Objective: To evaluate the performance of 5T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in visualizing dental pulp and periodontal ligament (PDL) tissues in vivo in the young adult population, thereby providing a basis for the application of high-field MRI technology in clinical oral examinations. Methods: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the hospital. A total of 15 healthy volunteers (413 permanent teeth altogether) were recruited and underwent full-mouth 5T MRI scans. Among them, six volunteers (168 permanent teeth) also received both 3T MRI and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. Two dental specialists independently evaluated the imaging quality of the dental pulp and PDL on the images using a 5-point Likert scale and recorded the number of detectable root canals for each tooth. Inter-rater agreement was assessed using weighted kappa statistics and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Non-parametric tests were employed to compare differences in imaging performance among different tissue structures, tooth positions, and imaging modalities. Results: 5T MRI can achieve in vivo imaging for most dental pulp tissues and partial periodontal membrane structures. There was a high level of agreement between the two raters in their imaging scores for the dental pulp and PDL (dental pulp κ = 0.934, PDL κ = 0.737). The imaging scores for dental pulp were significantly higher than those for PDL (P < 0.001), and the scores for molar dental pulp were lower than those for premolars and anterior teeth. In the multimodal comparison involving six volunteers, the raters showed good consistency in scoring dental pulp and PDL imaging across 5T MRI, 3T MRI, and CBCT, as well as in root canal counts (5T MRI for dental pulp κ = 0.971, 3T MRI for dental pulp κ = 0.933, CBCT for dental pulp κ = 0.964; 5T MRI for PDL κ = 0.625, 3T MRI for PDL κ = 0.667, CBCT for PDL κ = 0.571; ICC for root canal counts all ≥ 0.990). The imaging scores for dental pulp and PDL using 5T MRI were significantly higher than those using 3T MRI (dental pulp: P < 0.001; PDL: P = 0.022), but there was no statistically significant difference in the detection rate of the number of root canals between the two (P > 0.05). Although the imaging scores for dental pulp and PDL as well as the detection rate of the number of root canals with 5T MRI were inferior to those with CBCT (dental pulp: P < 0.001; PDL: P = 0.02; number of root canals: P < 0.05), 5T MRI can truly achieve "direct imaging" of these two soft tissues. Conclusion 5T MRI enables effective in vivo direct imaging of dental pulp and PDL tissues in the young adult population, indicating its potential clinical application value in the diagnosis and treatment of pulp and periodontal diseases.

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of pertussis in Jiaxing City from 2004 to 2023 and spatio-temporal clustering characteristics from 2022 to 2023, so as to provide insights into formulation of pertussis control measures. Methods: Data of pertussis cases in Jiaxing City from 2004 to 2023 were collected through the Infectious Disease Report Information System of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The epidemiological characteristics of pertussis cases in Jiaxing City from 2004 to 2023 were descriptively analyzed, and the spatio-temporal clustering characteristics from 2022 to 2023 were analyzed using spatio-temporal scanning. Results: A total of 478 pertussis cases were reported in Jiaxing City from 2004 to 2023, with an average annual reported incidence of 0.53/105. The reported incidence showed an upward trend from 2004 to 2023 (P<0.05), with the highest in 2022 (3.17/105). Higher incidence of pertussis was reported in June to August (149 cases, 31.17%) and November to December (112 cases, 23.43%). There was no statistically significant difference in the reported incidence between males and females (0.56/105 vs. 0.50/105, P>0.05). The cases aged under one year accounted for the highest proportion, with 199 cases (41.63%). Haining City (0.68/105), Jiashan County (0.64/105) and Tongxiang City (0.60/105) ranked the top three in the reported incidence of pertussis. Spatio-temporal scanning analysis showed that from 2022 to 2023, the primary clustering area of pertussis was centered in Daqiao Town of Nanhu District, covering 27 towns (streets) in Nanhu District, Jiashan County, Xiuzhou District and Pinghu City, and the clustering time was from November to December, 2023. Conclusions The reported incidence of pertussis was at a low level in Jiaxing City, but showed an upward trend from 2004 to 2023. The incidence of pertussis was higher among infants under one year of age, peaked in June to August and November to December, and was concentrated in Nanhu District and its surrounding areas.

Objective To analyze the obstacles and promoting factors of NICU nurses postural management of mechanically ventilated premature infants,and to provide reference for improving the postural management quality of mechanically ventilated premature infants.Methods From March to May 2024,12 nurses in NICU of 4 Grade A hospitals in were subjected by objective sampling during the period of phenomenological study,and investigated by semi-structured in-depth interviews.Colaizzi seven-step analysis was used for sorting out the interview data and analyzing the topics.Results The promoting factors for position management of premature infants on mechanical ventilation include empirical management,sense of responsibility,empathy,professional identity and reflection and summary;the hindering factors include nurses'lack of cognition of position management,lack of knowledge of position management,existence of risks and hidden dangers,improper allocation of human resources,difficulty in transforming scientific research achievements and lack of position management plans.Conclusion NICU nurses have obstacles and promoters to posture management of premature infants with mechanical ventilation,and intervention can improve posture management quality of premature infants with mechanical ventilation.

