Objective To investigate the differences in demographic characteristics,reproductive health status,and the distribution of pregnancy-related diseases between couples conceived via assisted reproductive technology(ART)and naturally conceived couples,and to analyze the impact of ART treatment on the incidence of preterm birth(PTB)in singleton and twin and multiple pregnancies.Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of the maternal and infant cohort data of Jing'an District from 2013 to 2020.Based on the conception method,the subjects were categorized into two groups:the ART group and the natural conception group.Chi-square test was applied to compare baseline characteristics and disease distributions differences between the two groups,and logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between ART and the PTB risks.A causal mediation model was used to evaluate the mediating effect of twin and multiple pregnancy in the relationship between ART and PTB.Results A total of 117 717 parturients were included,6 265 in the ART group and 111 452 in the natural conception group.Compared with the natural conception group,couples in the ART group were significantly older and had a higher prevalence of reproductive system diseases.The incidences of diabetes and hypertensive disorders during pregnancy in ART parturient were 13.76%and 9.99%,respectively,which were significantly higher than 7.88%and 4.75%in the natural conception group(both P<0.001).The overall PTB rate in the ART group was 14.81%,higher than 5.35%in the natural conceptions group(P<0.001).The PTB rate in ART for singleton pregnancies in the ART group was 6.40%,higher than 4.83%in the natural conception group(P<0.001),while the PTB rate in ART for twin and multiple pregnancies in the ART group was 53.97%,lower than 60.42%in the natural conception group(P<0.05).Mediation analysis showed that 97.99%of the effect of ART on PTB was mediated by twin and multiple pregnancy,with ART increasing the PTB risk by 3.44 times through multiple pregnancy.Conclusion The overall PTB rate of ART recipients is higher than that of natural recipients,but ART does not increase the PTB risk in singleton and twin and multiple pregnancies.Twin and multiple pregnancy is the key mediating factor contributing to PTB in ART-conceived recipients.Compared with naturally conceived couples,ART conception couples own more advanced maternal age,and have higher risks of suffering gestational diabetes,gestational hypertension,and PTB.

Objective To investigate the differences in demographic characteristics,reproductive health status,and the distribution of pregnancy-related diseases between couples conceived via assisted reproductive technology(ART)and naturally conceived couples,and to analyze the impact of ART treatment on the incidence of preterm birth(PTB)in singleton and twin and multiple pregnancies.Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of the maternal and infant cohort data of Jing'an District from 2013 to 2020.Based on the conception method,the subjects were categorized into two groups:the ART group and the natural conception group.Chi-square test was applied to compare baseline characteristics and disease distributions differences between the two groups,and logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between ART and the PTB risks.A causal mediation model was used to evaluate the mediating effect of twin and multiple pregnancy in the relationship between ART and PTB.Results A total of 117 717 parturients were included,6 265 in the ART group and 111 452 in the natural conception group.Compared with the natural conception group,couples in the ART group were significantly older and had a higher prevalence of reproductive system diseases.The incidences of diabetes and hypertensive disorders during pregnancy in ART parturient were 13.76%and 9.99%,respectively,which were significantly higher than 7.88%and 4.75%in the natural conception group(both P<0.001).The overall PTB rate in the ART group was 14.81%,higher than 5.35%in the natural conceptions group(P<0.001).The PTB rate in ART for singleton pregnancies in the ART group was 6.40%,higher than 4.83%in the natural conception group(P<0.001),while the PTB rate in ART for twin and multiple pregnancies in the ART group was 53.97%,lower than 60.42%in the natural conception group(P<0.05).Mediation analysis showed that 97.99%of the effect of ART on PTB was mediated by twin and multiple pregnancy,with ART increasing the PTB risk by 3.44 times through multiple pregnancy.Conclusion The overall PTB rate of ART recipients is higher than that of natural recipients,but ART does not increase the PTB risk in singleton and twin and multiple pregnancies.Twin and multiple pregnancy is the key mediating factor contributing to PTB in ART-conceived recipients.Compared with naturally conceived couples,ART conception couples own more advanced maternal age,and have higher risks of suffering gestational diabetes,gestational hypertension,and PTB.

Objective To develop a GIS-based 3D playback system for the flight human-plane data to realize the fusion of pilots'airborne flight data and physiological data.Methods The 3D playback system was developed with the Browser/Server(B/S)architecture,micro-server model,Java language and Spring Cloud technology framework,which was composed of three functional modules for flight process reproduction,physiological situational awareness and critical event calibration analysis.Results The system developed achieved time synchronization and data fusion of airborne flight data and physiological data with a time synchronization frequency of 1 Hz and a refresh rate of not less than 120 frames/s.Conclusion The system developed with high safety,stability,reliability and accuracy facilitates pilot in-flight physiological monitoring and fusion and simultaneous display of airborne flight data and physiological data,which can be used as an important platform for decision-making support in flight training.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(10):14-19]

