Purpose: This study investigated the mediating effect of grit in the relationship between silence behavior and medication safety competence among nurses. Methods: The study included 166 nurses from four university hospitals and general hospitals in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. Data were collected from March 1 to 10, 2024, using self-report questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the t-test, analysis of variance, Scheffé’s test, and Pearson’s correlation coefficients with IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 23.0 (IBM Corp.). A mediation analysis was performed using Hayes’s PROCESS macro model 4 and the bootstrapping method. Results: Medication safety competence showed significant correlations with silence behavior (r=–.21, p=.008) and grit (r=.43, p<.001). Furthermore, grit partially mediated the relationship between silence behavior and medication safety competence. Conclusion This study indicates that grit is a significant mediator in the relationship between silence behavior and medication safety competence. Therefore, an integrated approach that reduces silence behavior and promotes grit is essential for strengthening nurses’ medication safety competence. Ultimately, these strategies will help ensure patient safety by improving medication safety competence.

Purpose: To identify influencing factors of media literacy, perceived neighborhood disorder, and adult attachment styles on fear of crime in adults in their 30s. Methods: Subjects were 232 adults in their 30s residing in South Korea. Data were collected through online and mobile surveys from February 21 to 26, 2024. Results: The following factors were found to significantly influence general fear of crime: female (β=.29, p<.001), perceived neighborhood disorder (β=.22, p=.002), attachment anxiety (β=.19, p=.003), and exclusion harmful media (β=.14, p=.020). These factors explained 23% of general fear of crime in adults in their 30s. The following factors significantly influenced specific fear of crime: perceived neighborhood disorder (β=.33, p<.001), attachment anxiety (β=.29, p<.001), female (β=.17, p=.003) and daily video platform usage (β=.16, p=.045). These factors explained 32% of specific fear of crime in adults in their 30s. Conclusion A multidimensional approach to understanding influencing factors of fear of crime is necessary because such an approach can serve as a basis for future public safety policies. Community mental health nurses should also increase their focus on ensuring that citizens feel safe in their communities.

Purpose: This study investigated the mediating effect of grit in the relationship between silence behavior and medication safety competence among nurses. Methods: The study included 166 nurses from four university hospitals and general hospitals in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. Data were collected from March 1 to 10, 2024, using self-report questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the t-test, analysis of variance, Scheffé’s test, and Pearson’s correlation coefficients with IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 23.0 (IBM Corp.). A mediation analysis was performed using Hayes’s PROCESS macro model 4 and the bootstrapping method. Results: Medication safety competence showed significant correlations with silence behavior (r=–.21, p=.008) and grit (r=.43, p<.001). Furthermore, grit partially mediated the relationship between silence behavior and medication safety competence. Conclusion This study indicates that grit is a significant mediator in the relationship between silence behavior and medication safety competence. Therefore, an integrated approach that reduces silence behavior and promotes grit is essential for strengthening nurses’ medication safety competence. Ultimately, these strategies will help ensure patient safety by improving medication safety competence.

Purpose: To identify influencing factors of media literacy, perceived neighborhood disorder, and adult attachment styles on fear of crime in adults in their 30s. Methods: Subjects were 232 adults in their 30s residing in South Korea. Data were collected through online and mobile surveys from February 21 to 26, 2024. Results: The following factors were found to significantly influence general fear of crime: female (β=.29, p<.001), perceived neighborhood disorder (β=.22, p=.002), attachment anxiety (β=.19, p=.003), and exclusion harmful media (β=.14, p=.020). These factors explained 23% of general fear of crime in adults in their 30s. The following factors significantly influenced specific fear of crime: perceived neighborhood disorder (β=.33, p<.001), attachment anxiety (β=.29, p<.001), female (β=.17, p=.003) and daily video platform usage (β=.16, p=.045). These factors explained 32% of specific fear of crime in adults in their 30s. Conclusion A multidimensional approach to understanding influencing factors of fear of crime is necessary because such an approach can serve as a basis for future public safety policies. Community mental health nurses should also increase their focus on ensuring that citizens feel safe in their communities.

Purpose: This study investigated the mediating effect of grit in the relationship between silence behavior and medication safety competence among nurses. Methods: The study included 166 nurses from four university hospitals and general hospitals in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. Data were collected from March 1 to 10, 2024, using self-report questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the t-test, analysis of variance, Scheffé’s test, and Pearson’s correlation coefficients with IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 23.0 (IBM Corp.). A mediation analysis was performed using Hayes’s PROCESS macro model 4 and the bootstrapping method. Results: Medication safety competence showed significant correlations with silence behavior (r=–.21, p=.008) and grit (r=.43, p<.001). Furthermore, grit partially mediated the relationship between silence behavior and medication safety competence. Conclusion This study indicates that grit is a significant mediator in the relationship between silence behavior and medication safety competence. Therefore, an integrated approach that reduces silence behavior and promotes grit is essential for strengthening nurses’ medication safety competence. Ultimately, these strategies will help ensure patient safety by improving medication safety competence.

