OBJECTIVE T o explore the action mechanisms of Ganghuo Qingwen granules(GHQWG)in treatment of influenza based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technique.METHODS The TCMSP database was logged in to search for active compounds,targets of GHQWG and targets of influenza so as to screen out the intersected targets between HGQWG and influenza and establish a drug-ingredient-target network.The poten-tial mechanisms were analyzed by means of protein-protein interaction analysis,Gene Ontology(GO)function an-notation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment,and the activity of binding the key targets with ingredients was validated by molecular docking.RESULTS GHQWG contained 90 types of po-tential active ingredients,312 active ingredient targets,1996 influenza targets and 134 intersection targets.The core ingredients included quercetin,kaempferol and luteolin;the key targets involved V-Rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A(RELA),tumor protein 53(TP53),mitogen-activated protein kinase 3(MAPK3),tumor necrosis factor(TNF),serine/threonine kinase proteins 1(AKT1)and mitogen-activated protein kinase 1(MAPK1).The function enrichment showed that GHQWG could regulate the processes of gene expression,in-flammatory reaction and apoptosis.The result of KEGG indicated that GHQWG played therapeutic effect on influ-enza mainly through C type agglutinin receptor,TNF and in terleukin-17(IL-17)signaling pathway.The molecu-lar docking analysis showed that RELA,TP53,M APK3,TNF,AKT1 and M APK1 had strong activities of bind-ing with quercetin,kaempferol,luteolin,β-sitosterol,wogonin,stigmasterol,caffeic acid and isorhamnetin.CONCLUSION GHQWG may regulate the key targets of signaling pathways of C type agglutinin receptor,TNF and IL-17 through multiple ingredients-multiple targes-multiple pathway mechanisms so as to play the therapeutic effect on influenza.

Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response triggered by infection and often leads to acute kidney injury(AKI).The pathogenesis of sepsis-associated AKI is complex,involving multiple factors such as renal ischemia,inflammation and oxidative stress.In recent years,pyroptosis,a pro-inflammatory form of programmed cell death,has gradually attracted the attention of researchers.Pyroptosis is activated by inflammasomes(e.g.,the NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-related protein 3 inflammasome,NLRP3 inflammasome),accompanied by Gas-dermin D(GSDMD)-mediated formation of cell membrane pores and release of cellular contents,which leads to exacerbation of local and systemic inflammatory responses.The mechanism of pyroptosis in sepsis-associated AKI has not been fully elucidated,but AKI is directly involved in the process of renal functional impairment by indu-cing the death of renal tubular epithelial cells and exacerbating the local inflammatory response.Blockade of key molecules in the pyroptosis pathway,such as GSDMD or NLRP3 inflammasome,can significantly alleviate renal injury,suggesting that the pyroptosis pathway may be a potential therapeutic target for sepsis-associated AKI.This review summarizes the recent research progress on pyroptosis in sepsis-associated AKI,and discuss its cen-tral role in the pathogenesis,particularly focusing on the inflammasome and GSDMD pathways.Additionally,this paper analyzes the potential of focal death inhibition as a therapeutic strategy and proposes future research direc-tions with the expectation of providing references for the treatment of sepsis-related AKI.

