ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of chronic restraint stress-induced anxiety-like behavior on the pathological progression of experimental periodontitis in mice. MethodsA total of 40 C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into two groups： normal control （Ctrl） and chronic restraint stress （CRS） （n=20）. Anxiety-like behavior was induced by 7 consecutive days of chronic restraint stress. Behavioral assessments were conducted using the open field test （OFT） and elevated plus maze （EPM） on days 8 and 9， respectively. Following behavioral evaluation， 10 mice from each group were randomly selected and subjected to experimental periodontitis by silk ligature placement at the cervical region of the right maxillary second molar. The final four experimental groups （n=10） were： normal control （Ctrl）， periodontitis alone （PD）， chronic restraint stress alone （CRS）， and chronic restraint stress with periodontitis （CP）. All mice were euthanized on day 7 post-periodontitis induction. Alveolar bone destruction was quantified by micro-computed tomography （micro-CT）. Histological analyses， including hematoxylin-eosin （HE）， Masson's trichrome， and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase （TRAP） staining， were performed to evaluate alveolar bone resorption， periodontal fiber arrangement， and osteoclast numbers. Gingival neutrophil infiltration was analyzed by flow cytometry. Neutrophil extracellular traps （NETs） in gingival tissue and serum corticosterone （CORT） levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Additionally， the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist mifepristone （RU-486） was administered to investigate the role of glucocorticoid signaling in the pathogenesis of anxiety-aggravated periodontitis. ResultsChronic restraint stress successfully induced anxiety-like behavior in mice and exacerbated periodontitis progression. Micro-CT and histological analyses revealed that， compared with the PD group， the CP group exhibited aggravated alveolar bone resorption， more severe periodontal fiber destruction， and increased osteoclast numbers. Flow cytometry demonstrated significantly elevated gingival neutrophil proportions in the CP group relative to the PD group. ELISA analysis revealed significantly elevated NETs expression in gingival tissues and markedly increased serum CORT levels in the CP group compared to the PD group. RU-486 intervention effectively downregulated NETs expression in gingival tissues and attenuated the progression of anxiety-aggravated periodontitis. ConclusionAnxiety induced by chronic restraint stress activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis， promotes glucocorticoid release， subsequently upregulates neutrophil extracellular trap formation， and ultimately exacerbates alveolar bone destruction and tissue inflammation in experimental periodontitis.

Iodine is an indispensable trace element in the human body and its intake level is closely related to thyroid function. Iodine deficiency or iodine excess will lead to iodine-related diseases. The implementation of the universal salt iodization policy of China has achieved remarkable results, yet it is still facing the problems of iodine deficiency and iodine excess at present. Since iodine in the human body is mainly metabolized by the kidneys and excreted in urine, urinary iodine test has become an effective way to reflect the recent iodine nutrition status of the body. This article will discuss the current iodine nutrition status of the population in China, the hazards of iodine deficiency and iodine excess, as well as the clinical application of urinary iodine test.

With the improvement of diagnosis and treatment level, most breast cancer patients survive in a chronic state for a long time, and the issue of concomitant diseases of breast cancer (CDBC) has become increasingly prominent. All-round and full-cycle management of these comorbidities can help improve patients’ quality of life and prognosis. General practice, with its long-term, comprehensive and responsible health care that is person-centered, family-based, community-wide and oriented to the maintenance and promotion of overall health, presents new opportunities for the health management of CDBC. This article will explore the application of consultation-liaison general practice through the integrated general and specialist care in the comprehensive management of CDBC, aiming to raise people’s awareness of it and promote the development of consultation-liaison general practice and the management model of the "Internet plus general practitioner team" , which will surely contribute to the all-round management of concomitant diseases in breast cancer patients.

Parathyromegaly refers to chronic enlargement of the parathyroid glands caused by multiple etiological factors. Pathological conditions, such as hyperparathyroidism, parathyroid hyperfunction, parathyroid adenoma, parathyroid cysts, and parathyroid carcinoma may all lead to parathyromegaly. Notably, calcium intake insufficiency and/or vitamin D insufficiency (CVI), which is the predominant etiology of parathyromegaly, now has been recognized as a global public health challenge. Chronic CVI induces negative calcium balance and relative low serum calcium level, stimulating compensatory parathyroid hyperplasia and enlargement. This progression triggers parathyroid hyperfunction and secondary hyperparathyroidism, resulting in bone mass loss, height reduction, kyphosis, osteoporosis, pathological fractures, metastatic vascular calcification and systemic abnormal calcium migration and calcinosis (such as urolithiasis). During the early stages of parathyromegaly, the condition remains preventable and treatable; However, delayed intervention may lead to irreversible tertiary hyperparathyroidism. CVI-associated parathyromegaly exhibits high prevalence and heterogeneous clinical manifestations, representing a critically underrecognized clinical entity. This article will systematically discuss the etiology, pathological characteristics, clinical consequences, and prevention and control strategies for CVI-related parathyromegaly.