Objective To construct a uricase-deficient mouse model with stable inheritance using the CRISPR/Cas9 system,and evaluate its ability to simulate the disease characteristics of patients with hyperuricemia.Methods Double single guide RNAs(sgRNAs)were designed on both sides of exon 2～4 of the Uox gene.sgRNA and Cas9 mRNA for gene knockout were microinjected into the fertilized eggs of mice.After culture for 2～4 h,the embryos were transferred to surrogate mother mice to produce an F0 generation.Uox-knockout mice were identified by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing analysis.Positive mice were then mated with wild-type(WT)mice to produce an F1 generation,and heterozygous female and male F1 mice were then selected to obtain homozygous F2 mice.Serum and urine levels of uric acid,creatinine,and urea,and serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)levels were detected and compared between homozygous and wild-type mice.Pathological changes in kidney and liver tissues were observed by hematoxylin and eosin and Masson staining.Results Urine levels of serum uric acid(male:(4116.8±1928.1)μmol/L,P＜0.001;female:(2998.0±547.7)μmol/L,P＜0.01)and serum levels of uric acid(male:(478.4±114.6)μmol/L,P＜0.001;female:(507.7±129.6)μmol/L,P＜0.001),creatinine((91.8±55.6)μmol/L,P＜0.001),urea((28.6±13.9)mmol/L,P＜0.05),ALT((53.3±23.3)U/L,P＜0.01),and AST((203.3±70.3)U/L,P＜0.001)were significantly increased in Uox-/-mice compared with WT mice.Histopathological examination showed moderate hepatocyte degeneration in the liver,moderate-to-severe tubular cystic dilation,degeneration,and fibrosis in the kidney,glomerular hypertrophy and hyperplasia,small-vessel dilation and congestion,and infiltration of stromal monocytes and lymphocytes in Uox-/-mice.Conclusions We successfully established a homozygous uricase-deficient mouse strain using CRISPR/Cas9 technology,as a suitable animal model for research in the field of hyperuricemia.

Objective The objective of this study was to analyze the mortality and changing trend of head and neck cancer(nasopharyngeal cancer,laryngeal cancer,thyroid cancer,and oral cancer)in cancer registry areas of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Re-gion from 2010 to 2020,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of head and neck cancer in Inner Mongolia Au-tonomous Region.Methods The mortality data for head and neck cancers(nasopharyngeal cancer,laryngeal cancer,thyroid cancer,and oral cancers)in the tumor registration database of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2010 to 2020 were sorted out,and the China standard mortality of head and neck were calculated by gender,urban and rural areas,and cancer types.The average annual per-centage change(AAPC)was analyzed using Joinpoint 4.9.1.0 software to assess the trend of China standard mortality of head and neck cancers and cancer types.Results The China standard mortality of head and neck cancers in cancer registry areas of Inner Mongolia was 2.85/100,000.The China standard mortality of males(4.24/100,000)was higher than that of females(1.53/100,000),and the China standard mortality in rural areas(2.93/100,000)was higher than that in urban areas(2.79/100,000).The China standard mortality of oral cancer was the highest at 1.16/100,000,and the China standard mortality of nasopharyngeal cancer was the lowest at 0.42/100,000.From 2010 to 2020,the mortality of head and neck cancers increased by an average annual rate of 3.79%(95%CI:1.45%-6.17%),and the trend was statistically significant(P=0.005).The mortality of male head and neck canc-er increased by an annual rate of 7.27%(95%CI:3.05%-11.65%),and the trend was statistically significant(P=0.003).The mortality of females decreased by an average annual rate of 1.08%(95%CI:-4.51%-2.47%),and the trend was not statistically significant(P=0.500).The mortality of oral cancer showed an upward trend with an AAPC of 7.35%(P=0.040),and the mortality of laryngeal cancer,thyroid cancer and nasopharyngeal cancer showed no statistically significant trend(AAPC was3.36%,1.38%and-0.36%,respectively,P>0.05).Conclusion The mortality of head and neck cancer in cancer registry areas of Inner Mongolia Au-tonomous Region showed an upward trend from 2010 to 2020.The prevention and treatment of head and neck cancer should be paid to attention,with rural areas and male groups as the key prevention and control targets.The control measures should be strengthened for high-risk behaviors such as occupational exposure and alcohol consumption,oral cancer prevention and control should be focused on,and HPV vaccination and tobacco control policies should be strengthened.

