OBJECTIVE To systematically review the efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid （TXA） for hemostasis in cancer patients before and during surgery， and to provide evidence-based reference for clinical drug use. METHODS Retrieved from PubMed， Embase， the Cochrane Library， CNKI， VIP and Wanfang databases， randomized controlled trials （RCTs） about tranexamic acid （trial group） versus 0.9% Sodium chloride injection， Lactated Ringer’s solution， Compound electrolyte solution or placebo （control group） for cancer surgery were electronically searched from the inception to June 9， 2022. After literature screening and data extraction， the quality of included RCTs were evaluated by bias risk assessment tool recommended by Cochrane system evaluator manual 5.1.0. RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis or descriptive analysis， sensitivity analysis and publication bias analysis. RESULTS A total of 2 032 patients in 22 RCTs were included for meta-analysis. Results of meta-analysis showed that the blood transfusion rate [RR＝0.59， 95%CI （0.50， 0.69）， P＜0.000 01] and the volume of erythrocyte suspension infusion [MD＝－0.53， 95%CI （－0.92， －0.14）， P＝0.007] in trial group were significantly lower than control group； there was no statistical significance in the incidence of thromboembolic events [RR＝0.44， 95%CI （0.16， 1.17）， P＝0.10] or post-operative mortality [RR＝1.27， 95%CI（0.32，5.08）， P＝0.73] between two groups. Results of descriptive analysis showed that the total blood loss and postoperative drainage volume were still controversial between two groups. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that the results were basically stable. The results of publication bias analysis showed that there was little possibility of publication bias in this study. CONCLUSIONS TXA can significantly decrease the blood transfusion， reduce the volume of erythrocyte suspension infusion， whereas does not increase the incidence of thromboembolic events and post-operative mortality in cancer surgery.

【Objective】 To analyze the implementation and problems in the process of the first policy of serious illness benefits for voluntary blood donors in China, therefore provide reference for other provinces and cities to formulate care policies for voluntary blood donors. 【Methods】 The number of blood donors who received serious illness benefits and the proportion to the total number of blood donors in that year were obtained by Excel, and their basic demographic information, illness and reasons for failing to receive benefits were analyzed. 【Results】 From 2015 to 2019, a total of 198 blood donors applied for serious illness benefits, and 159 received benefits (638 000 yuan), accounting for 0.017% of the total number of voluntary blood donors in Nanjing. The average age of the recipients was 52.66, with the proportion of males (63.5%) higher than that of females (36.5%). 52.8% (the highest proportion) got benefits of 5 000 yuan. 39 applicants failed to obtain serious illness benefits, among which 27 applicants failed during 2017 to 2018 due to unidentifiable funding source. But after Nanjing Blood Donation Regulations clarified the funding sources, the implementation of serious illness benefits policy was continued in 2018. 【Conclusion】 The implementation of serious illness benefits for voluntary blood donors presented the Nanjing municipal government's care for voluntary blood donors. The legalization of this policy is conducive to the continuity and stability of policy implementation. Relevant departments and blood centers should continue to strengthen the policy publicity and make sure the policy is implemented effectively.

Sargassum fusiforme (S. fusiforme) has been used as an ingredient in Chinese herbal medicine for thousands of years. However, there are a limited number of studies concerning its therapeutic mechanism. High performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC) analysis showed that the average molecular weight of the S. fusiforme polysaccharide, SFPS 191212, is 43 kDa. SFPS 191212 is composed of mannose, rhamnose, galactose, xylose, glucose, and fucose (at a molar ratio: 2.1 : 2.9 : 1.8 : 15.5 : 4.6 : 62.5) with α- and β-configurations. The present research evaluated the anti-tumor potential of the S. fusiforme polysaccharide in human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells in vitro. To explore the SFPS 191212's apoptosis mechanism in HEL cells, transcriptome analysis was performed on HEL cells that were incubated with SFPS 191212. The inhibitory effect of SFPS 191212 on HEL cell growth was also analyzed. It was found that SFPS 191212 inhibited HEL cell proliferation, reduced cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner, and induced an insignificant toxic effect on normal human embryonic lung (MRC-5) cells. Compared with the control group, transcriptome analysis identified a total of 598 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 243 up-regulated genes and 355 down-regulated genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed on all DEGs, and 900 GO terms and 52 pathways were found to be significantly enriched. Finally, 23 DEGs were randomly selected and confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Moreover, SFPS 191212 down-regulated the PI3K/Akt signal transduction pathway. Our results provide a framework for understanding the effect of SFPS 191212 on cancer cells and can serve as a resource for delineating the anti-tumor mechanisms of S. fusiforme.
Humans ; Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; Polysaccharides/pharmacology* ; Sargassum ; Transcriptome