Patients with initially diagnosed breast cancer and uncontrolled hyperthyroidism are at high risk of perioperative thyroid crisis. This article reports two cases of early-stage breast cancer initially diagnosed concurrently with uncontrolled primary hyperthyroidism. In Case 1, the patient received neoadjuvant chemotherapy to control breast cancer progression while concurrently taking antithyroid drugs to manage hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism was controlled during chemotherapy, and the patient successfully underwent surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Case 2 involved recurrent primary hyperthyroidism with leukopenia after antithyroid drug therapy. Since leukopenia is a relative contraindication for antithyroid drugs, the patient underwent radioactive iodine therapy (iodine-131) and endocrine therapy for one month before proceeding with breast cancer surgery. Through a literature review, this article analyzes preoperative management strategies for uncontrolled hyperthyroidism in initially diagnosed breast cancer patients, emphasizing the importance of normalizing thyroid function to prevent thyroid crisis and reduce perioperative risks.

Iodine is an indispensable trace element in the human body and its intake level is closely related to thyroid function. Iodine deficiency or iodine excess will lead to iodine-related diseases. The implementation of the universal salt iodization policy of China has achieved remarkable results, yet it is still facing the problems of iodine deficiency and iodine excess at present. Since iodine in the human body is mainly metabolized by the kidneys and excreted in urine, urinary iodine test has become an effective way to reflect the recent iodine nutrition status of the body. This article will discuss the current iodine nutrition status of the population in China, the hazards of iodine deficiency and iodine excess, as well as the clinical application of urinary iodine test.

With the improvement of diagnosis and treatment level, most breast cancer patients survive in a chronic state for a long time, and the issue of concomitant diseases of breast cancer (CDBC) has become increasingly prominent. All-round and full-cycle management of these comorbidities can help improve patients’ quality of life and prognosis. General practice, with its long-term, comprehensive and responsible health care that is person-centered, family-based, community-wide and oriented to the maintenance and promotion of overall health, presents new opportunities for the health management of CDBC. This article will explore the application of consultation-liaison general practice through the integrated general and specialist care in the comprehensive management of CDBC, aiming to raise people’s awareness of it and promote the development of consultation-liaison general practice and the management model of the "Internet plus general practitioner team" , which will surely contribute to the all-round management of concomitant diseases in breast cancer patients.

Parathyromegaly refers to chronic enlargement of the parathyroid glands caused by multiple etiological factors. Pathological conditions, such as hyperparathyroidism, parathyroid hyperfunction, parathyroid adenoma, parathyroid cysts, and parathyroid carcinoma may all lead to parathyromegaly. Notably, calcium intake insufficiency and/or vitamin D insufficiency (CVI), which is the predominant etiology of parathyromegaly, now has been recognized as a global public health challenge. Chronic CVI induces negative calcium balance and relative low serum calcium level, stimulating compensatory parathyroid hyperplasia and enlargement. This progression triggers parathyroid hyperfunction and secondary hyperparathyroidism, resulting in bone mass loss, height reduction, kyphosis, osteoporosis, pathological fractures, metastatic vascular calcification and systemic abnormal calcium migration and calcinosis (such as urolithiasis). During the early stages of parathyromegaly, the condition remains preventable and treatable; However, delayed intervention may lead to irreversible tertiary hyperparathyroidism. CVI-associated parathyromegaly exhibits high prevalence and heterogeneous clinical manifestations, representing a critically underrecognized clinical entity. This article will systematically discuss the etiology, pathological characteristics, clinical consequences, and prevention and control strategies for CVI-related parathyromegaly.

Patients with initially diagnosed breast cancer and uncontrolled hyperthyroidism are at high risk of perioperative thyroid crisis. This article reports two cases of early-stage breast cancer initially diagnosed concurrently with uncontrolled primary hyperthyroidism. In Case 1, the patient received neoadjuvant chemotherapy to control breast cancer progression while concurrently taking antithyroid drugs to manage hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism was controlled during chemotherapy, and the patient successfully underwent surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Case 2 involved recurrent primary hyperthyroidism with leukopenia after antithyroid drug therapy. Since leukopenia is a relative contraindication for antithyroid drugs, the patient underwent radioactive iodine therapy (iodine-131) and endocrine therapy for one month before proceeding with breast cancer surgery. Through a literature review, this article analyzes preoperative management strategies for uncontrolled hyperthyroidism in initially diagnosed breast cancer patients, emphasizing the importance of normalizing thyroid function to prevent thyroid crisis and reduce perioperative risks.

Objective: To investigate the biocompatibility of copper-gadolinium nanomaterials and their antibacterial efficacy againstEscherichia coli(E.coli). Methods: Copper-gadolinium nanomaterials were prepared using a hydrothermal method, and the samples were characterized and analyzed using instruments such as transmission electron microscopy. The biocompatibility of copper-gadolinium nanomaterials was evaluated through CCK-8 experiments with mouse fibroblast cells(L929). Copper-gadolinium nanomaterials were co-cultured withE.coli, and their antibacterial performance was observed and assessed. Results: Transmission electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed the synthesis of the copper-gadolinium nanomaterials. The CCK-8 experiment results showed that the material had reliable biocompatibility within a concentration range of 0-2 μg/ml. The antibacterial experiments verified the excellent anti-E.coliactivity of copper-gadolinium, with the antibacterial effect positively correlating with concentration and co-cultivation time. When copper-gadolinium nanomaterials at a concentration of 2 μg/ml were co-cultured withE.colifor 4 hours, the antibacterial rate reached 99.99%. Conclusion The 2 μg/ml copper-gadolinium nanomaterials exhibit reliable biocompatibility and excellent anti-E.colicapabilities.