High-pressure saline hydropulsion is a minimally invasive diagnostic and palliative technique for nasal tumors, rhinitis, and foreign bodies in dogs when endoscopic biopsy is not feasible. From June to August 2024, four dogs presented with nasal discharge, sneezing, dyspnea, reverse sneezing, and cough and underwent hydropulsion. Three dogs (Cases 1, 2, and 3) received the procedure for diagnostic and symptomatic relief, while one (Case 4) underwent hydropulsion for foreign body removal. The procedure involved sealing the esophagus, securing the endotracheal tube cuff, blocking one nostril, and forcefully injecting 20-60 mL of saline into the opposite nostril. Tissue samples were successfully obtained from three dogs, leading to diagnoses of nasal adenocarcinoma, eosinophilic granuloma, and neutrophilic inflammation. The dog with a suspected foreign body recovered fully post-hydropulsion. This study suggests that hydropulsion is an effective, non-invasive method for obtaining biopsy samples and alleviating nasal obstruction caused by foreign bodies or inflammation.

Purpose: : Assertiveness is a crucial factor in patient safety, workplace violence, and work stress, and is associated with better interpersonal relationships in clinical settings. Despite its significance, a standardized assertiveness scale reflecting Korean healthcare culture is currently lacking. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the assertiveness scale for nurses (K-ASN). Methods: : The survey was conducted with 250 nurses working in secondary and tertiary hospitals in Korea. The study examined content, criterion, and construct validity using exploratory factor analysis and also assessed internal consistency reliability. Results: : The K-ASN consists of 22 items and 6 factors, namely self-denial, confrontation, dealing with criticism, positive assertion, spontaneity, and active assertion. The K-ASN demonstrated good content validity and a high criterion validity with the Rathus Assertiveness Schedule (RAS) at .75. The internal consistency reliability was also satisfactory, with a Cronbach’s alpha of .80, and subscale reliability ranging from .52 to .87. Conclusion : The K-ASN is a reliable and valid assertiveness scale for nurses in Korea. The K-ASN can be a valuable tool to be used to assess the assertiveness of healthcare professionals which is associated with improvements in interpersonal relationships, patient safety, and health-related outcomes.