Objective:To investigate the risk factors for Gleason score upgrading after radical prostatectomy in clinical low-risk prostate cancer patients aged≥65 years.Methods:A total of 485 clinical low-risk prostate cancer patients aged≥65 years at five centers of the national multi-center PC-follow database from January 2015 to March 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Data including age at diagnosis, prostate-specific antigen(PSA), MRI prostate imaging, puncture Gleason score, operation method, puncture method, positive incision margin and capsule penetration were collected.Differences in Gleason scores before and after operation were compared, and the risk factors for Gleason score upgrading after radical resection were evaluated by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results:Of 485 patients with a puncture Gleason score of 3+ 3=6, 261(53.8%)cases had postoperative pathological upgrading, in whom 228(87.4%)cases had Gleason score upgrading of 7, 22(8.4%)had Gleason score upgrading of 8, and 11(4.2%)had Gleason score upgrading of 9 or more.The rate of Gleason score upgrading was elevated with increased preoperative PSA levels, positive pelvic MRI, and higher positive rates of puncture biopsy.The incidences of postoperative capsule penetration(27.2% vs.12.5%, P<0.001)and positive incision margin(25.2% vs.17.4%, P=0.036)had statistically significant differences between the pathologically upgraded group and the pathologically non-upgraded group.Multivariate analysis showed that preoperative PSA level, percentage of positive puncture biopsies, biopsy Gleason score and pelvic MRI were independent predictors of prostate cancer. Conclusions:For clinical low-risk prostate cancer patients aged≥65 years with high risk factors for Gleason score upgrading, repeated biopsies should be carried out when necessary and the treatment plan should be adjusted accordingly.

Objective:To establish a nomogram model for predicting positive resection margins after prostate cancer surgery, and to perform the corresponding verification, in order to predict the risk of positive resection margins after surgery.Methods:A total of 2 215 prostate cancer patients from The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Hospital, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, and First Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University were included in the PC-follow database from 2015 to 2018, and a simple random sampling method was used. They were divided into 1 770 patients in the modeling group and 445 patients in the verification group. In the modeling group, the age (<60 years, 60 to 70 years, >70 years), PSA (<4 ng/ml, 4-10 ng/ml, 11-20 ng/ml, >20 ng/ml), pelvic MRI (negative, suspicious, positive), clinical stage of the tumor (T 1-T 2, ≥T 3), percentage of positive needles (≤33%, 34%-66%, >66%), Gleason score of biopsy pathology (≤6 points, 7 points, ≥8 points). Univariate and multivariate logistic analysis were performed to screen meaningful indicators to construct a nomogram model. The model was used for validation in the validation group. Results:The results of multivariate analysis showed that preoperative PSA level ( OR=2.046, 95% CI 1.022 to 4.251, P=0.009), percentage of puncture positive needles ( OR=1.502, 95% CI 1.136 to 1.978, P=0.002), Gleason score of puncture pathology ( OR=1.568, 95% CI 1.063 to 2.313, P=0.028), pelvic MRI were correlated ( OR=1.525, 95% CI 1.160 to 2.005, P=0.033). Establish a nomogram model for independent predictors of positive margin of prostate cancer. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the validation group is 0.776. The area under the ROC curve of the preoperative PSA level, percentage of puncture positive needles, puncture pathology Gleason score, pelvic MRI, postoperative pathology Gleason score were 0.554, 0.615, 0.556, 0.522, and 0.560, respectively. The difference between the nomogram model and other indicators was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The constructed nomogram model has higher diagnostic value than the preoperative PSA level, percentage of puncture positive needles, Gleason score of puncturing pathology, pelvic MRI, and postoperative pathological Gleason score in predicting positive margin.

Objective:To investigate the value of net water uptake (NWU) in predicting malignant edema (ME) in large hemispheric infarction (LHI).Methods:Fifty-six patients suffering from LHI in the General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from September 2017 to July 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, and their NWU was calculated separately. Patients were divided into two groups according to the occurrence of ME, which was defined as space-occupying infarct requiring decompressive craniectomy or death resulting from cerebral hernia in seven days from onset. The clinical characteristics were analyzed, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and respective area under curve (AUC) were used to assess the value of NWU and other factors.Results:After adjusting for atrial fibrillation, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores at admission, and time from onset to imaging, multivariable analysis showed that NWU was an independent predictor of ME ( OR=1.226，95% CI 1.040-1.446, P=0.015). According to the ROC curve, NWU≥13.08% identified ME with great predictive power (AUC=0.813;sensitivity 0.64, specificity 0.94). Conclusions:NWU is an important predictor of ME in patients with LHI. It can help identify patients at risk of ME.

