2%), tumors of the hypopharynx and larynx (45.7%, 95% CI: 39.3%-52.2%), stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ disease (46.3%, 95% CI: 34.9%-58.0%), patients receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy (51.0%, 95% CI: 41.5%-60.4%), smokers (53.0%, 95% CI: 35.1%-70.6%), studies published in 2020 or earlier (51.9%, 95% CI: 38.3%-65.4%), high-quality studies (66.5%, 95% CI: 45.1%-84.9%), and patients with a post-treatment interval ≤6 months (60.7%, 95% CI: 41.8%-78.1%) (all P<0.001). Conclusions:The prevalence of dysphagia after treatment in patients with head and neck cancer is high, with significant variations related to gender, tumor site, disease stage, geographic region, treatment modality, smoking status, publication year, study quality, and post-treatment interval. Early screening and timely intervention are recommended to improve the quality of life of patients with head and neck cancer.

Objective: To address the relation among pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), genetic vulnerability and ovarian cancer (OC) risk, we assessed the association between PID and OC risk, alongside the interplay with germline homologous recombination repair (gHR) mutation, utilizing the UK Biobank. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank by tracking OC incidences between individuals with and without a PID history. Identification of gHR mutations (BRCA1, BRCA2, RAD51C, RAD51D, BRIP1) carriers were accomplished through paired whole-exome sequencing data. We used Cox’s regression models to evaluate the hazard ratios (HRs) for OC risks under PID. Results: In the large prospective cohort study, the adjusted HR for OC in patients with PID was 1.45 (95% confidence interval [CI]=0.90, 2.32) compared with those with non-PID.Intriguingly, age-stratified analysis unveiled a positive association between PID history and OC risk in those aged under 55 years (HR=1.92; 95% CI=1.02, 3.63). Moreover, individuals aged younger than 55 years harboring both a history of PID and gHR mutations exhibited the highest risk of OC (HR=7.40; 95% CI=1.03, 53.10). Conclusion An association between PID and OC risk emerged, notably in the subgroup aged younger than 55 years old. Individuals with both a PID history and gHR mutations exhibited the highest risk of OC. These findings imply PID as a potential precursor for OC, underscoring the importance of early intervention, particularly in the younger population with gHR mutations.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Linggui Zhugantang on mitochondrial fission and fusion and silencing information regulator 3（Sirt3）/adenosine monophosphate dependent protein kinase （AMPK） signaling pathway in chronic heart failure （CHF） rats after myocardial infarction （MI）. MethodSD rats randomly divide into sham operation group （normal saline ，thread only without ligature）， model group （normal saline， ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery proximal to the heart）， Linggui Zhugantang group （4.8 g·kg^-1） and Captopril group （0.002 57 g·kg^-1）， with 10 rats in each group. Administere drug continuously for 28 days. Echocardiography detected cardiac function parameters. Hematoxylin eosin （HE） staining observed the pathological changes of the heart. Immunofluorescence detected the levels of reactive oxygen species （ROS）. JC-1 detect mitochondrial membrane potential. Colorimetry measure adenosine triphosphate （ATP）， superoxide dismutase （SOD）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， mitochondrial respiratory chain complex activity （Ⅰ-Ⅳ）. TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） staining detected the apoptosis rate of myocardial tissue. Western blot detected protein expression levels of Sirt3， phosphorylated AMPK （p-AMPK）， phosphorylated dynamic-related protein 1（p-Drp1）， mitochondrial fission protein 1（Fis1）， mitochondrial fission factor （MFF）， optic atrophy protein 1（OPA1）. ResultCompared to the sham group， the left ventricular end diastolic diameter （LVIDd） and left ventricular end systolic diameter （LVIDs） were significantly increased in model group （P<0.01）， while the left ventricular short axis shortening rate （LVFS） and left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF） were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. There were inflammatory cell infiltration and obvious pathological injury in myocardial tissue. ROS， MDA levels and myocardial cell apoptosis rate were significantly increased （P<0.01）， SOD level， ATP content， and membrane potential were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. The activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes （Ⅰ-Ⅳ） was significantly decreased （P<0.01）. Levels of p-Drp1， Fis1， MFF proteins were significantly up-regulated （P<0.01）， while Sirt3， p-AMPK， OPA1 proteins level were significantly down-regulated （P<0.01）. Compared with model group， LVIDd and LVIDs were significantly decreased （P<0.01）， LVEF and LVFS were significantly increased （P<0.01）. Inflammatory cell infiltration and pathological damage of myocardial tissue were significantly relieved. ROS， MDA levels and myocardial cell apoptosis rate were significantly decreased in Linggui Zhugantang group and Captopril group （P<0.01）， SOD level， ATP content， and membrane potential significantly increased （P<0.01）. The activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes （Ⅰ-Ⅳ） increased significantly （P<0.01），and p-Drp1， Fis1， MFF protein levels were significantly down-regulated （P<0.01）， Sirt3， p-AMPK， OPA1 protein were significantly up-regulated （P<0.01）. ConclusionLinggui Zhugantang can alleviate oxidative stress and apoptosis damage of myocardial cells， maintain mitochondrial function stability， and its effect may be related to mitochondrial mitosis fusion and Sirt3/AMPK signaling pathway.

The relationship between the duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the risk of female reproductive malignancies is complex and multifaceted. Large population cohort studies revealed a negative association between the duration of T2DM and the incidence of breast cancer and endometrial cancer. Furthermore, the risk of breast and endometrial cancer is the highest within a short time after T2DM diagnosis and remains remarkably higher in patients with longer diabetes duration than in the nondiabetic population. This phenomenon suggests causal reverse bias and potential detection bias. Nevertheless, T2DM remains an important risk factor for breast and endometrial cancer. Research on the association between diabetes with cervical and ovarian cancer is limited, and results vary by region. Future epidemiological studies should focus on large prospective studies with long follow-up to further investigate this association. Research into the biological mechanisms linking diabetes and female reproductive cancers is also necessary to develop effective cancer prevention and early intervention strategies.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of sakubatril valsartan combined with tolvaptan in the treatment of heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction(HFrEF)and the effects on echocardiography and cardiovascular events.Methods According to the random number table method,400 patients with HFrEF admitted to the First People's Hospital from September 2017 to January 2022 were divided into the control group and the combination group with 200 cases each.Both groups were given conventional treatment,based on which the control group was given sacubitril valsartan and the combination group was given sacubitril valsartan combined with tolvaptan.The efficacy,echocardiographic indexes[left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular end-diastolic internal diameter(LVEDD),left ventricular end-systolic internal diameter(LVESD)],myocardial injury indexes[serum brain natriuretic peptide(BNP),high-sensitivity troponin T(hs-CTnT),growth transforming factor-15(GDF-15)],urine output,neuroendocrine factors[antidiuretic hormone(ADH),angiotensin(PRA),angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)],cardiovascular events and adverse effects were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate was 94.50%(189/200)higher in the combined group than 86.00%(172/200)in the control group(P＜0.05);LVEF was high-er in the combined group than in the control group after treatment,and LVEDD and LVESD were lower than in the control group(P＜0.05);BNP,hs-CTnT,GDF-15,ADH PRA,and Ang II were lower in the combined group than in the control group,and urine volume was higher than in the control group(P＜0.05);at 6-month follow-up after treatment,there were no statistically significant differences in the rehospitalization rate of heart failure,the incidence of non-fatal infarction,post-discharge cardiovascular mortali-ty and all-cause mortality in the combined group compared with those of the control group(P＞0.05);there were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of adverse events in the combined group compared with that of the control group(P＞0.05).Conclusion Sacubitril valsartan combined with tolvaptan is effective in treating HFrEF,by reducing myocardial inju-ry,promoting urination,and improving patients'cardiac function without increasing the risk of cardiovascular events and adverse reactions.