Objective:To summarize the use rate,safety,efficacy of antithrombotics in stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) prevention,and reasons for not using dabigatran etexilate (DE) in Shanghai,China.Methods:Non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF)-associated stroke patients were prospectively registered as an electronic database.Use rate of antithrombofics and reasons for not using DE were extracted during follow-up.Patients' baseline characteristics,recurrent ischemic stroke/TIA events and bleeding complications were analyzed.Patients:From April 2012 to August 2014,110 inpatients with NVAF-associated stroke were studied in our hospital.NVAF was diagnosed by 12-lead electrocardiogram,24 h Holter and echocardiography.Results:Before introduction of DE (April 2013),use rates of warfarin and antiplatelets were 28.9％ (11/38) and 60.5％ (23/38)respectively; after that,use rates of warfarin,DE,and antiplatelets were 20.8％ (15/72),12.5％ (9/72),and 43.1％ (31/72).The DE did not improve use of anticoagulants (P =0.639).There were 19 (17.3％) recurrent ischemic stroke events up to October 2015; two (9.5％) in the non-user group,10 (18.5％) in the antiplatelet group,and seven (20.0％) in the anticoagulants group (P =0.570).Furthermore,recurrence rates were similar between the DE group (20.0％) and the Warfarin group (20.0％,P =1.000).The most common reason for not using DE was financial concerns (61.0％),followed by inconvenience to purchase (14.0％) and hemorrhage concerns (11.0％).Two patients using warfarin found fecal occult blood so they stopped warfarin and began to use antiplatelet drugs.No bleeding event occurred in the other groups.Only one patient had side effects (dyspepsia and gastroesophageal reflux)from DE.Conclusion:The use rate of either DE or warfarin in Shanghai was low; DE had not improved anticoagulation therapy for NVAF patients in Shanghai mainly because DE had not been covered by health insurance.

Objective:To summarize the use rate,safety,efficacy of antithrombotics in stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) prevention,and reasons for not using dabigatran etexilate (DE) in Shanghai,China.Methods:Non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF)-associated stroke patients were prospectively registered as an electronic database.Use rate of antithrombofics and reasons for not using DE were extracted during follow-up.Patients' baseline characteristics,recurrent ischemic stroke/TIA events and bleeding complications were analyzed.Patients:From April 2012 to August 2014,110 inpatients with NVAF-associated stroke were studied in our hospital.NVAF was diagnosed by 12-lead electrocardiogram,24 h Holter and echocardiography.Results:Before introduction of DE (April 2013),use rates of warfarin and antiplatelets were 28.9％ (11/38) and 60.5％ (23/38)respectively; after that,use rates of warfarin,DE,and antiplatelets were 20.8％ (15/72),12.5％ (9/72),and 43.1％ (31/72).The DE did not improve use of anticoagulants (P =0.639).There were 19 (17.3％) recurrent ischemic stroke events up to October 2015; two (9.5％) in the non-user group,10 (18.5％) in the antiplatelet group,and seven (20.0％) in the anticoagulants group (P =0.570).Furthermore,recurrence rates were similar between the DE group (20.0％) and the Warfarin group (20.0％,P =1.000).The most common reason for not using DE was financial concerns (61.0％),followed by inconvenience to purchase (14.0％) and hemorrhage concerns (11.0％).Two patients using warfarin found fecal occult blood so they stopped warfarin and began to use antiplatelet drugs.No bleeding event occurred in the other groups.Only one patient had side effects (dyspepsia and gastroesophageal reflux)from DE.Conclusion:The use rate of either DE or warfarin in Shanghai was low; DE had not improved anticoagulation therapy for NVAF patients in Shanghai mainly because DE had not been covered by health insurance.

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on the migration in vitro of the murine mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and its related mechanisms. The migration ability of murine MSC (C3H10T1/2), ICAM-1 transfected MSC (C3H10T1/2-MIGR1-ICAM-1) and empty vector-transfected MSC (C3H10T 1/2-MIGR1) were assayed in vitro by using the transwell system. Briefly, the cells were seeded on the membrane with 8 µm aperture and the fetal bovine serum was used as the chemotactic agent to induce MSC migration. The transmigrated cells were stained by crystal purple as well as DAPI for 8 h and 12 h respectively. The absolute cell numbers were counted and the migration rates of MSC were evaluated in each group. To explore the potential mechanisms which control the migration of MSC, the specific chemical inhibitors of MAPK pathway (SB203580, PD98059 and JNK inhibitor II) were added to the transwell system and the alteration of the MSC migration ability were evaluated at 12 h. The results showed that the migration ability at 8 h and 12 h of the ICAM-1-transfected MSC increased. Both absolute cell number and migration rate of MSC were significantly up-regulated by ICAM-1. Furthermore, the promoting effect of ICAM-1 on migration was partially suppressed by the inhibition of JNK/SAPK pathway. The transmigrated cell numbers and the migration rate decreased with the addition of JNK inhibitor II. However, the ICAM-1 promoting migration of MSC was not suppressed by the inhibitors for ERK/MAPK and p38/MAPK pathway did not work in the present study. It is concluded that ICAM-1 can induce mouse MSC migration in vitro, and the promoting effect is partially dependent on the activation of JNK/SAPK pathway.
Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Movement ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Mice ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo discuss the mechanism of the Chinese medicine Keyouling in the treatment of condyloma axuminatum (CA).

