Objective: To investigate the association between different digital media usage types and depressive symptoms among junior and senior high school students, so as to provide a scientific reference for making precise mental health prevention and intervention strategies for adolescents. Methods: In October 2024, a convenience cluster sample of 3 225 students was collected from 2 junior high schools and 2 senior high schools in Shenyang City. Participants were investigated for its daily usage duration of various digital media types and depressive symptoms. Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to examine trend in depressive symptom detection rates across digital media usage types. Multivariate Logistic regression model was employed to assess associations, with stratified analyses by gender and educational stage. Results: The daily usage durations for educational/learning, social/chatting, gaming, and video/music/novel digital media were 30.0(12.1, 60.0), 22.9(9.3, 50.0), 17.1(0.0, 50.0), and 22.9(8.6, 55.7) minutes for junior and senior high school students, respectively. The detection rate of depressive symptoms was 46.1%. Among them, the detection rate of depressive symptoms of girls (49.8%) was higher than that of boys (42.3%), and that of senior high school students (53.2%) was higher than that of junior high school students (39.7%), and the differences were statistically significant ( χ 2= 18.35, 59.02, both P <0.01). Cochran-Armitage trend test revealed significant upward trends in depressive symptom detection rates with increasing usage of non educational digital media (social/chatting: Z =4.77; gaming: Z =3.24; video/music/novel: Z =7.30, all P <0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that, compared to usage <1 h/d, using social/chatting digital media for 1-<2 h/d ( OR =1.66), 2-<3 h/d ( OR =1.80), and ≥3 h/d ( OR =2.68), gaming for 1-<2 h/d ( OR =1.48), 2-<3 h/d ( OR =1.90), and ≥3 h/d ( OR =2.93), and video/music/novel for 1-<2 h/d ( OR =1.76), 2-<3 h/d ( OR =2.00), and ≥3 h/d ( OR = 3.48) were all significantly associated with increased risks of depressive symptoms (all P <0.01). Conclusions Excessive use of non-educational digital media is a risk factor for depressive symptoms in adolescents. Regulating usage duration is beneficial for promoting adolescent mental health.

ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effect of α-ketoglutarate （α-KG） on hepatic lipid deposition in offspring caused by arsenic exposure during pregnancy. Methods8-week-old institute of cancer research （ICR） mice were mated in a ratio of 2∶1 between females and males， and the detection of vaginal plugs confirmed pregnant. A total of 32 pregnant mice were randomly divided into four groups： control group， arsenic group， α-KG group， arsenic+α-KG group. On gestational day 0-16 （GD0-GD16）， the arsenic and arsenic+α-KG groups were exposed to sodium arsenite （NaAsO₂ ，15 mg/L） in drinking water everyday， and the α-KG and arsenic+α-KG groups were gavaged with α-KG （2 g/kg） everyday. On GD16， pregnant mice were euthanized to collect fetal liver， and fetal body weight and crown-rump length were measured. Gene expression differences between the control group and the arsenic group were analyzed by transcriptome. The total triglycerides （TGs） and subtypes in fetal liver were detected by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry （LC-MS/MS）. Oil red O staining was used to observe the histopathological changes in the liver. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction （qPCR） was used to detect the expression level of genes related to lipid synthesis， transport， and degradation， and phosphatidylinositol 3' -kinase/ protein kinase B （PI3K/AKT） in the liver of fetus. ResultsTranscriptomics analysis showed that 2 144 genes were downregulated and 1 675 genes were upregulated in the arsenic exposed fetal liver； body weight and crown-rump length were reduced （P_TuKey<0.05）； the level of hepatic TGs was elevated in arsenic group （P_TuKey<0.05）； oil-red O staining showed a significant increase in lipid droplets in arsenic group （P_TuKey<0.01）； the expression of lipid synthesis-related genes were significantly upregulated （P_TuKey<0.05）； the expression of β-oxidation-related genes and lipid degradation-related genes were downregulated （P_TuKey<0.05）； the expression of PI3K， AKT decreased（P_TuKey<0.05）. Compared with the arsenic group， the body weight and crown-rump length of fetus increased in the arsenic+α-KG group （P_TuKey<0.05）； the level of hepatic TGs decreased in the arsenic+α-KG group （P_TuKey<0.05）； oil red O staining showed lipid droplets significantly decreased （P_TuKey<0.01）； the expression of lipid synthesis-related genes were downregulated （P_TuKey<0.05）， the expression of β-oxidation-related genes and lipid degradation-related genes were upregulated （P_TuKey<0.05）； the expression levels of PI3K and AKT increased （P_TuKey<0.05）. Conclusionα-KG alleviated hepatic lipid deposition in offspring exposed to arsenic during pregnancy through activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

