Objective: To investigate the expression pattern，underlying function and clinical significance of Guanylate-binding protein 1 ( GBP1) in pulmonary tuberculosis ( pTB) ． Methods: Immunohistochemical staining was applied to detect the expression of GBP1 in pTB specimensand control samples． Combined with Gene Expression Omnibus ( GEO) datasets ，including GSE83456 and GSE34608，receiver operating characteristic ( ROC) curve was depicted to assess the diagnostic value of GBP1 in pTB．Then，the correlation between GBP1 and related regulatory factors was analyzed by protein-protein interaction network ( PPI) ; Finally，the potential molecular mechanism of GBP1 in pTB was probed by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis( GSEA) . Results: Compared with the control group，GBP1 was significantly overexpressed in human pTB samples，including lung tissue and blood．The positive rate of GBP1 protein in pTB was 73. 9% . ROC curve analysis revealed that GBP1 might have important value in early diagnosis of pTB．GSEA analysis suggested that the hyper-expression of GBP1 was closely related to the host inflammatory response，IFN-γ/ α signaling pathway and TNF-α/ IL-6 signal transduction． Conclusion GBP1 is highly expressed in pTB tissues and is involved in the process of inflammatory response and host anti-tuberculosis infection ; GBP1 may be used as an early diagnostic marker or therapeutic target for pTB.

Objective: To analyze the value of combining the virtual monochromatic spectral (VMS) image and adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction V (ASiR-V) in low tube current dual-energy spectral imaging in head CTA, and to explore the optimal VMS and ASiR-V level while reducing the radiation dose. Method: (1) Phantom study: an Anthropomorphic PBU-60 angiographic head phantom was examined on a Revolution CT with spectral imaging mode at two different tube current. Images of different energy levels (at 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65 and 70 keV) in A group [the low tube current group (with 280 mA)] were reconstructed with the combination of filtered back projection (FBP), 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% ASiR-V. VMS images at 70 keV in B group [the routine tube current group (with 445 mA)] were reconstructed with FBP only. The standard deviation (SD), signal to noise ratio (SNR) and contrast to noise ratio (CNR) of phantom study were measured and examined by ANOVA variance analysis.(2) Clinical study: to prospectively select 40 patients (randomly divided into A and B groups with 20 patients in each group), the subjective scores of patients were assessed with a 5-point scale system and compared by the Mann-Whitney U test. The radiation dose was recorded and analyzed by t test. Results: (1) Phantom study: there were significant differences in the image noise, CNR of the simulated cerebral vessels at different energy levels of VMS image (P<0.05). VMS images at 40 to 55 keV yielded a higher CNR compared with 70 keV (P<0.05). The SNR and CNR in the low tube current group with ASiR-V 60% and ASiR-V 80% were higher than that of the FBP, ASiR-V 20% and ASiR-V 40% images in the same group (P<0.05). (2) Clinical study: the subjective scores at 55 keV and 60 keV were higher than others (P<0.05). The subject scores of 40,50 and 55 keV were increased as the proportion of ASiR-V increased. (3) The SNR and CNR of the simulated cerebral vessels and subjective scores in of the 55 keV VMS images with ASiR-V 60% and ASiR-V 80% in the low tube current patient group was higher than that of the 70 keV FBP images in the routine tube current group (P<0.05). The radiation dose of A group was lower than B group (t=23.974, P<0.05). Conclusions VMS images in low tube current spectral imaging combined with ASiR-V can significantly reduce radiation dose and ensure image quality in head CTA. The 55 keV VMS images with ASiR-V60% and 80% provide higher image quality.

AIM: To evaluate the effects of pranoprofen on the retinal structure and serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in patients with cataract surgery.

METHODS: One hundred and seventy two cataract patients(200 eyes)were enrolled in this study. All the patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group. The patients of observation group were treated with pranoprofen combined with normal post-operative therapy for 1mo. We set 4 points(1d, 7d, 15d and 30d after surgery)to dynamically analyze the fluctuation of inflammation score, central macular retinal thickness(CMT), macular foveola retinal thickness(MFRT), and the light receptor inner segment and outer segment layer(IS/OS). We set two points(before and 30d after surgery)to dynamically observe the alteration of superoxide dismutase(SOD), malondialdehyde(MDA)and VEGF.

