In view of the high incidence of malignant diseases such as malignant arrhythmias in the elderly population, accidental injuries such as falls, and the problem of no witnesses when danger occurs, the study developed a human vital signs and body posture monitoring and positioning alarm system. Through the collection and analysis of electrocardiogram (ECG), respiration (RESP) and acceleration (ACC) signals, the system monitors human vital signs and body posture in real time, automatically judges critical states such as malignant arrhythmias and accidental falls on the local device side, and then issues alarm information, opens the positioning function, and uploads physiological information and patient location information through 4G communication. Experiments have shown that the system can accurately determine the occurrence of ventricular fibrillation and falls, and issue position and alarm information.
Humans ; Aged ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac/diagnosis* ; Ventricular Fibrillation ; Electrocardiography ; Accidental Falls ; Vital Signs ; Posture ; Monitoring, Physiologic

Physiological parameter monitoring is essential to medical staff to evaluate, diagnose and treat patients in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Monitoring in NICU includes basic vital signal monitoring and functional monitoring. Basic vital signal monitoring (including ECG, respiration, SpO2, blood pressure, temperature) is advanced and focus on study of usability, continuity and anti-interference. Functional monitoring (including respiratory function, circulatory function, cerebral function) still focus on study of monitoring precision and reliability. Meanwhile, video monitoring and artifact intelligence have presented well performance on improving monitoring precision and anti-interference. In this article, the main parameters and relevant measurement technology for monitoring critical neonates were described.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Reproducibility of Results ; Respiration ; Technology ; Vital Signs

OBJECTIVE: Non-contact continuous blood pressure monitoring is significant in vital sign monitoring. Frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar is suitable for non-contact wave signal extraction. A heartbeat-guided blood pressure monitoring algorithm using FMCW radar is proposed. METHODS: The target heart rate is detected and pulse wave signal is extracted based on FMCW reflected signals. The variational mode decomposition (VMD) is introduced to alleviate the interferences of human breath and slight body movements. The pulse wave signal is extracted based on target heart rate. Blood pressure related features of pure pulse waveform are extracted to obtain blood pressure based on its estimation model. RESULTS: Experiments are conducted indoor among 15 participants sitting in a nature state. The average accuracy of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) is 94.3% and that of systolic blood pressure is 94.4%. CONCLUSIONS The experimental results demonstrate the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, which makes it possible to further achieve long-term real-time non-contact blood pressure monitoring.
Algorithms ; Blood Pressure ; Blood Pressure Determination ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Radar ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Vital Signs

In order to obtain the three-dimensional pulse information and blood pressure waveform needed in the study, a radial artery simulation platform with programmable controlled injection pump as the core was constructed by using the circulation theory of human cardiovascular system and pulse wave formation mechanism. Gaussian function model was selected to synthesize multi-type pulse wave to program and drive the platform. The three-dimensional pulse information and blood pressure waveform of the simulated radial artery were collected by binocular visual pulse detection system and pressure transmitter respectively, and the platform stability and repeatability were tested by Pearson correlation. The experimental results show that the radial artery simulation platform is stable, reliable and repeatable, and can generate multiple types of three-dimensional pulse information and blood pressure waveform at the simulated radial artery. The platform is simple in structure, low in cost, and produces many types of pulsating flow. It provides an experimental research platform for revealing the relationship between the three-dimensional pulse information of radial artery and the change of pressure inside the vessel, as well as the prediction of blood pressure waveform from the three-dimensional pulse information.
Blood Pressure ; Computer Simulation ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Radial Artery ; Vital Signs

Life monitoring technology as the basis of health evaluation, in recent years, its related technology research also has new development, in which cardiopulmonary parameters are the core physiological indicators to measure the basic state of vital signs, the analysis of its monitoring technology is particularly important. In this study, the main means of life monitoring are analyzed, and the monitoring technology of cardiopulmonary parameters is the main focus. What is more, the research status and development of contact and non-contact cardiopulmonary monitoring technology at home and abroad were also considered. Lastly, this study will be combined with the radar wave vital signs monitoring technology, which has been achieved good results in the field of cardiopulmonary monitoring, in order to provide a reference for the long-term development of life monitoring field and the technology integration of intelligent pension, intelligent automobile and other related industries.
Algorithms ; Heart Rate ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Radar ; Respiratory Rate ; Technology ; Vital Signs

Physiological parameters monitoring is essential to direct medical staff to evaluate, diagnose and treat critical patients quantitatively. ECG, blood pressure, SpO2, respiratory rate and body temperature are the basic vital signs of patients in the ICU. The measuring methods are relatively mature at present, and the trend is to be wireless and more accurate and comfortable. Hemodynamics, oxygen metabolism and microcirculation should be taken seriously during the treatment of acute critical patients. The related monitoring technology has made significant progress in recent years, the trend is to reduce the trauma and improve the accuracy and usability. With the development of machine vision and data fusion technology, the identification of patient behavior and deterioration has become hot topics. This review is focused on current parameters monitoring technologies, aims to provide reference for future related research.
Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Oxygen Saturation ; Technology ; Vital Signs