With prominent medicinal value, Gelsemium elegans has been overexploited, resulting in the reduction of the wild resource. As a result, artificial cultivation turns out to be a solution. However, this medicinal species is intolerant to low temperature, and thus genes responding to the low temperature are important for the cultivation of this species. Based on the transcriptome database of G. elegans at 4 ℃, 29 differentially expressed GeERF genes were identified. Bioinformatics analysis of 21 GeERF gene sequences with intact open reading frames showed that 12 and 9 of the GeERF proteins respectively clustered in DREB subgroup and ERF subgroup. GeDREB1 A-1-GeERF6 B-1, with molecular weight of 23.78-50.96 kDa and length of 212-459 aa, were all predicted to be hydrophilic and in nucleus. Furthermore, the full-length cDNA sequence of GeERF2B-1 was cloned from the leaves of G. elegans. Subcellular localization suggested that GeERF2B-1 was located in the nucleus. According to the quantitative reverse-transcription PCR(qRT-PCR), GeERF2B-1 showed constitutive expression in roots, stems, and leaves of G. elegans, and the expression was the highest in roots. In terms of the response to 4 ℃ treatment, the expression of GeERF2B-1 was significantly higher than that in the control and peaked at 12 h, suggesting a positive response to low temperature. This study lays a scientific basis for the functional study of GeERF transcription factors and provides gene resources for the improvement of stress resistance of G. elegans.
DNA, Complementary ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Phylogeny ; Plant Proteins/metabolism* ; Temperature ; Transcription Factors/metabolism*

Objective:To study the differences in genetic relationship， shape， size， and flavonoid content between traditional and nontraditional medicinal varieties of Citri Reticulatae Semen produced in Sichuan province as well as their equivalence. Method:Six batches of traditional medicinal Citri Reticulatae Semen （Citrus reticulata 'Dahongpao'） and 23 batches of nontraditional medicinal varieties were collected， and their genetic relationship was explored using sequence-related amplified polymorphism （SRAP） markers. Following the observation of their shapes and sizes under a stereomicroscope， the contents of naringin， hesperidin， and neohesperidin were measured by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. SIMCA 14.1 software was used for cluster analysis of their shapes， sizes， and flavonoid contents， thus figuring out the similarities between the traditional and nontraditional medicinal varieties in character， size， and chemical components. Result:SRAP markers-based genetic relationship analysis effectively distinguished different Citri Reticulatae Semen varieties from each other. Some samples collected from the same or adjacent places exhibited a close genetic relationship and they shared high similarities in shape， size， and flavonoid content. However， the traditional medicinal Citri Reticulatae Semen was still quite different from most nontraditional medicinal varieties. Conclusion:The analysis of differences in genetic materials， appearance， character， and active ingredient content between the traditional and nontraditional medicinal varieties revealed that the equivalence of C. reticulata 'Ponkan' samples from some regions with the traditional medicinal variety was the largest， enabling them to be considered as the emerging medicinal variety.

ObjectiveTo investigate the distribution of the human papilloma virus (HPV) and its genotypes in the male outpatients at the clinics of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) in Changshu and analyze its association with the primary clinical symptoms so as to provide some evidence for the prevention and treatment of HPV infection in men.

METHODSWe collected exfoliated cell samples from the external genitals of 602 male outpatients at the STD clinics in Changshu from February 2016 to February 2018, extracted and amplified nucleic acids from the samples, and detected the HPV genotypes using the gene chip technique. We performed statistical analyses on the types of symptoms in clinical diagnosis and their correlation with the genotypes of HPV using the chi-square test.

RESULTSThe HPV positive rate in the male STD clinics was 48.2%, of which 47.2 % fell into the low-risk type, 30.0% with multiple infections. The main genotypes included HPV types 6, 11, 39, and 52, and the main HPV-related clinical symptoms were verruca (43.1%) and erythra (41.0%). Low-risk types 6 and 11 accounted for a significantly higher percentage than the high-risk types in the verruca patients (60.0% vs 15.0%, , P < 0.05), but showed no statistically significant difference from the latter in the erythra patients (38.7% vs 38.7%, P > 0.05). The incidence of low-risk infection was remarkably higher than that of high-risk infection in the acrobystitis and balanitis patients (P < 0.05), while the high-risk types constituted a markedly higher percentage than the low-risk and high- and low-risk mixed types in the asymptomatic men at physical examination (84.6% vs 0.0% and 15.4%, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe HPV positive rate was as high as 48.2% in the males at the STD clinics in Changshu, and the main infection type was low-risk genotype single infection. The clinical symptoms of low-risk infection were mainly verruca and prepuce balanitis, and the high-risk type was mostly asymptomatic at physical examination.

