Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of category C intestinal infectious diseases among children and adolescents in Shenzhen from 2012 to 2024 and the association with meteorological factors, so as to provide a scientific basis for the targeted prevention and control of infectious diseases for children and adolescents. Methods: Using data from the "Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System" of the "China Disease Prevention and Control Information System" covering the period from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2024, the study analyzed clinical and confirmed cases of hand, foot, and mouth disease, other infectious diarrhea, and acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis among individuals aged 6-19 years old to describe demographic and temporal characteristics. It used Joinpoint regression to calculate the average annual percent change (AAPC) and annual percent change (APC) to analyze incidence trends, and Spearman s correlation was combined to generalize linear models so as to assess the association between category C intestinal infectious diseases and meteorological factors. Results: From 2012 to 2024, a cumulative total of 61 019 cases of hand, foot, and mouth disease among children and adolescents, 58 498 cases of other infectious diarrhea, and 6 377 cases of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis were reported. The AAPC in the incidence rates of these three diseases was 19.19%, 31.03% and 31.48 %, respectively(all P <0.05). Notably, the incidence of hand, foot, and mouth disease increased significantly after 2022 (APC= 133.66 %, P <0.01). The temporal distribution showed that hand,foot,and mouth disease was most prevalent in May,June and July (seasonal index of 2.39,3.64,1.97), other infectious diarrhea was most prevalent in February,March and December (seasonal index of 1.22,1.25,1.47), and acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis peaked in September and October (seasonal index of 4.22,2.16). Monthly average temperature could increase the risk of hand,foot,and mouth disease( β = 0.18 ,95% CI =0.11-0.25); as monthly average wind speed increased, the incidence of other infectious diarrhea ( β =-0.86, 95% CI = -1.50 to -0.22) and acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis ( β =-1.32, 95% CI =-2.60 to -0.05) both decreased (all P < 0.05 ). Conclusions Among children and adolescents in Shenzhen, category C intestinal infectious diseases remain prevalent throughout the year；the number of reported hand, foot, and mouth disease cases has shown an upward trend in recent years.Temperature and wind speed significantly affect the number of reported cases of three types with category C intestinal infectious diseases.

Objective To explore the method for establishing a pig left lung orthotopic transplantation model. Methods A total of 4 male Yorkshire pigs weighing (40.0±2.5) kg underwent surgical procedures, including anesthesia, tracheal intubation, donor lung procurement, and recipient lung transplantation. Histological morphology and blood gas analysis of the transplanted lungs were assessed 2 hours after reperfusion to evaluate the histological changes and function of the transplanted lungs. Results The pigs underwent left lung in situ transplantation, effectively simulating conditions relevant to human lung transplantation. Two hours after the transplantation, arterial blood gas analysis showed that arterial partial pressure of oxygen was 155.4-178.6 mm Hg, arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide was 53.1-62.4 mm Hg, and the oxygenation index was 310.8-357.2 mm Hg. Hematoxylin and eosin staining indicated a low degree of pulmonary edema and minimal cellular infiltration. Conclusion The pig left lung orthotopic transplantation model possesses strong operability and stability. Researchers can replicate this model according to the described methods and further conduct basic research and explore clinical translational applications.

After continuous development and improvement, lung transplantation has become the preferred means to treat a variety of benign end-stage lung diseases. However, the field of lung transplantation still faces many challenges, including shortage of donor resources, preservation and maintenance of donor lungs, and postoperative complications. Lung tissue samples removed after lung transplantation are excellent clinical resources for the study of benign end-stage lung disease and perioperative complications of lung transplantation. However, at present, the collection, storage and utilization of tissue samples after lung transplantation are limited to a single study, and unified technical specifications have not been formed. Based on the construction plan of the biobank for lung transplantation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, this study reviewed the practical experience in the collection, storage and utilization of lung transplant tissue samples in the aspects of ethical review, staffing, collection process, storage method, quality control and efficient utilization, in order to provide references for lung transplant related research.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of different right lung volume reduction techniques when the donor lung is oversized and mismatched with the recipient. Methods Clinical data of 10 recipients who underwent right lung volume reduction lung transplantation at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from October 2022 to June 2024 were collected, including gender, age, primary disease type, and type of transplantation. A retrospective analysis was performed on postoperative complications within 90 days, duration of mechanical ventilation, hospital stay, and survival status to explore the impact of different volume reduction techniques on the survival rate of lung transplant recipients. Results A total of 10 right lung volume reduction recipients were included in this study, with 2 cases of upper lobe reduction, 7 cases of middle lobe reduction, and 1 case of lower lobe reduction. Three recipients developed airway complications (one each with upper, middle, and lower lobe reduction). The 30-day survival rate was 90% and the 1-year survival rate was 70%. One recipient with upper lobe reduction died of septic shock during the perioperative period, one with lower lobe reduction died of airway anastomotic fistula 2 months after surgery, and one with middle lobe reduction died of renal insufficiency 1 year after surgery. All 7 recipients with middle lobe reduction successfully passed the perioperative period, with one case of airway anastomotic stenosis (1/7). The average duration of mechanical ventilation was 71 hours, and the average hospital stay was 26 days. The 30-day survival rate was 7/7, and the 1-year survival rate was 6/7. Conclusions Middle lobe reduction in right lung transplantation surgery has the advantages of low incidence of airway complications, good safety, and minimal loss of lung function, and may be a better right lung volume reduction option with potential for application.

