Objective To investigate the characteristics of Chinese medicine syndromes and the possible metabolic substance basis of spontaneously hypertensive rat(SHR).Methods 10-week-old SPF SHR and WKY of the same strain were divided into SHR group and WKY group with 8 rats in each group.The general state,temperament,peripheral vascular filling,tongue characteristics,diet,water intake,urine and feces volume and characteristics,blood pressure,heart rate,respiratory rate,pain threshold,and open field behavior of SHR rats were observed and tested comprehensively to identify the possible syndrome types of Chinese medicine.At the same time,liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was used to analyze non-targeted serum metabolites to preliminarily reveal the material basis of blood pressure elevation and Chinese medicine syndrome manifestations.Results Compared with WKY group,the scores of dark yellow hair color,irritable degree and peripheral capillary filling were higher in SHR group(P＜0.0001).Red tongue color,dry tongue,little body fluid;24 h diet and water intake,urine volume and fecal volume were less(P＜0.05),fecal water content was lower(P＜0.001);systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR)and respiratory rate(RR)were significantly higher(P＜0.05);Lower pain threshold(P＜0.0001);The open field experiment shows that the moving distance and residence time of the edge are longer(P＜0.001).Serum non-targeted metabolomics result showed that,compared with WKY group,the SHR group had 114 metabolites with significant differences(P＜0.05).These differential metabolites were mainly lipids and lipid-like molecules(40.35％),organic acids and derivatives(22.8％),and organoheterocyclic compounds(15.79％).A total of 25 metabolic pathways were identified by KEGG enrichment analysis.Further differential abundance analysis showed that 16 pathways were activated,only 4 pathways were inhibited,and 5 pathways were not significantly changed.The glutamatergic synapse and GABAergic synapse were activated,while the serotonergic synapse was inhibited.Conclusions The symptoms of SHR include impatience and irritability,peripheral vascular dilation and collateral circulation formation,bulbar conjunctival congestive swelling,red tongue coloration,a dry tongue,constipation,red-yellow urine of low volume,and a rapid heart rate and high respiratory rate.All these suggest that SHR is a syndrome of hypertension with hyperactivity of liver-yang.The material basis of SHR is not only related to lipid,amino acid,and carbohydrate metabolism disorders,but also may be related to metabolic disorders of glutaminergic,GABAergic,and serotonergic neural pathways.

Objective:To investigate the effect of metaphorical acceptance-based intervention on alleviating negative emotions in college students.Methods:Totally 112 college students were assigned to the metaphorical in-tervention group(n=40),the non-metaphorical intervention group(n=36),and the control group(n=36).Both intervention groups received online group intervention once a week for 2 weeks,while the control group received no intervention.The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7),Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9),Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-2nd Edition(AAQ-Ⅱ),and a self-report acceptance item were used to assess participants'anxiety,depression,experiential avoidance,and acceptance at baseline,2-week post-intervention,1-week follow-up,and 3-week follow-up.Results:After 2-week interventions,the scores of GAD-7,PHQ-9,and AAQ-Ⅱ in the meta-phorical group were lower than that at baseline,and the scores of self-report acceptance were higher than that at baseline(Ps＜0.01).In the non-metaphorical group,the scores of GAD-7 at 1-week follow-up,the scores of PHQ-9 at 2-week post-intervention and 1-week follow-up,and the scores of AAQ-Ⅱ after 2-week post-intervention were all lower than that at baseline(Ps＜0.05).The scores of self-report acceptance after 2 weeks post-intervention were all higher than baseline(Ps＜0.001).The decrease of scores of AAQ-Ⅱ only mediated the reduction of scores of GAD-7(95％CI=-2.39--0.38)and PHQ-9(95％CI=-2.65--0.44)caused by metaphorical acceptance-based intervention.Conclusion:Online metaphorical acceptance-based intervention may have larger efficacy than non-metaphorical intervention in continuously alleviating anxiety,and the reduction of experiential avoidance plays an important role in alleviating anxiety and depression in metaphorical acceptance-based intervention.