Purpose: To identify influencing factors of media literacy, perceived neighborhood disorder, and adult attachment styles on fear of crime in adults in their 30s. Methods: Subjects were 232 adults in their 30s residing in South Korea. Data were collected through online and mobile surveys from February 21 to 26, 2024. Results: The following factors were found to significantly influence general fear of crime: female (β=.29, p<.001), perceived neighborhood disorder (β=.22, p=.002), attachment anxiety (β=.19, p=.003), and exclusion harmful media (β=.14, p=.020). These factors explained 23% of general fear of crime in adults in their 30s. The following factors significantly influenced specific fear of crime: perceived neighborhood disorder (β=.33, p<.001), attachment anxiety (β=.29, p<.001), female (β=.17, p=.003) and daily video platform usage (β=.16, p=.045). These factors explained 32% of specific fear of crime in adults in their 30s. Conclusion A multidimensional approach to understanding influencing factors of fear of crime is necessary because such an approach can serve as a basis for future public safety policies. Community mental health nurses should also increase their focus on ensuring that citizens feel safe in their communities.

Purpose: This study investigated the mediating effect of grit in the relationship between silence behavior and medication safety competence among nurses. Methods: The study included 166 nurses from four university hospitals and general hospitals in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. Data were collected from March 1 to 10, 2024, using self-report questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the t-test, analysis of variance, Scheffé’s test, and Pearson’s correlation coefficients with IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 23.0 (IBM Corp.). A mediation analysis was performed using Hayes’s PROCESS macro model 4 and the bootstrapping method. Results: Medication safety competence showed significant correlations with silence behavior (r=–.21, p=.008) and grit (r=.43, p<.001). Furthermore, grit partially mediated the relationship between silence behavior and medication safety competence. Conclusion This study indicates that grit is a significant mediator in the relationship between silence behavior and medication safety competence. Therefore, an integrated approach that reduces silence behavior and promotes grit is essential for strengthening nurses’ medication safety competence. Ultimately, these strategies will help ensure patient safety by improving medication safety competence.

Purpose: To identify influencing factors of media literacy, perceived neighborhood disorder, and adult attachment styles on fear of crime in adults in their 30s. Methods: Subjects were 232 adults in their 30s residing in South Korea. Data were collected through online and mobile surveys from February 21 to 26, 2024. Results: The following factors were found to significantly influence general fear of crime: female (β=.29, p<.001), perceived neighborhood disorder (β=.22, p=.002), attachment anxiety (β=.19, p=.003), and exclusion harmful media (β=.14, p=.020). These factors explained 23% of general fear of crime in adults in their 30s. The following factors significantly influenced specific fear of crime: perceived neighborhood disorder (β=.33, p<.001), attachment anxiety (β=.29, p<.001), female (β=.17, p=.003) and daily video platform usage (β=.16, p=.045). These factors explained 32% of specific fear of crime in adults in their 30s. Conclusion A multidimensional approach to understanding influencing factors of fear of crime is necessary because such an approach can serve as a basis for future public safety policies. Community mental health nurses should also increase their focus on ensuring that citizens feel safe in their communities.

Purpose: To investigate effects of a stepwise combined biofeedback training program (SCBT) including physiological response-focused training and brainwave change-focused training based on the Reflection and Reflexion model on attention and self-control of male high school students. Methods: This research employed a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. A total of 54 students from two cities in South Korea were divided into experimental, comparison, and control groups. The training consisted of ten sessions over five weeks. The experimental group participated in the SCBT, while the comparison group only engaged in physiological response-focused training. Physiological attention rate and span were used in this study to quantify attention. These measures were calculated using physiological responses. Self-control was assessed using a self-report questionnaire and changes of brainwaves in the experimental group. Data were analyzed using the statistical software SPSS/WIN 25.0. Results: Physiological attention rate, physiological attention span, and self-control scores were significantly different across the three groups. Furthermore, in the experimental group, there was a significant increase in the mean amplitude of the alpha and SMR wave while high-beta waves exhibited a notable drop. Conclusion The present study reveals that the SCBT can serve as a distinct nursing intervention to enhance attention and self-control among high school students.

Purpose: This study investigated the effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on gait speed in a stroke patient with genu recurvatum. Methods: The subject was a 52-year-old female diagnosed with stroke. Information on health was collected through client Interview based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). The ICF was used to identify connections between functional problems, and for diagnosis, and functional problems were described using ICF terms. For prognostic purposes, comprehensive goals for functional activity and participation level are presented as long- and short-term goals. Intervention was performed using an exercise program composed of techniques and principles based on PNF concepts for 50 minutes a day, 3 times a week, for 6 weeks. Gait speed and lower limb strength before to after intervention differences were used as study outcomes. Results: Clinical advantages were observed in body function (3.6kg increase in knee extension strength, 1.4kg increase in knee flexion strength, 0.9kg increase in hip abduction). Gait speed, which was the patient’s primary limitation, was improved by 0.2m/sec. Conclusion Based on the results of this study, application of the PNF concept would appear to improve gait speed and genu recurvatum in stroke patients.