RESULTS: The levels of inflammation index in control group were higher than those in observation group 7d, 15d and 30d after surgery, respectively(P<0.001). The levels of CMT in control group were higher than those in observation group 15d and 30d after surgery, respectively(P<0.001). The levels of IS/OS in control group were lower than those in observation group 7d, 15d and 30d after surgery, respectively(P<0.001). Both of two groups expressed a markedly increasing of SOD levels(P<0.001)and decreasing of MDA and VEGF levels(P<0.001)30d after surgery compared with those before surgery. The levels of SOD in control group were lower than those in observation group(P<0.001), whereas the contents of MDA and VEGF in control group were higher than those in observation group(P<0.001)30d after surgery.

CONCLUSION: Pranoprofen considerably relieve levels of inflammation injury and down-regulate circulating levels of VEGF, which contributes its promotion in the recovery of retinal structure after surgery.

Objective To investigate the value of "one-stop" scanning of coronary and head and neck CTA in patients with normal body mass index (18 kg/m2 ≤ BMI ≤ 25 kg/m2) using low tube voltage (80 kVp).Methods In a retrospective analysis 80 patients with normal body mass index who had completed "one-stop" scanning of coronary and head and neck CTA were divided into A and B groups according to different scanning method,and 40 consecutive cases were selected in each group.Scanning parameters of group A and group B were tube voltage 80 kV,coronary CTA tube current 550 mA,head and neck CTA tube current 500 mA,and tube voltage 100 kV,coronary CTA tube current 450 mA,head and neck CTA tube current 400 mA separately.Subjective evaluation and objective evaluation were performed on the image quality of the two groups.CT values of coronary artery and head and neck CTA trunk branch vessel,contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR),image noise (SD) and effective dose between the two groups were compared.Results The image quality of both groups met the diagnostic requirements,and there was no statistically significant difference in subjective scores between two groups (P＞0.05).The CT values of coronary arteries,the main branches of the head and neck (the common carotid artery,the internal carotid artery) and SD of head and neck CTA were significantly different between two groups (t=4.737,6.552,3.359,2.165,2.685,4.617,P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in SD of coronary CTA,CT values and CNR between head and neck vessels (middle cerebral artery) in group A and group B (P＞0.05).The effective dose of coronary CTA in group A (1.16±0.20) mSy was reduced by 51.1％ than that in group B (2.37±0.77) mSv.The effective dose of head and neck CTA in group A (0.37±0.03) mSv was reduced by 47.9％ than that in group B (0.71 ± 0.17) mSv.Conclusions The image quality with subjective evaluation met the diagnostic requirements when using a low-tube voltage for "one-stop"scanning of coronary and head and neck CTA.The CNR values were basically consistent with the conventional scanning method,and the patient effective dose was reduced by about 50％.

Objective To measure the occupation-sex stereotype, studying value and emotional stability of undergraduate nursing students (male), so as to provide further reference for exploring approaches of weakening or eliminating occupation-sex stereotype on male nursing students.Methods From November 2015 to November 2016, with method of convenience sampling, 54 undergraduate male nursing students from Grade I, II and III, from School of Nursing, of Kunming Medical University, were selected and were measured by Implicit association test (IAT), Studying value doubt scale and Eysenck emotional stability test.Results There were 34 male nursing students whose results of D-algorithm >0.5; 73.08% of the male nursing students had intensity of implicit sex stereotype>200 ms; 40.74% of the undergraduate male nursing students considered studying at the university valueless; more than 85% of the undergraduate male nursing students experienced inferiority complex or depression; over 65% were with obsession, hypochondriasis or low autonomy; a few were with anxiety or delusion of sin.Conclusions Occupation-sex stereotype is common among male nursing students. Several of the male nursing students considered studying at the university valueless. Emotional problems exist, like inferiority complex, depression, obsession and hypochondriasis.