A new variety "Zhebei 3(Zhejiao Pharmaceutical 2018002)" was selected and bred from multi seeded Fritillaria thunbergii mutants by systematic breeding method. From 2012 to 2016, the traits assessment, disease resistance appraisal, plot ratios and regional trials of the variety were continuously carried out. The results showed that "Zhebei 3" emerged early and had late seedlings. The average growth period was about 100 days, which was 6 days and 12 days higher than the "Zhebei 1" and "Zhebei 2". The average yield was 5 095.5 kg·hm~(-2), which was 14.42% and 17.71% higher than of the control respectively. The average proliferation rate of bulbs was 261.2%, which was 37.46% and 31.58% higher than that of the control, respectively. The propagation coefficient of bulbs was about 1∶2.6, and the total amount of peimine and peiminine was 0.172 2%, which was 4.49% and 29.47% higher than the control, respectively. The identification of disease resistance showed that it was resistance to bulb stem(soft) rot, better than the control. "Zhebei 3" has stable characters, high yield, good quality, strong disease resistance, and moderate propagation coefficient which is suitable for planting in Zhejiang province.
Disease Resistance ; Fritillaria ; growth & development ; Plant Breeding ; Plant Diseases ; Plant Roots

Objective To study the expression of BDNF and TrkB in hippocampal microglia cells of poststroke depression (PSD) rats.Methods Forty healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into normal group,depression group,stroke group and PSD group (10 in each group).Expression of BDNF and TrkB in OX42-marked hippocampal microglia cells of PSD rats was detected with immunofluorescence staining on day 29 and 57 after a MCAO model rats was established and a chronic stress depression model of rats was established by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) combined with separate breeding.Results The absorbance value of BDNF and TrkB was 83.35t5.74 and 82.35±5.74 respectively in PSD group on day 29 after the CUMS of rats was established,which was significantly lower than other 3 groups (P＜0.05),and was significantly higher in depression group than in stroke group (141.23±9.16 vs 133.31±7.89;141.23± 8.07 vs 128.62±6.92,P＜0.05).The absorbance value of BDNF and TrkB was 81.63±7.19 and 74.43±7.42 respectively in PSD group on day 57 after the CUMS of rats was established,which was lower than in other 3 groups,and was significantly lower in stroke group than normal group and depression group (93.36±7.56 vs 124.11±11.39、116.65±10.55,87.14±6.56 vs 112.58± 10.99、108.05±10.57,P＜0.05).Conclusion Hippocampal microglia cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of PSD by down-regulating the expression of BDNF and TrkB in PSD rats.

Objeetive To investigate the associations of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) level and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T polymorphism with white matter lesion (WML) in a Chinese Han population.Methods A toal of 104 patients with WML and 74 controls were recruited.Hcy level and MTHFR gene C677T polymorphism were determined.The degree of severity of the WML was evaluated using a modified Scheltens scale.Results The plasma Hcy level (median and interquartile range,16.81 [11.33-18.92] μmol/L vs.11.40 [8.28-14.23] μmol/L;Z =5.415,P =0.001) and the proportion (85.6％ vs.54.1％;x2 =28.535,P ＜ 0.001) of patients with hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in the WML group were significantly higher than those in the control group.However,there were no significant differences in the frequencies of C677T genotype (x2 =1.255,P =0.534) and allele (x2 =1.057,P =0.304).There are 89 patients with HHcy and 15 patient with normal Hcy in 104 patients with WML.The modified Scheltens scale score in the HHcy subgroup was higher that in the normal Hcy subgroup (8.06 ±5.61 vs.5.80 ±2.98;t =2.324,P=0.027).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (odds ratio[OR] 1.090,95％ confidence interval [CI] 1.049-1.133;P=0.001),hypertension (OR 1.719,95％ CI 1.645-2.307;P ＜ 0.001),and HHcy (OR 1.128,95％ CI 1.044-1.219;P =0.002) were the independent risk factors for white matter lesions.Conclusions HHcy is an independent risk factor for WML,whereas the MTHFR gene C677T polymorphism is not associated with WML.

Objective To investigate the effect of human urinary kallidinogenase (HUK) on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in mice.Methods One hundred and ten male ICR mice were randomly divided into sham operation,control and HUK groups.A cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion.The infarct volume was detected by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining.Bcl-2,Bax,and caspase-3 expression levels in the ischemic cortex were detected by Western blot.Bcl-2 and Bax positive cells in the hippocampal CA1 area on the ischemic side were detected using Immunohistochemical staining.Apoptotic cells in the ischemic cortex were detected by TUNEL staining.Results No infarction and neurological deficits were found in the sham operation group.At 24 h after ischemia-reperfusion,the infarction voltne (P ＜0.01) and neurological deficit score (P =0.02) in the HUK group were significantly lower than those in the control group;at 72 h after ischemia-reperfusion,the infarction volume (P ＜ 0.01) and neurologic deficit score (P =0.03) in the HUK group were also significantly lower than those in the control group.Westem blot analysis showed that the expression level of Bcl-2 in the ischemic cortex in the HUK group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.001),and the expression levels of caspase-3 (P ＜ 0.001) and Bax (P ＜ 0.001) in the cerebral cortex in the HUK group were significantly lower than those in the control group.No apoptotic cells were found in the sham operation group.The number of apoptotic cells in hippocampal CA1 area (P ＜ 0.01) and the number of Bax positive cells (P ＜0.01) in the HUK group were significantly less than those in the control group,while the number of Bcl-2 positive cells was significantly more in the control group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions HUK has a certain protective effect on ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice,its mechanism may be associated with the upregulation of Bcl-2 protein expression and downregulation of caspase-3 and Bax protein expression,thus inhibiting cell apoptosis.