With the aggravation of population aging in our country,the prevalence of osteoporosis(OP)has surged dramatically.Currently,the diagnosis of OP primarily relies on bone mineral density(BMD),and the precise measurement of BMD is crucial in the diagnosis and treatment of spinal surgical diseases.In recent years,computed tomography(CT)has gained widespread attention in clinical diagnosis and treatment due to its unique advantages.Vertebral CT values not only enhance the diagnostic rate of OP but also effectively predict the occurrence of postoperative complications such as adjacent vertebral fractures,fusion device subsidence,and pedicle screw loosening.This article summarizes the research progress of vertebral CT value in the field of spine surgery,and discusses its feasibility in guiding spinal surgery and its correlation with postoperative complications of spine.Additionally,it elaborates on the progress of combining CT with artificial intelligence(AI)to assist in disease diagnosis and treatment,aiming to better promote the clinical application of vertebral CT values.

Objective To explore the molecular mechanism by which SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1-intronic transcript 1(SOS1-IT1)affects enhancer of zeste homolog 2(EZH2)protein expression in endometrial cancer cells Ishikawa and RL95-2.Methods Lentiviral transfection of short hairpin RNA(shRNA)and overexpression plasmid were used in Ishikawa and RL95-2 cell lines to knock down and overexpress SOS1-IT1.The mechanism of EZH2 expression regulation was studied using Real-time PCR,Western blotting,and chromatin immunoprecipitation.Results The expression of SOS1-IT1 and EZH2 genes was positively correlated in endometrial cancer tissues.Knocking down SOS1-IT1 significantly reduces the expression of EZH2,inhibited the proliferation and migration of Ishikawa and RL95-2 cells,and could reduced the acetylation of histone H3 at position 27(H3K27)and the enrichment of CREB binding protein(CBP)in the EZH2 gene promoter region.Overexpression of SOS1-IT1 could increased the expression of EZH2 and enhance the acetylation of H3K27 and the enrichment of CBP.CBP could bind to SOS1-IT1 RNA,and this binding ability was weakened when CBP was knocked down.Conclusion SOS1-IT1 can promote the expression level of EZH2 in endometrial cancer cells Ishikawa and RL95-2 by regulating the acetylation modification level of the EZH2 gene promoter region,thereby affecting the proliferation and migration ability of endometrial cancer cells.

To investigate the effect of baicalin (BAI)-loaded cross-linked lipoic acid nanocapsules (BAI@cLANCs) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced senescence in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), this study examined the toxicity of BAI@cLANCs on HUVECs by MTT method. The cell nuclear staining, SA-β-gal staining, and MTT methods were used to assess the optimal concentration of H2O2-induced senescence in HUVECs. The cellular uptake of BAI@cLANCs was evaluated using fluorescence microscopy imaging and flow cytometry. The proportion of cellular senescence was determined by SA-β-gal staining. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in senescent cells was detected by fluorescence microscopy imaging and multifunctional microplate reader. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in cells was detected by lipid oxidation detection kit, and the cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry with propidium iodide staining. The results showed that BAI@cLANCs had no significant effect on the growth of HUVECs in the range of BAI at 2.80−112 mmol/L. 200 μmol/L and 25 minutes were the ideal conditions for H2O2-induced senescence of HUVECs. cLANCs as drug delivery carriers significantly enhanced the uptake efficiency of BAI in HUVECs. Compared with the normal group, the H2O2 model group showed decreased cell viability, increased positive SA-β-gal staining rate, increased ROS and MDA content, as well as increased percentage of cells blocked in S phase and decreased cells entering G2/M phase. Compared with the H2O2 model group, BAI, cLANCs, BAI + cLANCs, and BAI@cLANCs groups showed increased cell viability, decreased positive SA-β-gal staining rate, decreased ROS and MDA content, decreased percentage of S-phase cells, and increased cells entering G2/M phase, with the best anti-aging effect in the BAI@cLANCs group. In summary, the results above showed that both BAI and cLANCs have anti-aging properties. With cLANCs as drug carriers, the anti-aging benefits of BAI@cLANCs are synergistic and can effectively delay H2O2-induced senescence of HUVECs.