Objective:To explore the regulation of prokaryotic ubiquitin-like protein ( Pup )-proteasome system on the persistence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by inducing Mycobacterium tuberculosis to being persistence state under hypoxia conditions and then analyzing the difference on the expression levels of Pup,Dop,PafA and Mpa gene at various time and different conditions. Methods:The total mRNA of the international standard virulent strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(H37Rv),which were cultured under hypoxia and aerobic conditions, were extracted from each group at various time and purity of the mRNA were identified.The expression of Pup,Dop,PafA and Mpa genes of M.tuberculosis strains in each group were quantified by SYBR Green I qRT-PCR,which aimed at finding the difference among the expression of Pup,Dop,PafA and Mpa genes at various time and different conditions.Results:The expression levels of Pup, Dop, PafA and Mpa genes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis under hypoxia conditions were measured at various times.The expression levels of Pup,Dop,PafA and Mpa genes:compared with the 0 d,the expression of the Pup gene was up-regulated 1.66,2.43 and 2.76-fold at 4 d,7 d,10 d respectively(P<0.05);the expression of the Dop gene was up-regulated 1.38, 1.91,2.54 and 3.28-fold at 2 d,4 d,7 d,10 d respectively(P<0.05);the expression of the PafA gene was up-regulated 1.22,1.75, 2.37 and 2.67-fold at 2 d,4 d,7 d,10 d respectively( P<0.05);the expression of the Mpa gene was up-regulated 1.66,2.21 and 2.63-fold at 4 d,7 d,10 d respectively(P<0.05).Take the aerobic conditions as control,under hypoxic conditions with the same culture time,the expression of the Pup gene was up-regulated 1.85,2.81 and 2.93-fold in 4 d,7 d,10 d respectively(P<0.05);the ex-pression of the Dop gene was up-regulated 1.20,1.76,2.01 and 3.01-fold in 2 d,4 d,7 d,10 d,respectively( P<0.05);the expression of the PafA gene was up-regulated 1.22,1.57,2.29 and 2.29-fold in 2 d,4 d,7 d,10 d,respectively(P<0.05);the expression of the Mpa gene was up-regulated 1.16,1.58,2.16 and 2.69-fold in 2 d,4 d,7 d,10 d,respectively(P<0.05).Conclusion:Under hypoxic conditions,there were significant differences on the expressions of Pup, Dop, PafA and Mpa genes at various times;what′s more, significant differences on the expressions of Pup,Dop,PafA and Mpa genes exist between hypoxic and aerobic conditions at the same time,Prokaryotic ubiquitin-like protein( Pup)-proteasome system plays a regulatory role on M.tuberculosis′s persistence.

Objective:To study the different gene expressions of Pup-proteasome system between the original drug resistance Mtb and the cultured Mtb( INH-Mtb,RFP-Mtb,SM-Mtb,EB-Mtb,MDR) which were at the different concentrations of the Mtb drug,and to explore whether the different Pup-proteasome system gene expression was relevent to the clinical isolates of Mtb-resistant which was widely spreaded in Xinjiang region. Methods:Culturing INH-Mtb,RFP-Mtb,SM-Mtb,EB-Mtb,MDR strains at Original drug resistance Medium,low concentrations of drug Medium and high concentrations of drug Medium to the logarithmic phase,and extract total RNA from each group of Mtb. Using SYBR GreenⅠreal-time PCR to detect the Pup-proteasome system expression level in different concen-trations of drug Mtb in each group of Mtb. Results: Compared with the original state of drug-resistant strains,Pup gene in INH-Mtb, RFP-Mtb,SM-Mtb and MDR strains group were down-regulated 0. 74,0. 23,0. 28,0. 57 times;Dop gene were up-regulated 1. 33,1. 63, 1. 14,2. 88 times;PafA gene were up-regulated 1. 69,1. 30,1. 58,1. 32 times;Mpa gene were up-regulated 3. 05,1. 79,1. 31,2. 27 times in low concentrations of Anti-Mtb drugs condition, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0. 05 ) . Compared with the original state of drug-resistant strains,Pup gene in INH-Mtb,RFP-Mtb,SM-Mtb,MDR strains group were down-regulate 0. 58,0. 37, 0. 43,0. 78 times;Dop gene were up-regulated 2. 62,2. 49,1. 69,2. 95 times;PafA gene were up-regulated 2. 16,1. 48,2. 02,2. 21 times;Mpa gene were up-regulated 1. 63,3. 22,1. 13,3. 94 times in the high concentrations of Anti-Mtb drugs condition,the difference was statistically significant(P<0. 05). Conclusion:Through the different concentrations of antibiotic selection pressure,these groups of Mtb strains expressions in the Pup-proteasome system of Pup gene,Dop gene,Mpa gene and PafA gene were different,The results reveal that Pup-proteasome system is associated with the drug resistance in Mtb which was spreaded in Xinjiang region.