Objective:To investigate the effect of metaphorical acceptance-based intervention on alleviating negative emotions in college students.Methods:Totally 112 college students were assigned to the metaphorical in-tervention group(n=40),the non-metaphorical intervention group(n=36),and the control group(n=36).Both intervention groups received online group intervention once a week for 2 weeks,while the control group received no intervention.The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7),Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9),Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-2nd Edition(AAQ-Ⅱ),and a self-report acceptance item were used to assess participants'anxiety,depression,experiential avoidance,and acceptance at baseline,2-week post-intervention,1-week follow-up,and 3-week follow-up.Results:After 2-week interventions,the scores of GAD-7,PHQ-9,and AAQ-Ⅱ in the meta-phorical group were lower than that at baseline,and the scores of self-report acceptance were higher than that at baseline(Ps＜0.01).In the non-metaphorical group,the scores of GAD-7 at 1-week follow-up,the scores of PHQ-9 at 2-week post-intervention and 1-week follow-up,and the scores of AAQ-Ⅱ after 2-week post-intervention were all lower than that at baseline(Ps＜0.05).The scores of self-report acceptance after 2 weeks post-intervention were all higher than baseline(Ps＜0.001).The decrease of scores of AAQ-Ⅱ only mediated the reduction of scores of GAD-7(95％CI=-2.39--0.38)and PHQ-9(95％CI=-2.65--0.44)caused by metaphorical acceptance-based intervention.Conclusion:Online metaphorical acceptance-based intervention may have larger efficacy than non-metaphorical intervention in continuously alleviating anxiety,and the reduction of experiential avoidance plays an important role in alleviating anxiety and depression in metaphorical acceptance-based intervention.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of Chinese medicine syndromes and the possible metabolic substance basis of spontaneously hypertensive rat(SHR).Methods 10-week-old SPF SHR and WKY of the same strain were divided into SHR group and WKY group with 8 rats in each group.The general state,temperament,peripheral vascular filling,tongue characteristics,diet,water intake,urine and feces volume and characteristics,blood pressure,heart rate,respiratory rate,pain threshold,and open field behavior of SHR rats were observed and tested comprehensively to identify the possible syndrome types of Chinese medicine.At the same time,liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was used to analyze non-targeted serum metabolites to preliminarily reveal the material basis of blood pressure elevation and Chinese medicine syndrome manifestations.Results Compared with WKY group,the scores of dark yellow hair color,irritable degree and peripheral capillary filling were higher in SHR group(P＜0.0001).Red tongue color,dry tongue,little body fluid;24 h diet and water intake,urine volume and fecal volume were less(P＜0.05),fecal water content was lower(P＜0.001);systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR)and respiratory rate(RR)were significantly higher(P＜0.05);Lower pain threshold(P＜0.0001);The open field experiment shows that the moving distance and residence time of the edge are longer(P＜0.001).Serum non-targeted metabolomics result showed that,compared with WKY group,the SHR group had 114 metabolites with significant differences(P＜0.05).These differential metabolites were mainly lipids and lipid-like molecules(40.35％),organic acids and derivatives(22.8％),and organoheterocyclic compounds(15.79％).A total of 25 metabolic pathways were identified by KEGG enrichment analysis.Further differential abundance analysis showed that 16 pathways were activated,only 4 pathways were inhibited,and 5 pathways were not significantly changed.The glutamatergic synapse and GABAergic synapse were activated,while the serotonergic synapse was inhibited.Conclusions The symptoms of SHR include impatience and irritability,peripheral vascular dilation and collateral circulation formation,bulbar conjunctival congestive swelling,red tongue coloration,a dry tongue,constipation,red-yellow urine of low volume,and a rapid heart rate and high respiratory rate.All these suggest that SHR is a syndrome of hypertension with hyperactivity of liver-yang.The material basis of SHR is not only related to lipid,amino acid,and carbohydrate metabolism disorders,but also may be related to metabolic disorders of glutaminergic,GABAergic,and serotonergic neural pathways.