Objective To explore the effect of project-based learning on the training of sharp injury prevention skills in the pre-job training for nursing interns and its impact on the incidence of sharp injuries during internship.Methods Two classes(class A and B),majoring in nursing at Medical College of Nanchang Institute of Technology in March 2023 were selected as the research subjects by convenience sampling method.Coin flipping method was used to designate class A as the routine group and class B as the intervention group.The routine group received rou-tine pre-job training which mainly focused on retrospective intensive training on nursing operation skills.On this ba-sis,the intervention group integrated project-based learning as compensation education on sharp injury prevention skills.Kirkpatrick's four level training evaluation model was adopted to comprehensively evaluate the educational effectiveness at the four progressive levels of"reaction,learning,behavior,and outcome"at corresponding stages.Results 56 nursing interns were included in the class A routine group and class B intervention group,respectively.The course evaluation score(128.67±4.39 vs 117.28±6.55),needlestick protection knowledge cognition score(109.11±4.38 vs 96.44±6.72),safe injection behavior score(38.45±4.91 vs 32.30±5.62),occupational iden-tity score(58.02±8.55 vs 51.77±15.86),and job competency score(82.59±13.35 vs 75.61±15.09)of nursing interns in the intervention group were all higher than those in the routine group,differences were all statistically sig-nificant(all P＜0.05).The incidence of sharp injuries(19.64％ vs 57.14％)and the average frequency of occu-rrence(1.45 vs 2.13)in nursing interns in the intervention group were both lower than those in the control group.The case intervention rate(87.50％ vs 45.59％)and case reporting rate(93.75％vs 32.35％)after sharp injury were both higher than those in the routine group,and the differences were both statistically significant(both P＜0.05).Conclusion Introducing project-based learning in pre-job training for nursing interns can effectively improve their mastery of protection skills,reduce the incidence of sharp injuries during internships,and have important prac-tical value in cultivating their occupational protection abilities.

Objective:To explore the association between cumulative blood pressure (BP) and the risk of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) in older adults.Methods:This retrospective cohort study consecutively selected 4 480 older adults who participated in the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey from 2008 to 2009 as the study subjects. The cumulative BP was calculated using the area under the curve from measurements taken at baseline (2008-2009), the first follow-up (2011), and the second follow-up (2014). The subjects were grouped with the quartiles (Q1-Q4) of cumulative systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and pulse pressure (PP). The Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CI for the association between cumulative BP and the risk of CVD among older adults. The restricted cubic spline function was employed to examine the potential dose-response pattern between cumulative BP and the risk of CVD. Results:During a total of 40 230 person-years of follow-up, with a mean follow-up duration of (8.98±2.16) years, 768 new cases of CVD were identified. The older adults in the highest quartile (Q4) of cumulative SBP, DBP, and PP had a significantly higher risk of CVD compared to those in the lowest quartile (Q1), with a HR of 1.68 (95% CI: 1.36-2.06), 1.67 (95% CI: 1.36-2.06), and 1.52 (95% CI: 1.24-1.84), respectively (all P<0.001). For every 10 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)×year increase in cumulative SBP, DBP, and PP, the risk of CVD increased by 2% ( HR=1.02, 95% CI: 1.01-1.03), 3% ( HR=1.03, 95% CI: 1.01-1.05), and 2% ( HR=1.02, 95% CI: 1.01-1.03), respectively (all P<0.05). The restricted cubic spline model revealed a linear positive correlation between cumulative SBP, DBP, and PP with the risk of CVD among older adults (all P for nonlinearity>0.05). When cumulative SBP, DBP, and PP exceeded 791.9 mmHg×years, 462.9 mmHg×years, and 323.6 mmHg×years, corresponding to an average BP level of 132.0 mmHg, 77.2 mmHg, and 53.9 mmHg, respectively, the risk of CVD began to increase. Conclusions:Elevated long-term cumulative BP may increase the risk of CVD in older adults. Caution is warranted when SBP, DBP, and PP exceed 132.0 mmHg, 77.2 mmHg, and 53.9 mmHg, respectively.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