OBJECTIVE T o explore the action mechanisms of Ganghuo Qingwen granules(GHQWG)in treatment of influenza based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technique.METHODS The TCMSP database was logged in to search for active compounds,targets of GHQWG and targets of influenza so as to screen out the intersected targets between HGQWG and influenza and establish a drug-ingredient-target network.The poten-tial mechanisms were analyzed by means of protein-protein interaction analysis,Gene Ontology(GO)function an-notation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment,and the activity of binding the key targets with ingredients was validated by molecular docking.RESULTS GHQWG contained 90 types of po-tential active ingredients,312 active ingredient targets,1996 influenza targets and 134 intersection targets.The core ingredients included quercetin,kaempferol and luteolin;the key targets involved V-Rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A(RELA),tumor protein 53(TP53),mitogen-activated protein kinase 3(MAPK3),tumor necrosis factor(TNF),serine/threonine kinase proteins 1(AKT1)and mitogen-activated protein kinase 1(MAPK1).The function enrichment showed that GHQWG could regulate the processes of gene expression,in-flammatory reaction and apoptosis.The result of KEGG indicated that GHQWG played therapeutic effect on influ-enza mainly through C type agglutinin receptor,TNF and in terleukin-17(IL-17)signaling pathway.The molecu-lar docking analysis showed that RELA,TP53,M APK3,TNF,AKT1 and M APK1 had strong activities of bind-ing with quercetin,kaempferol,luteolin,β-sitosterol,wogonin,stigmasterol,caffeic acid and isorhamnetin.CONCLUSION GHQWG may regulate the key targets of signaling pathways of C type agglutinin receptor,TNF and IL-17 through multiple ingredients-multiple targes-multiple pathway mechanisms so as to play the therapeutic effect on influenza.

Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response triggered by infection and often leads to acute kidney injury(AKI).The pathogenesis of sepsis-associated AKI is complex,involving multiple factors such as renal ischemia,inflammation and oxidative stress.In recent years,pyroptosis,a pro-inflammatory form of programmed cell death,has gradually attracted the attention of researchers.Pyroptosis is activated by inflammasomes(e.g.,the NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-related protein 3 inflammasome,NLRP3 inflammasome),accompanied by Gas-dermin D(GSDMD)-mediated formation of cell membrane pores and release of cellular contents,which leads to exacerbation of local and systemic inflammatory responses.The mechanism of pyroptosis in sepsis-associated AKI has not been fully elucidated,but AKI is directly involved in the process of renal functional impairment by indu-cing the death of renal tubular epithelial cells and exacerbating the local inflammatory response.Blockade of key molecules in the pyroptosis pathway,such as GSDMD or NLRP3 inflammasome,can significantly alleviate renal injury,suggesting that the pyroptosis pathway may be a potential therapeutic target for sepsis-associated AKI.This review summarizes the recent research progress on pyroptosis in sepsis-associated AKI,and discuss its cen-tral role in the pathogenesis,particularly focusing on the inflammasome and GSDMD pathways.Additionally,this paper analyzes the potential of focal death inhibition as a therapeutic strategy and proposes future research direc-tions with the expectation of providing references for the treatment of sepsis-related AKI.

Objective To analyze and discuss the medication rule of professor Ruan Yan in the treatment of children with allergic rhinitis by using data mining method,and to provide reference for the clinical research and patented drugs development for the treatment of children with allergic rhinitis.Methods The outpatient medical records of professor Ruan Yan for the treatment of children with allergic rhinitis were collected.Microsoft Excel 2010 software was used for frequency statistics.SPSS Clementine 12.0 software was used for association rule analysis,cluster analysis and factor analysis to obtain the data.The frequency of use of various drugs and the association rules between drugs were obtained.Then the medication rules in professor Ruan Yan's prescription were analyzed.Results A total of 308 Chinese medicine compounds were included,involving 80 kinds of Chinese medicines,among which relieving drugs and qi-invigorating herbs were high-frequently used.The distribution of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types was mainly characterized by lung-qi deficiency-cold syndrome and lung-spleen qi deficiency syndrome.The medicinal properties were mainly spicy,warm and sweet,and most of them belonged to the lung,spleen and stomach meridians.Five core prescriptions were extracted by factor analysis.Four drug combinations were obtained by systematic cluster analysis.Conclusion Ventilating lung and opening the orifices,expelling wind and removing cold,strengthening the spleen and replenishing qi are basic therapeutic principles for professor Ruan Yan in the treatment of children with allergic rhinitis.The treatment mainly focused on dispelling evil,ventilating lung and opening the orifices,expelling wind and removing cold during the acute stage of allergic rhinitis.In the remission period,according to the principle of"treating disease must be based on its origin",the treatment should enhance children's physical fitness,tonify lung and strengthen spleen,thereby reducing recurrence.