Objective To evaluate the prognostic value of RAS association domain family 1A gene (RASSF1A) methylation in patients after hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) hepatectomy.Methods A total of 260 patients with HCC who underwent hepatectomy were enrolled.HCC tissues and tumor adjacent tissues which were 2 cm away from the tumor edge of the patients were obtained.The clinicopathological data of patients were collected.The methylation of RASSF1A in HCC tissues and corresponding tumor adjacent tissues was determined by methylation specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The correlation between the expression rate of RASSF1A methylation and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed by chi-square test.Log-rank test was performed to analyze the relation between RASSF1A methylation and overall survival rate.Univariate and multivariate Cox statistical techniques were used to identify the influence factors in the prognosis of HCC.Results Among 260 HCC tissues and corresponding tumor adjacent tissues,RASSF1A promoter hypermethylation was detected in 214 HCC tissues (82.3 ％) and 101 corresponding tumor adjacent tissues (38.8％),and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =102.824,P ＜ 0.01).There was no correlation between RASSF1A methylation and age,gender,liver cirrhosis,α-fetoprotein level,maximum diameter of tumor,Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage,hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection,smoking and alcohol drinking (all P＞0.05).The 5-year overall survival rate of patients with negative RASSF1A methylation was 93％,while that of patients with positive RASSF1A methylation was 51 ％,and the difference in overall survival rate between the two groups was statistically significant (x2 =26.556,P ＜ 0.01).Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that liver cirrhosis,BCLC stage and RASSF1A methylation were the main influence factors in the death of patients with HCC after surgery (Wald=16.767,8.791,16.286; all P＜0.01).Conclusion RASSF1A methylation is not only one of the predictive factors of survival rate in patients with HCC after hepatectomy,but also an independent prognostic factor of HCC.

Objective To study the relationship between the expression of Mycobacterium tuberculosis small heat shock protein Hsp16.3 and the apoptosis of infected mouse alveolar macrophages.Methods The laboratory mice were infected with bacterial suspension of the international standard virulent strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strains (H37Rv),Hsp16.3 gene deletion mutants of the international standard virulent of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strains(△H37Rv),or sterile saline solution (normal control)by the tail vein. After successful replication of mouse infection model in each group,we cleaved the alveolus of each group of mice and collected lavage fluid to obtain alveolar macrophages of the infected mice at days 1 ,3 ,5 ,7 ,9 ,1 1 ,1 3 and 1 5 .Then the infection status of macrophages was observed with confocal laser scanning microscopy;flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis rate of alveolar macrophages of the infected mice;Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 expressions were examined by Western blot.Results The apoptosis rate of Hsp16.3 gene was higher in deletion strain (△H37Rv)group and H37Rv strains (H37Rv)group than in control group.The apoptosis rate of alveolar macrophages in △ H37Rv group gradually increased,peaked at day 7 ,and then gradually decreased.It was significantly higher in H3 7 Rv group than in H3 7 Rv strain group from day 1 to 7 and from day 1 3 to 1 5 (P<0 .0 5 ).Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 protein expressions in the macrophages of△H37Rv group and H37Rv group were higher than those of control group.Caspase-3 expression in the microphages of △H3 7 Rv group and H3 7 Rv group gradually increased from day 1 to 7 and peaked at day 7;it peaked again at day 13 in H37Rv group.However,Caspase-3 expression remained significantly higher in△H37Rv group than in H3 7 Rv group (P<0 .0 5 ).Bcl-2 expression in △H3 7 Rv group did not change much at the early stage of infection (P<0 .0 5 ),but gradually increased after day 9 .Bcl-2 expression in H3 7 Rv group did did not change much from day 1 to 7 (P<0.05),but gradually increased after day 7.However,it remained lower in△H37Rv group than in H37Rv group,especially after 7 days(P<0.05).Conclusion Mycobacterium tuberculosis small heat shock protein Hsp16.3 can inhibit the apoptosis of macrophages during the early and late stages of infection,and this inhibition may be achieved by inhibiting the expression of apoptotic protease Caspase-3 and promoting the expression of Bcl-2 protein.

Objective:To discuss the change of ferritin ( Fn) and ferroportin expression quantity and time-related feature in the alveolar macrophages of mice , infected with different virulence of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis infected .Methods:The prepared bacte-ria of H37Rv or BCG were injected intravenously into the mice tails .On the day 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 and 15, the lavage fluids were collected and the alveolar macrophages were obtained from each group of mice .The expression of FPN and Fn were detected with ELISA and /or Western blot analysis .Results:The expression of Fn in the group of either H 37Rv or BCG infected mice was decreased on the day 7, 9 and 11, and was lowest on the day 7, which showed significantly statistical difference compared to that on the other days (P<0.05).The expression of FNP in the infected mouse macrophage was decreased gradually , which was obvious on the day 5. The expression levels reached to the lowest on the day 7 and 9.The expression was much lower than that in the negative control group (P<0.05).Conclusion:The expression of Fn and FPN in macrophages isolated from lungs of mice infected with Mycobacterium tu -berculosis H37Rv or BCG become decreased , and there is no difference between these two infected mouse groups .