OBJECTIVE: To block the transmission of Cranio-facial-nasal syndrome (CFNS) caused by a large deletion of the EFNB1 gene through preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disorders (PGT-M). METHODS: A patient with craniofacial deformities and his parents who had visited Shiyan People's Hospital in June 2020 were selected as the study subjects. The child underwent whole exome sequencing (WES) and qPCR validation. After genetic counseling, PGT-M was chosen for the reproductive blockage. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hospital (Ethics No.: sysrmyy-087). RESULTS: The child was diagnosed with CFNS due to a heterozygous deletion of exons 1-5 of the EFNB1 gene through WES and qPCR, which showed a X-linked dominant inheritance. The mother underwent ovarian stimulation with a modified PPOS protocol, which has yielded 11 oocytes. After ICSI fertilization, 4 blastocysts were formed, and MALBAC whole genome amplification was performed on the trophoblast biopsy cells, and SNP haplotypes of the family members and embryos were analyzed to indirectly determine the presence of maternal pathogenic haplotypes. Chromosomal copy number variation analysis was conducted through next-generation sequencing to screen for euploid embryos, resulting in the identification of two euploid embryos that did not carry the mutation of the EFNB1 gene. The first transfer was unsuccessful, but after adjusting the transfer timing through endometrial receptivity assessment (ERA), clinical pregnancy was achieved. Prenatal diagnosis at 19 weeks excluded the EFNB1 gene exons 1-5 deletion in the fetus. A healthy girl was delivered by Cesarean section at 38⁺⁶ weeks, and Q-PCR confirmed she has no aforementioned EFNB1 gene deletion. CONCLUSION This study has successfully blocked the transmission of CFNS caused by a large deletion of the EFNB1 gene (exons 1-5) using a PGT-M strategy, which may provide reference for the intervention of similar genomic variations that cannot be directly detected.
Humans ; Female ; Male ; Craniofacial Abnormalities/diagnosis* ; Ephrin-B1/genetics* ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics* ; Preimplantation Diagnosis/methods* ; Pedigree ; Asian People/genetics* ; Craniosynostoses/genetics* ; Pregnancy ; Gene Deletion ; Sequence Deletion ; Genetic Testing/methods* ; Adult ; East Asian People

Through a comprehensive analysis combining network pharmacology prediction and transcriptomics, this study systematically explained the multi-target mechanism of Cyanotis arachnoidea(CA) Gel in improving melasma. A melasma model was induced in female SD rats by progesterone injection combined with ultraviolet B(UVB) irradiation for 40 consecutive days, while the blank control group was only fed routinely. After successful model establishment, the rats were randomly divided into five groups and administered different doses of CA ethanol extract gel(high, medium, and low doses) or arbutin Gel(positive control), which were applied once daily for 28 consecutive days. Subsequently, the levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD), malondialdehyde(MDA), and tyrosinase(TYR) in the skin, serum, and liver tissues were measured. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining and Masson-Fontana staining were used to observe the pathological changes in the tissues. Network pharmacology combined with transcriptomics was employed to identify core targets and pathways, and the differential gene expression was validated by quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR). Pharmacodynamic experiments showed that CA Gel significantly increased SOD activity and decreased MDA and TYR levels in the skin, serum, and liver of model rats. It also improved epidermal thickening, inflammatory infiltration, collagen loss, and melanin deposition. Network pharmacology analysis showed that CA mainly regulated core targets such as signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3), epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR), and interleukin-6(IL-6), and modulated the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)-protein kinase B(AKT) and interleukin-17(IL-17) signaling pathways. Transcriptomic analysis showed that CA Gel significantly downregulated the gene expression of heat shock protein 90β family member 1(Hsp90b1), heat shock protein 90α family member 1(Hsp90aa1), and the key steroid synthesis enzyme cytochrome P450 family 17 subfamily A member 1(Cyp17a1), while upregulating thioredoxin 1(Txn1). qPCR results confirmed that CA Gel regulated oxidative stress and inflammatory response by inhibiting the IL-17 signaling pathway and steroid hormone synthesis. This study, for the first time, reveals the molecular mechanism of CA Gel in improving melasma through multi-target synergistic regulation of oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and hormone metabolism pathways, providing a scientific basis for the treatment of pigmentation diseases with traditional Chinese medicine.
Animals ; Rats ; Female ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Network Pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Melanosis/metabolism* ; Transcriptome/drug effects* ; Humans ; Superoxide Dismutase/genetics* ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Malondialdehyde/metabolism*