OBJECTIVE:To compare the quality control index between Jinzhen Suanzao teabag and decoction,and explore the alternative supplement of teabag to decoction. METHODS:The test sample solutions of Jinzhen Suanzao teabag and decoction were prepared by hot-maceration method and water-decoction method. The contents of water soluble extract and total flavonoids were de-termined and compared between 2 kinds of preparation. The leaching rates of teabag were investigated at different soak time(0,5, 10,15,20,25,30 min) to optimize soaking time. RESULTS:The average content of water soluble extract were 50.56% and 44.45%(P<0.05) respectively for the teabag and decoction. The total flavonoids content were 0.64 mg/g and 0.69 mg/g (P<0.05). The dissolution amount of teabag were increasing and leaching rate increased within first 20 min,and reached balance gradu-ally 25 min later. CONCLUSIONS:According to the convenience of use and results of each index,the difference in quality control index is not great between 2 kinds of preparation. Teabag can be as the supplement of decoction.

Objective To investigate effect of HBO combined with naloxone hydrochloride in the treatment of coma following severe craniocerebral trauma.Methods Two hundred and ninety-nine patients with persisting coma following severe craniocerebral trauma were randomly divided into 3 groups: the hyperbaric oxygen group, the naloxone hydrochloride group and the HBO combined with naloxone hydrochloride group. On the basis of conventional therapy, patients were treated with HBO, or naloxone hydrochloride, or HBO combined with naloxone hydrochloride in the same course of treatment. Dynamic EEG, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) scores, Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) scores, long-term quality of Life Assessment Scale (KPS) scores were observed before and after treatment and statistical data were analyzed.Results After 3 months of treatment, GCS scores for the patients in the HBO combined with naloxone hydrochloride group were higher than those of the HBO group(P<0.05), and GOS scores for the patients in the HBO combined with naloxone hydrochloride group were significantly higher than those of the HBO group or the naloxone hydrochloride group. After 6 months of treatment, the EEG classification in patients of HBO combined with naloxone group was higher than that of the naloxone group, and KPS scores in patients of HBO combined with naloxone group were significantly better than those of the hyperbaric oxygen group and the naloxone hydrochloride group. After 6 months, the EEG classification, KPS scores for the patients in the HBO combined with naloxone hydrochloride group were significantly higher than those of the HBO group or the naloxone hydrochloride group(P<0.01).Conclusions HBO treatment combined with naloxone hydrochloride could produce better effect on patients with persistent coma following severe craniocerebral trauma, when comparisons were made with HBO and naloxone hydrochloride.

Objective To investigate effect of HBO combined with naloxone hydrochloride in the treatment of coma following severe craniocerebral trauma.Methods Two hundred and ninety-nine patients with persisting coma following severe craniocerebral trauma were randomly divided into 3 groups: the hyperbaric oxygen group, the naloxone hydrochloride group and the HBO combined with naloxone hydrochloride group. On the basis of conventional therapy, patients were treated with HBO, or naloxone hydrochloride, or HBO combined with naloxone hydrochloride in the same course of treatment. Dynamic EEG, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) scores, Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) scores, long-term quality of Life Assessment Scale (KPS) scores were observed before and after treatment and statistical data were analyzed.Results After 3 months of treatment, GCS scores for the patients in the HBO combined with naloxone hydrochloride group were higher than those of the HBO group(P<0.05), and GOS scores for the patients in the HBO combined with naloxone hydrochloride group were significantly higher than those of the HBO group or the naloxone hydrochloride group. After 6 months of treatment, the EEG classification in patients of HBO combined with naloxone group was higher than that of the naloxone group, and KPS scores in patients of HBO combined with naloxone group were significantly better than those of the hyperbaric oxygen group and the naloxone hydrochloride group. After 6 months, the EEG classification, KPS scores for the patients in the HBO combined with naloxone hydrochloride group were significantly higher than those of the HBO group or the naloxone hydrochloride group(P<0.01).Conclusions HBO treatment combined with naloxone hydrochloride could produce better effect on patients with persistent coma following severe craniocerebral trauma, when comparisons were made with HBO and naloxone hydrochloride.

OBJECTIVETo establish an effective testing system for gene diagnosis, carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).

METHODSTwenty-six patients with SMA were directly tested with PCR-RFLP for exon 7 deletion in the SMN1 gene. Carrier detection was carried out with multi-PCR-DHPLC. Amniotic fluid was taken at the middle stage of gestation from pregnant women who had given birth to affected children.

RESULTSTwenty-five out of 26 patients were diagnosed as having SMN1 gene deletion. Fifty-two of their parents were found to be carriers of exon 7 deletion. Eight of 20 fetuses were diagnosed as having SMN1 gene deletion by PCR-RFLP.

CONCLUSIONPCR-RFLP and multi-PCR-DHPLC techniques can provide rapid diagnosis for exon 7 deletion detection and carrier detection. PCR-RFLP may also be adapted for prenatal gene diagnosis of exon 7 deletion in SMN1 gene.

Child ; Exons ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Deletion ; Genetic Counseling ; Humans ; Male ; Muscular Atrophy, Spinal ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; SMN Complex Proteins ; genetics ; Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Survival of Motor Neuron 1 Protein ; genetics