To thoroughly implement the strategic deployment outlined in the Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Promoting the Inheritance and Innovative Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine regarding research on dominant diseases of traditional Chinese medicine and to uphold the development philosophy of equal emphasis on traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine，the China Association of Chinese Medicine has fully played a leading academic role by systematically organizing and conducting a series of academic youth salons on clinical dominant diseases of traditional Chinese medicine. On September 13，2024，the 36^th Youth Salon on Clinical Dominant Diseases was successfully held in Nanjing，focusing on the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine and the integrative traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of erectile dysfunction （ED）. The conference brought together leading experts from traditional Chinese medicine，western medicine，and interdisciplinary fields，facilitating in-depth multidisciplinary discussions that led to key consensus on optimizing traditional Chinese medicine treatment protocols for ED，researching and developing new drugs of traditional Chinese medicine，and advancing interdisciplinary development in traditional Chinese medicine. This salon systematically sorted out the clinical strengths and distinctive features of traditional Chinese medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of ED. Based on current research foundations and clinical needs，it identified key directions for future scientific layout and scientific research tackling： （1） Standardization of syndrome differentiation system of traditional Chinese medicine for ED. （2） Optimization and standardization of intervention methods of integrated traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine. （3） High-quality clinical research guided by evidence-based medicine. （4） In-depth analysis of the pharmacological mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of ED. （5） Clinical translation and application promotion of new drugs of traditional Chinese medicine. （6） Interdisciplinary integration and innovation in traditional Chinese medicine. For each research direction，key focus areas，expected objectives，and clinical value were further refined，along with the establishment of a scientifically sound priority funding level evaluation system. Therefore，building on the series of salons on the ED-focused dominant diseases of traditional Chinese medicine，this paper provides standardized guidance for clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine in ED management，effectively contributing to the high-quality development of traditional Chinese medicine. It serves as a valuable reference for national scientific and technological strategic layout， research and development decision-making in new drugs of traditional Chinese medicine，research topic planning，and clinical guideline formulation.

Background Non-optimal temperatures pose significant threats to public health. Analyzing the association between temperature exposure and the number of emergency cases of acute alcohol intoxication can provide evidence for optimizing emergency resource allocation and response strategies. Objective To analyze the overall impact and lag effects of non-optimal temperatures on the number of 120 emergency calls for acute alcohol intoxication in Wuxi, and to assess the attributable risk, in order to provide empirical evidence for formulating climate-adaptive public health strategies. Methods Call records of acute alcohol intoxication from Wuxi's 120 emergency service, concurrent air pollutant data, and meteorological data (including daily mean temperature) were collected from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2020. Distributed lag nonlinear modeling was used for time-series analysis, with cross-basis functions to capture the nonlinear relationship and lag effects between temperature and emergency volume. Confounding factors such as long-term trends, humidity, pollutants [ultimately including ozone (O₃) and fine particulate matter (PM_2.5)], day of the week, and holidays were controlled. The maximum lag period was set to 14 days. Single-day lag and cumulative lag effects of extreme temperatures were analyzed, followed by sensitivity analysis. Effects were quantified using relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI), and attributable fractions and numbers for different temperature ranges were calculated. Results A total of 10705 emergency cases of acute alcohol intoxication were included during the study period, with males accounting for 89.5% and individuals aged 18–50 years accounting for 83.4%. A non-linear "U-shaped" association was observed between daily mean temperature and the number of emergency calls, with an optimal temperature of 13.3 ℃. The effect of the extreme low temperature (1.88 ℃) was statistically significant from lag1 to lag3 after exposure (P<0.05), with the maximum effect at lag1 (RR=1.063, 95%CI: 1.002, 1.129). The extreme high temperature (32.3 ℃) showed an immediate effect, with maximum effect at lag0 (RR=1.374, 95%CI: 1.248, 1.512). The cumulative effect analysis showed that the risk associated with high temperature was the highest at lag0–3 (RR=2.000, 95%CI: 1.667, 2.399), while the risk associated with low temperature was the highest at lag0–14 (RR=1.462, 95%CI: 1.042, 2.051). The attribution analysis indicated that the mild heat (>24.7–30.8 ℃) and heat (>30.8–33.5 ℃) contributed the largest numbers of attributable cases, with 591 cases (95%CI: 56, 1032) and 190 cases (95%CI: 51, 309), respectively. The corresponding attributable fractions were 5.81% (95%CI: 0.80%, 9.94%) and 1.87% (95%CI: 0.49%, 2.96%), respectively. Conclusion Both extreme high and low temperatures significantly increase the number of 120 emergency calls for acute alcohol intoxication in Wuxi. High temperature exhibit an acute effect, while low temperature show a delayed effect. Mild heat have a significant impact on the emergency burden. It is recommended that emergency departments optimize resource allocation according to climatic characteristics and strengthen emergency responses during extreme weather to reduce alcohol-related health burden.