The Maillard reaction is a complex process in which amine compounds such as amino acids， peptides， and proteins undergo condensation， polymerization， and other reactions with carbonyl compounds such as reducing sugars， ketones， and aldehydes at room temperature or under heating conditions， ultimately producing substances such as melanoidins and aromatic compounds. The processing of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） often involves heating and the addition of auxiliary materials， providing complete conditions for the occurrence of the Maillard reaction. The Maillard reaction is affected by various factors such as temperature， pH， moisture， substrate， reaction time and pressure， the progress of the reaction also affected by different processing technologies of TCM and the addition of different excipients. The Maillard reaction involves multiple substances， most of which have significant physiological activity or toxicity， affecting the efficacy and pharmacological effects of TCM. It can also produce various flavor substances and browning products that change the flavor and color of TCM. The Maillard reaction mechanism， influencing factors， related components， and the impact of Maillard reaction on various aspects of TCM processing are reviewed from multiple perspectives in this article， providing reference for the further improvement of processing mechanism and quality control of TCM.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of eye acupuncture on neural function and angiogenesis of ischemic cerebral tissue in rats, and explore the roles of METTL3-mediated m⁶A methylation and the HIF-1α/VEGF-A signal axis in mediating this effect. METHODS: Fifty SD rats were randomized into normal control group, sham-operated group, model group, eye acupuncture group and DMOG (a HIF-1α agonist) group. Rat models of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) were established using a modified thread thrombus method, and the changes in neurological deficits of the rats after interventions were evaluated. TTC and Nissl staining were used to examine the changes in infarction size and neuronal injury, and cerebral angiogenesis was detected by double-immunofluorescence staining. m⁶A methylation modification level in the brain tissue was detected by ELISA, and RT-qPCR and Western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of METTL3 and HIF-1α/VEGF-A. RESULTS: Compared with the control and sham-operated rats, the CIRI rats had significantly higher neurological deficit scores with larger cerebral infarction area, a greater number of CD31- and EDU-positive new vessels, higher expression levels of HIF-1α and VEGF-A, reduced number of Nissl bodies and m6A methylation level, and lowered METTL3 protein and mRNA expressions. All these changes were significantly improved by interventions with eye acupuncture after modeling or intraperitoneal injections of DMOG for 7 consecutive days prior to modeling, and the effects of the two interventions were similar. CONCLUSIONS Eye acupuncture can improve neurological deficits in CIRI rat models possibly by promoting cortical angiogenesis via upregulating METTL3-mediated m⁶A methylation and regulating the HIF-1α/VEGF-A signal axis.
Animals ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Methyltransferases/metabolism* ; Reperfusion Injury/physiopathology* ; Methylation ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism* ; Rats ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism* ; Brain Ischemia/metabolism* ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Male ; Up-Regulation ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; Angiogenesis ; Adenosine/analogs & derivatives*

OBJECTIVE: To explore the advantages and effectiveness of the independently developed intelligent orthopedic robot-assisted distal locking of femoral intramedullary nails. METHODS: Thirty-two adult cadaveric femur specimens were randomly divided into two groups, with 16 specimens in each group. The experimental group used the intelligent orthopedic robot to assist in the distal locking of femoral intramedullary nail holes, while the control group used the traditional method of manual locking under X-ray fluoroscopy. The locking time, fluoroscopy times, and the success rate of first locking were recorded and compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The locking time of the experimental group was (273.94±38.67) seconds, which was shorter than that of the control group [(378.38±152.72) seconds], and number of fluoroscopies was (4.56±0.81) times, which was less than that of the control group [(8.00±3.98) times]. The differences were significant [ MD=73.054 (-37.187, 85.813), P=0.049; MD=1.969 (-1.437, 2.563), P=0.002]. The first locking success rate of the experimental group was 100% (16/16), which was significantly higher than that of the control group (68.75%, 11/16) ( P=0.043). CONCLUSION The efficiency of distal locking of femoral intramedullary nails assisted by the intelligent orthopedic robot is significantly higher than that of the traditional manual locking method under fluoroscopy, as it can markedly reduce the time required for distal locking of femoral intramedullary nails, decrease intraoperative radiation exposure, and increase the success rate of locking.
Humans ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/instrumentation* ; Bone Nails ; Fluoroscopy ; Femur/diagnostic imaging* ; Femoral Fractures/surgery* ; Robotic Surgical Procedures/instrumentation* ; Cadaver ; Adult ; Robotics ; Male