Objective:To analyze the protective effect of weight-loss based exercises on the knee joints of patients with simple obesity.Methods:This study was a randomized controlled trial, 60 patients with simple obesity who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and treated at the Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from April 2021 to April 2022 were selected as subjects. The patients were randomly divided into a power bicycle group (weight-loss, 30 cases) and a moving treadmill training group (non-weight-loss, 30 cases) using the random envelope method. High intensity interval exercise training was conducted in the hospital: slow warm-up for 1 minute, followed by rapid exercise for 3 minutes, and then rest for 1 minute. Repeated this cycle twice to form one set, and to perform 3 sets per session, 5 times per week, for a continuous training of 12 weeks. In addition, patients were not allowed to participate in other sports activities, and they should maintain their original dietary habits and patterns unchanged. Body mass index and body fat percentage were measured before and after treatment, and the cases with knee pain were recorded. The volume of knee cartilage was measured using magnetic resonance imaging. The local skin temperature of the knee was measured using an electronic thermometer before and after each training session. The t-tests, Pearson-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare the differences in the above indicators between two groups before and after intervention to analyze the protective effect of weight-loss based exercise on the knee joints of patients with simple obesity. Results:There was no statistically significant difference in baseline data such as gender, age, height, and weight between the two groups before the intervention (all P>0.05). After the intervention, the body mass index, percentage of body fat, and knee cartilage volume of both groups were significantly lower than before the intervention, and the incidence of knee pain and local skin temperature of knee were significantly higher than before the intervention (all P<0.001). The incidence of the knee pain, reduction in knee cartilage volume, and elevation in local skin temperature in the power cycling group were all significantly lower than those in the moving treadmill training group [16.67% vs 100%, 0.12 (0.05, 0.27) vs 1.68 (1.15, 2.21) cm 3, (0.17±0.09) vs (0.64±0.15)℃, respectively] (all P<0.001). And there was no statistically significant difference in body mass index and body fat percentage between the two groups (both P>0.05). Conclusion:The weight-loss based exercise has a protective effect on the knee joint of patients with simple obesity, which can avoid a reduction in volume of knee cartilage and elevation in local skin temperature, and reduce the occurrence of pain.

Objective:To explore the structural characteristics of intestinal microflora in children with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease（NAFLD）and the relationship between intestinal microflora and the occurrence as well as development of NAFLD in children.Methods:Fifteen children with NAFLD diagnosed at the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from January 2022 to December 2022 were selected as subjects，and 15 healthy children who received routine physical examinations at the outpatient clinic during the same period were randomly selected as healthy control group.The height，weight，waist circumference，blood pressure，blood biochemistry of all children were collected.At the same time，the fresh fecal samples of all children were collected，and the biological information of intestinal flora was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing.Results:In the NAFLD group，there were eight males and seven females，with an average age of（11.13±1.77）years.In healthy control group，there were seven males and eight females，with an average age of（9.73±2.25）years.There were no significant differences in sex，age，blood pressure between two groups.Compared with the healthy control group，the levels of body mass index，waist circumference，waist-to-height ratio，alanine aminotransferase，aspartate transaminase，gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase，total bilirubin，direct bilirubin，unconjugated bilirubin，low density lipoprotein cholesterol，uric acid and serum insulin significantly increased and high density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly decreased in NAFLD group（ P<0.05）.The results of species diversity analysis showed that chaol index and observed-species index in NAFLD group were significantly higher than those in healthy control group（ P<0.05）.Species diversity analysis showed that the species with increased abundance in NAFLD group included：Proteobacteria，Gammaproteobacteria，Enterobacteriaceae，Klebsiella，Escherichia-Shigella，Escherichia-Shigella-unclassified.Differential species with increased abundance in the healthy control group included：Bifidobacterium species，Bifidobacterium，Bifidobacteriaceae，Bifidobacteriales，Actinobacteria，Actinobacteriota，Bacteroidia，Bacteroidales，Streptococcus-thermophilus. Conclusion:There are metabolic abnormalities and obvious changes in the structure of intestinal flora in children with NAFLD.Exogenous supplementation of Bifidobacterium，Streptococcus thermophilus and Bacteroides may prevent the occurrence of NAFLD，delay the progression of disease and improve fat deposition in the liver.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical relevant effect of hospital-wide blood glucose management in perioperative cholelithiasis patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods:The subjects of the study were patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with cholelithiasis who were treated at the Baiqiu'en Hospital in Shanxi from September 2022 to October 2023. The patients were divided into hospital-wide blood sugar management group and conventional treatment group, according to different blood glucose management they received. The differences in preoperative blood glucose control, length of stay, postoperative complications, and hospitalization expenses between the two groups were compared.Results:Compare based on the median (quartiles) of the observed indicators, patients with cholelithiasis who underwent hospital-wide blood glucose management based on insulin pumps had a higher proportion of time in range [72.00(70.21, 82.90)% vs. 64.80 (61.55,70.50)%, P<0.001)], lower average blood glucose level [9.00 (8.55, 10.44) mmol/L vs. 11.50 (10.50, 12.50) mmol/L, P<0.001], and shorter hospital stay [8.00 (7.00,13.00) days vs. 10.00 (8.00, 12.00) ) days, P<0.05]. Moreover, the incidence of postoperative complications was lower [5(11.11)% vs. 15(33.33)%, P<0.05], and hospitalization expenses were lower [16 535.34 (14 271.44, 29 569.23) yuan vs. 18 633.85 (17 482.66) yuan , 22 855.02) yuan, P<0.05] in patients who received hospital-wide blood glucose management. Conclusion:Hospital-wide blood glucose management based on insulin pumps showed favorable effects in the perioperative clinical application in cholelithiasis patients with type 2 diabetes, and could contribute to shortening the average length of stay, reducing hospitalization costs, and reducing postoperative complications.