Objective To assess the clinical utility of single-molecule real-time technology(SMRT)in identifying triplicated α-globin genes and compound variant alleles.Methods A total of 36 samples with tripli-cated α-globin genes were collected.Among them,28 samples were confirmed by PCR flow-through hybridiza-tion and 8 samples were confirmed by Next Generation Sequencing(NGS).These 36 samples included tripli-cated α-globin genes compound variants with cis or trans arrangements unknown,such as αααanti4 2 compoundαcsα(2 cases),αααanti4.2 compound-α3.7(10 cases),and HKαα/--SEA pending confirmation(2 cases),SMRT technology was employed to detect thalassemia gene variants.Additionally,a pedigree with the genotype ofαααanti4.2 compound-α3.7 variant was recruited,including the proband(Ⅱ-1),its father(Ⅰ-1),and mother(Ⅰ-2).PCR flow-through hybridization and SMRT were employed to detect thalassemia gene variants.Results SMRT detected 35 out of 36 samples with triplicated α-globin genes,and 1 sample with quadrupllcated α-globin genes(ααααanti4.2).Among the 2 αααanti4 2 compound αCSα variant samples,both αααanti42 and αCSα were arranged in trans,with a genotype of αααanti4.2/αCSα.Among the 10 αααanti4.2 compound-α3.7 variant samples,9 samples hadαααanti4.2 and-α3.7 in a cis arrangement,with a genotype of HKαα/αα,and 1 sample had αααannti4.2 and-α3.7 in a trans arrangement,with a genotype of αααanti4.2/-α3.7.Compared with PCR flow-through hybridization,SMRT detected one case of a large segment deletion in the β-globin gene and two unknown variants,which led to an increase in the positive detection rate of approximately 10.71％(3/28).The pedigree analysis showed that the proband(Ⅱ-1)inherited αααanti4.2 and-α3.7 variants from his mother(Ⅰ-2),with a genotype of HKαα/αα,con-sistent with the SMRT detection results.Conclusion SMRT can accurately detect triplicated or quadrupllcat-ed α-globin genes,and compound variant alleles.It offers high accuracy,enables one-step identification of cis or trans arrangements,and provides comprehensive coverage of thalassemia gene variations,demonstrating its significant clinical value.

Background::Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) ranks among the foremost factors responsible for mortality on a global scale. The mortality patterns of CVDs and temporal trends in China need to be well-illustrated and updated.Methods::We collected mortality data on patients with CVD from Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s Disease Surveillance Points (CDC-DSP) system. The mortality of CVD in 2020 was described by age, sex, residence, and region. The temporal trend from 2013 to 2019 was evaluated using joinpoint regression, and estimated rates of decline were extrapolated until 2030 using time series models.Results::In 2019, the age-standardized mortality in China (ASMRC) per 100,000 individuals was 113.2. The ASMRC for males (137.7/10 5) and rural areas (123.0/10 5) were both higher when stratified by gender and urban/rural residence. The central region had the highest mortality (126.5/10 5), the western region had a slightly lower mortality (123.5/10 5), and the eastern region had the lowest mortality (97.3/10 5). The age-specific mortality showed an accelerated upward trend from aged 55-59 years, with maximum mortality observed in individuals over 85 years of age. The age-standardized mortality of CVD decreased by 2.43% (95% confidence interval, 1.02-3.81%) annually from 2013 to 2019. Notably, the age-specific mortality of CVD increased from 2013 to 2019 for the age group of over 85 years. In 2020, both the absolute number of CVD cases and the crude mortality of CVD have increased compared to their values in 2019. The estimated total deaths due to CVD were estimated to reach 2.3 million in 2025 and 2.4 million in 2030. Conclusion::The heightened focus on the burden of CVD among males, rural areas, the central and western of China, and individuals aged 75 years and above has emerged as a pivotal determinant in further decreasing mortalities, consequently presenting novel challenges to strategies for disease prevention and control.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of the perioperative exercise program in patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). Method:By convenience sampling,NSCLC patients who were admitted to the hospital in Anhui province from February to December in 2022 were selected and divided into groups based on their admission time.The control group received perioperative routine care.The intervention group received perioperative exercise interven-tion based on the perioperative routine care.The primary outcomes included pulmonary function,exercise toler-ance and early postoperative complications;the secondary outcomes included the symptom assessment,exercise self-efficacy for lung cancer patients,duration of postoperative chest drainage and hospital stay;and the safety outcomes(eg.adverse events). Result:A total of 166 NSCLC patients were included,with 88 in the control group and 78 in the interven-tion group.After the intervention,the intervention group had higher lung function,6MWD and exercise self-efficacy,and lower symptom scores compared to the control group(P＜0.05).However,there were no significant differences between the two groups in the incidence of early postoperative complications,duration of chest drainage,and hospital stay(P＞0.05).No exercise-related adverse events occurred throughout the perioperative period. Conclusion:The perioperative exercise program for NSCLC patients is effective and safe,contributing to the recovery of postoperative pulmonary function and exercise tolerance,improving postoperative symptoms and en-hancing the exercise self-efficacy.