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Recent studies have demonstrated that etomidate is a safe sedative drug with noninferior sedative effects. In our recent study, we revealed that etomidate/midazolam was more hemodynamically stable than propofol/midazolam in elderly patients undergoing colonoscopies. We aimed to investigate whether compared with propofol/midazolam, etomidate/midazolam causes fewer cardiopulmonary adverse events with noninferior efficacy for screening colonoscopies in patients of all ages. METHODS: In this single-center, randomized, double-blind study, we prospectively enrolled 200 patients. The patients were divided into etomidate and propofol groups. The primary outcome was the occurrence of cardiopulmonary adverse events. The secondary outcomes were the proportion of patients with fluctuations in vital signs (oxygen desaturation and transient hypotension), adverse events interrupting the procedure, and sedation-related outcomes. RESULTS: Adverse cardiopulmonary events were more common in the propofol group than the etomidate group (65.0% vs 51.0%, respectively; p=0.045). Forty-six patients (46.0%) in the propofol group and 29 (29.0%) in the etomidate group experienced fluctuations in their vital signs (p=0.013). The proportions of patients experiencing adverse events that interrupted the procedure, including myoclonus, were not significantly different between the two groups (etomidate: 20.0% vs propofol: 11.0%; p=0.079). Both groups had similar sedation-related outcomes. Multivariate analysis revealed that compared with the propofol groups, the etomidate group had a significantly lower risk of fluctuations in vital signs (odds ratio, 0.427; 95% confidence interval, 0.230 to 0.792; p=0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with using propofol/midazolam, using etomidate/midazolam for screening colonoscopies results in more stable hemodynamic responses in patients of all ages; therefore, we recommend using etomidate/midazolam for colonoscopies in patients with cardiovascular risk factors.
Aged ; Colonoscopy ; Double-Blind Method ; Etomidate ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; Mass Screening ; Midazolam ; Multivariate Analysis ; Myoclonus ; Propofol ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Vital Signs

PURPOSE: To evaluate superiority of a night float (NF) system in comparison to a traditional night on-call (NO) system for surgical residents at a single institution in terms of efficacy, safety, and satisfaction. METHODS: A NF system was implemented from March to September 2017 and big data analysis from electronic medical records was performed for all patients admitted for surgery or contacted from the emergency room (ER). Parameters including vital signs, mortality, and morbidity rates, as well as promptness of response to ER calls, were compared against a comparable period (March to September 2016) during which a NO system was in effect. A survey was also performed for physicians and nurses who had experienced both systems. RESULTS: A total of 150,000 clinical data were analyzed. Under the NO and NF systems, a total of 3,900 and 3,726 patients were admitted for surgery. Mortality rates were similar but postoperative bleeding was significantly higher in the NO system (0.5% vs. 0.2%, P = 0.031). From the 1,462 and 1,354 patients under the NO and NF systems respectively, that required surgical consultation from the ER, the time to response was significantly shorter in the NF system (54.5 ± 70.7 minutes vs. 66.8 ± 83.8 minutes, P < 0.001). Both physicians (90.4%) and nurses (91.4%) agreed that the NF system was more beneficial. CONCLUSION: This is the first report of a NF system using big data analysis in Korea, and potential benefits of this new system were observed in both ward and ER patient management.
Electronic Health Records ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Internship and Residency ; Korea ; Medical Staff ; Mortality ; Statistics as Topic ; Vital Signs

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of breast milk olfactory stimulation on physiological responses, oral feeding progression, and body weight in preterm infants. METHODS: A repeated measures design with nonequivalent control group was used. The participants were healthy, preterm infants born at a gestational age of 28~32 weeks; 12 in the experimental group and 16 in the control group. Data were collected prospectively in the experimental group, and retrospectively in the control group, by the same methods. Breast milk olfactory stimulation was provided 12 times over 15 days. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon signed rank test and linear mixed models using SPSS 19. RESULTS: The gastric residual volume (GRV) of the experimental group was significantly less than that of the control group. The heart rate, oxygen saturation, respiration rate, transition time to oral feeding, and body weight were not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that breast milk olfactory stimulation reduces GRV and improves digestive function in preterm infants without inducing distress.
Body Weight ; Breast ; Gastric Emptying ; Gestational Age ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Milk, Human ; Oxygen ; Prospective Studies ; Residual Volume ; Respiratory Rate ; Retrospective Studies ; Smell ; Vital Signs

PURPOSE: Although lavender is purported to possess anxiolytic and sedative properties and is often recommended for relieving anxiety, the efficacy of lavender has not been well established. Thus, this review aimed to evaluate the anxiolytic effects of lavender aromatherapy.METHODS: Ten data bases were searched for studies published between 2000 and 2018. Randomized controlled trials investigating the anxiolytic effects of lavender aromatherapy with any type of application for persons with or without clinical anxiety were included. The outcome variables included self-rated anxiety, vital signs, and salivary cortisol and chromogranin A (CgA) levels. In the meta-analysis, standardized mean difference and 95% confidence interval were calculated as effect measures by applying the random effect model and inverse variance method.RESULTS: Twenty-two trials met our inclusion criteria. Lavender aromatherapy was found to have favorable effects in relieving anxiety (Hedges' ĝ = −0.65; 95% CI, −0.84 to −0.46) and decreasing systolic blood pressure (ĝ = −0.22; 95% CI, −0.43 to −0.02), heart rate (ĝ = −0.53; 95% CI, −0.74 to −0.32), and salivary cortisol (ĝ = −1.29; 95% CI, −2.23 to −0.35) and CgA (ĝ = −2.29; 95% CI, −3.24 to −1.34) levels. However, the meta-analysis did not reveal any significant effects of lavender on diastolic blood pressure (effect size: −0.17; 95% CI, −0.37e0.04).CONCLUSION: Aromatherapy using lavender oil might have favorable effects on anxiety and its physiological manifestations. Future studies are recommended with an emphasis on methodological quality. In nursing practice, it is suggested that lavender aromatherapy be included in programs intended to manage anxiety in patients across diverse healthcare settings.
Anti-Anxiety Agents ; Anxiety ; Aromatherapy ; Blood Pressure ; Chromogranin A ; Delivery of Health Care ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Lavandula ; Methods ; Nursing ; Vital Signs