Objective To develop an asymmetric porous guided bone regeneration(GBR)membrane made from antibacterial zinc oxide nanoparticle(nZnO)/poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxy butyrate)copolymer(P34HB),and detect its osteogenic performance.Methods Ultrasonic dispersion technique,solvent displacement method and freeze-drying technique were used to prepare P34HB composite GBR membrane loaded with nZnO at different doses(0％,0.5％,1.0％and 1.5％).Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and energy spectrometry(EDS)were conducted to determine the load of nZnO and observe the structure of the prepared membrane.Then MC3T3-E1 cells were implanted in a 24-well culture plate with the prepared GBR membrane pre-laid in the well.Thus the experiment included blank control group(no membrane)and groups with membranes composing 0％,0.5％,1.0％and 1.5％nZnO,respectively.CCK-8 and cell scratch assays were used to detect cell proliferation capacity and migration ability.The protein adsorption capacity of GBR membrane was detected by protein adsorption experiment.The in vitro degradation of GBR membrane was tested;the activity of alkaline phosphatase(ALP)was detected with chemical test.And calcified nodules were observed with alizzarin red staining;the antibacterial ability of GBR membranes was tested with in vitro antibacterial experiments.Results Four groups of nZnO/P34HB composite GBR membranes with 0％,0.5％,1.0％and 1.5％nZnO were successfully prepared.SEM results showed that the composite membrane was porous on one side and dense on the other side.EDS indicated the incorporation of zinc elements in the composite membrane.The results of cell proliferation assay showed that 0.5％and 1.0％nZnO/P34HB group promoted the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells,when compared with the blank control group and 0％and 1.5％nZnO/P34HB groups(P＜0.05).The results of cell scratch assay showed that MC3T3-E1 cells in the 0.5％nZnO/P34HB group migrated significantly over the scratch edge,with the cell mobility higher than that of the other 3 membrane groups in 48 h after culture(P＜0.01).Protein adsorption experiment displayed there was no significant difference in optical density of the 4 group of membrane,indicating that the addition of nZnO had no effect on the protein adsorption capacity of the material itself.The results of enzymatic experiment showed that though the quality of the 4 membranes was continuously decreased with elapse of time,the degradation rate was still relatively lower after 28 d of treatment.ALP staining and alizarin red staining displayed that the 0.5％nZnO/P34HB group obtained the strongest ALP activity and the largest amount of calcified nodules when compared with the other 3 groups(P＜0.01).Higher mineralization was observed in the 0％and 0.5％nZnO/P 34 HB groups than the other 2 groups(P＜0.01).The results of in vitro antibacterial experiments showed that the number of colonies in the 0.5％nZnO/P 34 HB group was significantly less than that in the blank control group and the 0％nZnO/P34HB group(P＜0.01).Conclusion Our prepared P34HB composite GBR membrane loaded with nZnO is in asymmetric porous structure,and can promote cell proliferation,facilitate cell osteogenesis and have bacteriostatic ability.

Gut microecology is a complex ecosystem composed of gut microbiota and the host environment. It is a crucial factor for maintaining the host's health because it is closely related to various physiological functions, such as digestion, metabolism and immunity. Therefore, studying the gut microecology is essential for understanding the pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of disease. Recently, with the rapid advancement of molecular biology and bioinformatics technologies, significant progress has been made in the research of the gut microecology. In this review, the important technologies and strategies currently applied in gut microecology research are summarized for reference.

Gut microecology is a complex ecosystem composed of gut microbiota and the host environment. It is a crucial factor for maintaining the host's health because it is closely related to various physiological functions, such as digestion, metabolism and immunity. Therefore, studying the gut microecology is essential for understanding the pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of disease. Recently, with the rapid advancement of molecular biology and bioinformatics technologies, significant progress has been made in the research of the gut microecology. In this review, the important technologies and strategies currently applied in gut microecology research are summarized for reference.