Objective:To understand the status quo of postoperative exercise adherence in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and analyze the pathways through which disease perception, exercise self-efficacy, and coping style influence postoperative exercise adherence based on the Revised Common Sense Model (CSM) .Methods:NSCLC patients who underwent surgery in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from March to September 2023 were selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the Postoperative Exercise Adherence Questionnaire for Lung Cancer Patients, the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), and the Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale for Lung Cancer Patients.Results:A total of 245 questionnaires were distributed, with 241 valid responses collected. The postoperative exercise adherence score among the 241 NSCLC patients was (39.70±9.55). Exercise self-efficacy and coping style partially mediated the relationship between disease perception and exercise adherence, accounting for 81.31% and 13.64% of the total indirect effects, respectively. Exercise self-efficacy and coping style also had a chain mediating effect between disease perception and exercise adherence, accounting for 5.05% of the total indirect effects.Conclusions:The level of exercise adherence in NSCLC patients needs improvement. Negative disease perception not only directly negatively affects exercise adherence but also indirectly affects it through the mediating roles of exercise self-efficacy and coping style. Clinical healthcare providers should focus on guiding patients to develop healthy disease perceptions, increase their confidence in participating in exercise, and encourage the adoption of positive coping styles to enhance exercise adherence levels.

Objective: To examine the effect of SiO2 exposure on the airway surface microenvironment and NIMA-related kinase 7 (NEK7)/nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor containing pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in rats. Methods: Twenty-four specific pathogen-free male rats of the SD strain were randomly divided into the control group and the model group, of 12 rats in each group. Rats in the model group were given SiO2 suspensions through disposable tracheal intubation perfusion to model silicosis in rats, while rats in the control group was perfused with the same amount of physiological saline. The pH value and glucose level were measured in the rat bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) 14 and 28 days after modeling. Lung tissues were stained with HE and Masson and the distribution of inflammatory cells and the deposition of pulmonary interstitial collagens were observed in lung tissues under a light microscope. The expression of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), collagen type Ⅰ(ColⅠ), collagen type Ⅲ (Col Ⅲ), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), NLRP3, N-terminal domain of Gasdermin D (GSDMD-NT), caspase-1, and NEK7 was quantified in lung specimens using immunohistochemistry. Results: Lower pH values were measured in rat BALF in the model group than in the control group 14 [(6.38±0.05) vs. (6.68±0.08), P<0.05] and 28 days after modeling [(6.63±0.14) vs. (6.86±0.05), P<0.05], while higher glucose levels were seen in the model group than in the control group 14 [(0.39±0.06) vs. (0.31±0.04) mg/dL, P<0.05] and 28 days after modeling [(0.39±0.08) vs. (0.31±0.06) mg/dL, P<0.05]. HE and Masson staining showed mild to moderate alveolitis and pulmonary fibrosis in rats 14 days post-exposure to SiO2, and showed moderate to severe alveolitis and pulmonary fibrosis 28 days post-exposure. Immunohistochemistry detected higher TGF-β1, ColⅠ, Col Ⅲ, IL-1β, NLRP3, GSDMD-NT, caspase-1 and NEK7 expression in rat lung tissues in the model group than in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusions SiO2 exposure may cause changes in rat airway surface microenvironment, including BALF acidification and elevated glucose. Pyroptosis induced by activation of NEK7-associated NLRP3 inflammasome may be an important mechanism of pulmonary fibrosis caused by silicosis.