Objective The objective of this study was to analyze the mortality and changing trend of head and neck cancer(nasopharyngeal cancer,laryngeal cancer,thyroid cancer,and oral cancer)in cancer registry areas of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Re-gion from 2010 to 2020,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of head and neck cancer in Inner Mongolia Au-tonomous Region.Methods The mortality data for head and neck cancers(nasopharyngeal cancer,laryngeal cancer,thyroid cancer,and oral cancers)in the tumor registration database of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2010 to 2020 were sorted out,and the China standard mortality of head and neck were calculated by gender,urban and rural areas,and cancer types.The average annual per-centage change(AAPC)was analyzed using Joinpoint 4.9.1.0 software to assess the trend of China standard mortality of head and neck cancers and cancer types.Results The China standard mortality of head and neck cancers in cancer registry areas of Inner Mongolia was 2.85/100,000.The China standard mortality of males(4.24/100,000)was higher than that of females(1.53/100,000),and the China standard mortality in rural areas(2.93/100,000)was higher than that in urban areas(2.79/100,000).The China standard mortality of oral cancer was the highest at 1.16/100,000,and the China standard mortality of nasopharyngeal cancer was the lowest at 0.42/100,000.From 2010 to 2020,the mortality of head and neck cancers increased by an average annual rate of 3.79%(95%CI:1.45%-6.17%),and the trend was statistically significant(P=0.005).The mortality of male head and neck canc-er increased by an annual rate of 7.27%(95%CI:3.05%-11.65%),and the trend was statistically significant(P=0.003).The mortality of females decreased by an average annual rate of 1.08%(95%CI:-4.51%-2.47%),and the trend was not statistically significant(P=0.500).The mortality of oral cancer showed an upward trend with an AAPC of 7.35%(P=0.040),and the mortality of laryngeal cancer,thyroid cancer and nasopharyngeal cancer showed no statistically significant trend(AAPC was3.36%,1.38%and-0.36%,respectively,P>0.05).Conclusion The mortality of head and neck cancer in cancer registry areas of Inner Mongolia Au-tonomous Region showed an upward trend from 2010 to 2020.The prevention and treatment of head and neck cancer should be paid to attention,with rural areas and male groups as the key prevention and control targets.The control measures should be strengthened for high-risk behaviors such as occupational exposure and alcohol consumption,oral cancer prevention and control should be focused on,and HPV vaccination and tobacco control policies should be strengthened.

Objective To investigate the effect of Eriodictyol(ERI)on the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease by regulating the expression of ubiquitin A 52(UBA52)at both in vivo and in vitro levels.Methods A mouse metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease model was established using a high-fat diet induction.The mice were randomly separated into the normal control group(normal group),the model group,the low-dose ERI group(ERI-L group,50 mg/kg ERI)and the high-dose ERI group(ERI-H group,100 mg/kg ERI),with 12 mice in each group.Oil red O staining was applied to observe lipid deposition in mouse liver tissue.HE staining was applied to observe pathological changes in mouse liver tissue.ELISA method was applied to detect serum levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),total cholesterol(TC)and triglycerides(TG)in mice.The expression of UBA52 protein in liver was detected by Western blot assay.HepG2 cells were treated with 0.5 mmol/L oleic acid to induce an in vitro metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease model.HepG2 cells were randomly divide into the control group,the oleic acid induced group,the low concentration ERI group(ERI low group,50 μmol/L ERI),the high concentration ERI group(ERI high group,100 μmol/L ERI),the high concentration ERI+si-NC group(ERI high+si-NC group,100 μmol/L ERI+transfected with si-NC)and the high concentration ERI+si-UBA52 group(ERI high+si-UBA52 group,100 μmol/L ERI+transfected with si-UBA52).Oil red O staining was applied to detect lipid deposition in HepG2 cells of each group.ELISA method was applied to detect the levels of TG,TC,SOD and MDA in HepG2 cells in each group.Immunoblotting was used to detect the expression levels of UBA52,p62 and autophagy related proteins in HepG2 cells.Results Compared with the normal group,serum levels of ALT,AST,LDL-C,TC,TG and the expression of UBA52 protein in liver tissue were increased in the model group(P＜0.05),and the lipid deposition in liver increased,pathological damage was severe,and the proportion of lipid deposition area and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)activity score were also increased(P＜0.05).Changes in the corresponding indicators in the ERI-L group and the ERI-H group were opposite to those of the model group(P＜0.05),and the ERI-H group was even lower(P＜0.05).The lipid deposition in liver decreased and the pathological damage was alleviated.Compared with the control group,the levels of TG,TC,MDA,the proportion of lipid droplet area and the expression of UBA52 protein were increased in HepG2 cells of the oleic acid-induced group,while the levels of SOD,p62 and LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ decreased(P＜0.05).Changes in the corresponding indicators of the low-concentration ERI group and the high-concentration ERI group were opposite to those of the oleic acid-induced group(P＜0.05),and the therapeutic effect of ERI on metabolic dysfuntion-associated steatotic liver disease was enhanced after knocking down the expression of UBA52.Conclusion ERI may slow down the progression of metabolic dysfuntion-associated steatotic liver disease by down-regulating the expression of UBA52 at both in vivo and in vitro levels.

OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical efficacy of Zhenshi Burn Ointment on postoperative wound healing of simple anal fistula and explore its potential mechanism of action.METHODS A total of 60 patients with low-position simple anal fistula of damp-heat pouring downward type admitted to the Department of Anorectum,Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nan-jing University of Chinese Medicine from May to December 2023 were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group,with 30 cases in each group.After surgery,the control group was given sterilized vaseline gauze for external application,and the experimental group was given Zhenshi Burn Ointment for external application.The course of treatment for both groups was 30 d.After treatment,the postoperative wound healing time,wound healing rate,pain score,wound granulation growth and secretion,and changes in TCM syndrome score were compared between the two groups.The pathological sec-tions of wound granulation tissue were compared 14 d after surgery.The transcription levels of COL1A1,type Ⅲ collagen(COL3A1),epidermal growth factor(EGF),and fibroblast growth factor(FGF2)in granulation tissue were detected by qPCR.The expression lev-els of proteins related to MEK/ERK signaling pathway were detected by Western blot.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the wound healing rates of the experimental group were significantly increased at 7,14,21,and 30 d after surgery(P<0.01),and the wound healing time was significantly shortened(P<0.01).At 7 d after surgery,the pain score of the experimental group was signifi-cantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).At 7 and 14 d after surgery,the granulation growth score of the wound in the ex-perimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.01).At 14 d after surgery,the secretion score of the ex-perimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.01).At 14 and 30 d after surgery,the total score of TCM syndrome in the experimental group was significantly better than that in the control group(P<0.05).At 14 d after surgery,the patho-logical improvement of granulation tissue in the wound in the experimental group was better than that in the control group,and the con-tent of collagen fiber and type I collagen(Collagen I)was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.01).The mRNA contents of COL1A1,COL3A1,EGF,and FGF2 were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01);the levels of p-MEK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 proteins were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Zhenshi Burn Ointment has a good effect on promoting postoperative anal fistula wound healing,which may be related to upregulating growth factor expression,promoting collagen regeneration,and activating MEK/ERK pathway.

Objective To study the plasma metabolomics of mice poisoned by different dosage of the combination of diazepam and ethanol,and to reveal the toxicological mechanisms of combined poisoning of diazepam and ethanol.Methods Female Kunming mice were randomly divided into blank group,single and combined poisoning group(n=6),Based on the LD50 of diazepam co-administered with graded ethanol doses,mice in the single-drug and combined groups received oral gavage at 1/2,1,and 2 × LD50.Retro-orbital blood samples(～500 μL)were collected within 24 hours post-administration and analyzed by UPLC-QE-MS technology.Principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis were used to identify differential metabolites and associated metabolic pathways.Results A total of 387 differential metabolites were identified in the combined poisoning group of diazepam and ethanol implicating the key pathways including tryptophan metabolism,phenylalanine metabolism,arginine and proline metabolism,Glycerophospholipid metabolism,phenylalanine,tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis.Conclusion Combined diazepam and ethanol poisoning exerts significant systemic effects by disrupting neurotransmitters conduction,exacerbating oxidative stress response and dysregulating energy metabolism.

Objective:To identify the risk factors for postoperative sleep disturbance (PSD) in patients undergoing spine surgery.Methods:In this case-control study, patients who underwent spine surgery from December 2023 to June 2024 at Beijing Tiantan Hospital of Capital Medical University, were selected as the subjects of the study. The quality of postoperative sleep was assessed using the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS). The baseline characteristics and various perioperative indicators of the patients were collected. The patients were divided into PSD group and non-PSD group according to whether they had PSD. The variables with statistically significant differences from the univariate analysis were included in a multivariate logistic regression to identify the risk factors for PSD.Results:The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative sleep disturbance (odds ratio [ OR]=2.23, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 1.06-4.72, P=0.036), course of disease > 12 months ( OR=2.20, 95% CI 1.14-4.24, P=0.019) and AIS score > 2 on the night before surgery ( OR=2.06, 95% CI 1.02-4.16, P=0.045) were the independent risk factors for PSD in patients undergoing spine surgery. Conclusions:Preoperative sleep disturbance, course of disease > 12 months and AIS score > 2 on the night before surgery are independent risk factors for PSD in patients undergoing spine surgery.