Objective In response to the practical issues of pilot ground simulation ejection training relying on subjective evaluation,which requires high professionalism and lacks objectivity and systematicity,an objective evaluation system and method for ejection training based on pressure detection has been designed.Methods According to the rules of ejection training about posture,maneuver and time,and utilizing technologies such as pressure detection,infrared detection,and time-triggered detection,this paper designed separate modules for ejection posture detection,ejection timing detection,and comprehensive analysis and evaluation.These modules are closely integrated with the ejection training process,achieving objective evaluation of the ejection training.Results This system and method can provide a scientific and real-time objective evaluation of the posture,movements,and time in ejection training without affecting the normal organization and process.Conclusion The objective evaluation system can provide a new approach that is highly objective and easy to operate for comprehensively evaluating and enhancing the effectiveness of ejection training,as well as for scientifically conducting ejection training and assessment.

Identifying drug-drug interactions (DDIs) is essential to prevent adverse effects from polypharmacy. Although deep learning has advanced DDI identification, the gap between powerful models and their lack of clinical application and evaluation has hindered clinical benefits. Here, we developed a Multi-Dimensional Feature Fusion model named MDFF, which integrates one-dimensional simplified molecular input line entry system sequence features, two-dimensional molecular graph features, and three-dimensional geometric features to enhance drug representations for predicting DDIs. MDFF was trained and validated on two DDI datasets, evaluated across three distinct scenarios, and compared with advanced DDI prediction models using accuracy, precision, recall, area under the curve, and F1 score metrics. MDFF achieved state-of-the-art performance across all metrics. Ablation experiments showed that integrating multi-dimensional drug features yielded the best results. More importantly, we obtained adverse drug reaction reports uploaded by Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from 2021 to 2023 and used MDFF to identify potential adverse DDIs. Among 12 real-world adverse drug reaction reports, the predictions of 9 reports were supported by relevant evidence. Additionally, MDFF demonstrated the ability to explain adverse DDI mechanisms, providing insights into the mechanisms behind one specific report and highlighting its potential to assist practitioners in improving medical practice.

Objective:To explore the surgical methods and treatment outcomes of nasal endoscopic surgery for nasal deformity secondary to unilateral cleft lip and palate, combined with nasal septal deviation, using nasal septal cartilage and bone.Methods:Eleven patients who underwent surgical treatment for unilateral cleft lip and palate secondary to nasal deformity in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Linyi People′s Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, from March 2021 to March 2023, were retrospectively analyzed. The cohort included 8 males and 3 females, aged (22.0±8.4) years (range: 17 to 35 years). Preoperatively, all of them underwent CT scanning and three-dimensional reconstruction of the nasal bones and sinuses to evaluate the size of the nasal septal cartilage and the design of the material to be taken, and to assess the degree of nasal deformity. During the operation, an open “V”-shaped incision was made through the nasal columella, and part of the septal bone and cartilage were removed under direct nasal endoscopic visualization. The septal cartilage and bony structures were used to correct the nasal deformity, and a nasal brace was used as an intraoperative support for the reconstruction of the nasal cartilage, which was then worn for 1 month after the operation to maintain a stable nasal shape. A visual analog scale (VAS) was used before and after surgery to assess the patient′s satisfaction with the nasal shape and the degree of nasal ventilation. Corresponding data on both sides of the external nose were measured, including nasal tip height, nostril height, nostril width, nasal base width, and nasal columella inclination, to assess the symmetry of the external nose objectively. SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis to evaluate the surgical results.Results:The surgical incisions of all 11 patients healed at stage Ⅰ. At 6-24 months of postoperative follow-up, nasal symmetry was restored, and the nostrils were equal in size. The difference in symmetry indexes before and after the surgery was statistically significant. The t value for nasal tip height, the nostril height, the nostril width, the nasal base width, and the nasal columellar inclination were 4.21, 2.26, 3.38, 3.65, and 2.36, respectively (all P<0.05). Postoperative incision scarring was not obvious, and patients were satisfied with the nasal appearance [VAS score (9.14±0.48) points vs (3.45±1.23) points, t=14.29, P<0.001], and nasal ventilation was significantly improved [VAS score (9.32±1.24) points vs (4.61±0.85) points, t=10.39, P<0.001]. Conclusion:Nasal endoscopic surgery using septal cartilage and bone to treat nasal deformity secondary to unilateral cleft lip and palate, combined with deviated septum, can simultaneously improve the patients′ nasal shape and nasal ventilation, yielding good clinical outcomes.