Objective:To understand the source and related factors among heterosexual casual partners among male college students for providing AIDS prevention strategies in this population.Methods:Stratified cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among 31 674 college students in 13 colleges in Zhejiang Province, from October to November, 2018. A total of 2 665 male college students who reported having had heterosexual casual behavior and the source of their sexual partners were recruited. Data on demographic characteristics, knowledge of HIV/AIDS prevention, sexual behavior, and having received AIDS-related interventions were collected. The multivariable logistics regression model was used to analyze the related factors of the source of casual heterosexual behavior partners among male college students.Results:A total of 423 male college students having casual heterosexual sex were investigated, accounting for 15.9% (423/2 665) of the male college students who self-reported having sexual behaviors and informed their sexual partners. Among them, 39.4% (147/373), 37.5% (140/373), and 23.1% (86/373) of participants had 1, 2-4, and 5 or more heterosexual casual sexual partners, respectively. 40.1% (167/416) of participants used condoms consistently with casual partners. 143 (33.8%) participants with social individual's partners were an average age of (20.27±1.40) years old. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that: when compared with one person, common acquaintances, and no heterosexual casual partners in the previous year, the factors that related to the source of heterosexual casual partners of male college students appeared as follows: the number of heterosexual casual sexual partners ≥5 (a OR=3.00, 95% CI:1.53-5.89), seeking the casual sexual partners through entertainment venues (a OR=3.04,95% CI:1.64-5.64), male college students having sex with a regular partner in the last one year (a OR=0.41, 95% CI:0.25-0.68). Conclusions:Some of the male college students had heterosexual casual sexual behaviors, with the related factors as having five or more heterosexual casual sexual partners, seeking casual sex partners through entertainment venues, and low condom use. Self-protection awareness and ability should be emphasized to advocate safe sex to reduce the risk of AIDS transmission among college students.

Objective:Childhood traumatic experiences greatly influenced the brain network activities of patients with depression,and there is an urgent need to explore the temporal dynamics for these changes.This study aims to investigate the abnormalities of resting-state electroencephalogram(EEG)microstates in eye-open state of depressed adolescents and to explore the correlations between their EEG microstates and the childhood traumatic experience. Methods:Using resting-state EEG microstate analysis,we explored the temporal dynamics of brain activity in patients with adolescent depression.This study selected 66 adolescents with depression as a patient group,and 27 healthy adolescents as a healthy control group.A modified k-means clustering algorithm was used to classify the 64-channel resting-state EEG data into different microstates.Independent sample t-tests were used to compare the microstate parameters between the 2 groups and further assciations between these parameters and childhood traumatic experience in patients were explored via using Spearman correlation. Results:In this study,significant differences were observed in the occurrence and transition probabilities of EEG microstates between the healthy control and the patient group.Notably,there was a statistically significant difference(P＜0.05)in the occurrence of microstate A across 2 groups,exhibiting a negative correlation with the emotional abuse component within the childhood trauma scores(Spearman's rho=-0.31,P=0.013).Furthermore,patient-specific,non-random transitions from microstate B to A(Spearman's rho=-0.30,P=0.015)and C to A(Spearman's rho=-0.31,P=0.013)were inversely associated with the scores of emotional abuse factors from childhood trauma in the patient group,showing statistically significant differences when comparing to the healthy controls(P＜0.05).Upon stratification into quartiles based on the emotional abuse factor scores,the occurrence of microstate A,as well as the transition rates from microstates B to A and C to A,retained statistical significance following adjustment for multiple comparisons(all P＜0.05). Conclusion:The abnormal temporal dynamics in brain networks of adolescents with depression are linked to childhood emotional abuse.Those who have suffered severe emotional abuse may show greater impairments in the brain's visual and central executive networks.EEG microstate analysis could be a potential tool for detecting adolescent depression with severe childhood trauma.