METHODSHuman prepuce epidermis cells and CA cells were primarily cultured and subcultured. We determined the proliferation of human prepuce epidermis cells and CA cells, and observed the influence of Keyouling with different concentrations on the proliferation of human prepuce epidermis cells and CA cells by means of MTT colourimetry assay.

RESULTSThe absorbance was directly proportional to the numbers of human prepuce epidermis cells (r = 0.9850, P < 0.001) and CA cells (r = 0.9892, P < 0.001). Keyouling had no effect on proliferation of the human prepuce epidermis cells, but it had significant inhibition on CA cells. The concentrations of Keyouling bore negative correlation with the proliferation percentage of CA cells(r = -0.4124, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONKeyouling can significantly restrain the growth and proliferation of CA cells but has no damaging effect on normal organic cuticle cells. It is suggested that Keyouling might have anti-HPV effect.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Condylomata Acuminata ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Penile Diseases ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Penis ; drug effects ; Skin ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of Chinese herbal composition Zengjing Granule (ZJG) on the quality of sperm in the epididymis of infertile rats, and to study its therapeutic mechanisms of improving sperm quality.

METHODSA total of 40 GTW infertile rats were divided into 4 groups of 10 rats each, including an infertility group[GTW 2 mg/(ml.100 g)], a high-dosage group[ZJG 0.67 g/(ml.100 g) + GTW 2 mg/(ml.100 g)], a medium-dosage group[ZJG 0.33 g/(ml.100 g) + GTW 2 mg/(ml.100 g)], a low-dosage group[ZJG 0.17 g/(ml.100 g) + GTW 2 mg/(ml.100 g)], and a normal control group(1% CMC). This study consisted of a 3-week modeling period and a 3-week ZJG period. The changes of sperm quality, the thickness of the epididymal gland canal wall and sexual organ coefficient were detected after 3-week ZJG period.

RESULTSOf the 3 ZJG groups, the sperm density was (59.6 +/- 3.72), (63.3 +/- 5.70) and (69.7 +/- 6.91) x 10(6)/ml, the sperm motility rates were (65.4 +/- 6.33)%, (69.3 +/- 10.96)% and (72.6 +/- 9.61)%, the sperm deformity rates were (52.3 +/- 7.47)%, (46.2 +/- 7.73)% and (33.2 +/- 7.97)% respectively. The ZJG groups showed significant difference from the infertility group (P < 0.05), whose sperm density, motility and deformity were (13.1 +/- 6.81) x 10(6)/ml, (7.6 +/- 5.87)%, and (77.2 +/- 8.75)% respectively. But there was no significant difference between ZJG groups and the normal control group (P > 0.05), whose sperm density, motility and deformity were (75.6 +/- 10.82) x 10(6)/ml, (83.00 +/- 8.02)%, and (8.80 +/- 3.49)% respectively. The thickness of the epididymal gland canal wall was (37.07 +/- 3.38), (37.16 +/- 6.69) and (43.42 +/- 10.23) nm in the three ZJG groups respectively, different from the infertility group[(28.65 +/- 6.96) nm] (P < 0.05) significantly, but not from the normal control group [(45.79 +/- 11.13) nm] (P > 0.05). The ZJG groups showed an increase in the organ coefficient of the epididymal gland canal wall. And these was obvious statistical difference compared with the infertility group (P < 0.05), but no statistical significance compared with the normal control group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSZJG can obviously improve the sperm quality of infertile rats. Its therapeutic mechanisms can be summed up as follows: restoring the thickness of epididymal gland wall, increasing the organ coefficient of testes and epididymis, and hence improving the spermatozoa maturing function of epididymis of infertile rats.

Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Epididymis ; drug effects ; pathology ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects

OBJECTIVESTo study the PDE5 activity in corpora cavernosa of the Ganyu Qizhi model penis and the effect of the Chinese herbal medicine Shugan Liqi Huoxue (SLH) ointment on it.

METHODSNon-injury stress stimulus method similar to human spirit stress was used to extablish the Ganyu Qizhi animal(rat) model, and the PDE5 activity in corpora cavernosa of the rat penis was measured by the method of immunohistochemistry and computer image analysis.

RESULTSThe PDE5 activity in corpora cavernosa of the high-dosage SLH group was significantly different from that of the model group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONGanyu Qizhi may increase the PDE5 activity in corpora cavernosa of the penis while SLH can reduce such activity.

3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5 ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Erectile Dysfunction ; etiology ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Models, Animal ; Penis ; drug effects ; enzymology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objectives: To evaluate the mechanism of using TGJN(a kind of extract of Chinese herb medicine)to treat BPH. Methods: The radioligandbinding assays were used to observe the inhibiting effect from TGJN to the α1-AR in human smooth muscle cells of hyperplastic prostate. Results: TGJN can inhibit the binding of α1-AR with 125 I BE through binding with α1-AR.The inhibition was related to the concentration of TGJN and the inhibition was the biggest in middle lobe of human hyperplastic prostate[The Ki was (200.3±19.83)mg/L]. Conclusions: TGJNcan inhibit the α1-AR in human smooth muscle cells of hyperplastic prostate. Natl J Androl,2001,7(2):136～138