Early screening, diagnosis, and intervention for congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) in infants are crucial for improving clinical outcomes. However, in China, limited awareness of CMT among child healthcare institutions and caregivers, as well as inconsistent professional standards among rehabilitation personnel, pose significant challenges to the effective diagnosis and management of CMT. The "Physical therapy management of congenital muscular torticollis: a 2024 evidence-based clinical practice guideline from the American Physical Therapy Association Academy of Pediatric Physical Therapy" includes 17 action statements, primarily addressing the prevention, identification, assessment, and intervention of CMT. This guideline is expected to facilitate early detection of CMT in infants, enhance the treatment capabilities of physical therapists, and improve clinical outcomes. This article provides an interpretation of the guideline in the context of the current status of CMT diagnosis and management in China, aiming to offer a reference for improving the ability of primary child healthcare providers and physical therapists to recognize and manage CMTropriately.
Humans ; Torticollis/diagnosis* ; Physical Therapy Modalities ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Infant ; United States

Professor WU Lian-zhong's experience in treating spasmodic torticollis by Kaiqiao Shunjin method (resuscitation and regulating muscle) is summarized in this paper. The pathogenesis of spasmodic torticollis is the occluded brain orifices and delirium, qi disorder of meridian tendons, specifically divided into five categories: damp-heat, liver-yang hyperactivity, liver-kidney yin deficiency, deficiency of the governor vessel, excess of the governor vessel. The treatment should be based on the symptoms and the root causes, the symptoms should be the main treatment, and the root cause should be treated based on syndrome differentiation. The main treatment is Kaiqiao Shunjin method (resuscitation and regulating muscle), and to take the chief (five heart acupoints-Shuigou [GV 26], Laogong [PC 8], Yongquan [KI 1]), deputy (Yintang [GV 24⁺], Shangxing [GV 23] through Baihui [GV 20], Ximen [PC 4]), assistant (Fenglong [ST 40], Lianquan [CV 23], combined with tongue needle prick), envoy (Hanyan [GB 4]) as the basic main acupoints, at the same time cooperate with local acupoints to remove knots and accumulation. Finally, syndrome differentiation is adopted to dredge meridians and disperse knots, regulate the governor vessel, and nourish yin and dispel wind.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy/history* ; Humans ; Meridians ; Needles ; Syndrome ; Torticollis/therapy*

The thinking and experience of professor
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Humans ; Meridians ; Moxibustion ; Torticollis/therapy*

Professor ' clinical experience in the treatment of primary cervical dystonia based on the syndrome differentiation of TCM was explored preliminarily. Based on the disease identification of western medicine and the syndrome differentiation of TCM, in combination with the differentiations of meridians and collaterals of acupuncture, Professor proposes the three-dimensional system of diagnosis and treatment of acupuncture, named "disease differentiation, TCM syndrome differentiation and meridian differentiation". Regarding the diagnosis and treatment of primary cervical dystonia, the physical examination of nerve system, TCM syndrome differentiation and meridian differentiation are equally important. It is pointed out that the key pathogenesis of the disease is and blood obstruction and the malnutrition in the muscle regions of meridians. Hence, the treating principle is proposed as eliminating the exogenous pathogens, regulating and blood and unblocking the muscle regions of meridians. Professor also stresses that the affected sites and the factors of dystonia should be considered in acupuncture treatment. The local points are mainly those adjacent to the responsible muscles with the motor disturbance in the neck region. "Xinshe" point (Extra) is taken as the empirical point. The distal points are selected in accordance with the three-dimensional system of diagnosis and treatment. At the same time, the percutaneous acupoint electric stimulation is applied to the starting and ending points or the conjunctive points of the affected muscles, acting on regulating , nourishing blood and promoting the circulation in meridians and collaterals.
Acupuncture Therapy ; Humans ; Meridians ; Torticollis

Child ; Contracture ; congenital ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Neck Muscles ; pathology ; Torticollis ; congenital

Acupuncture Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Torticollis ; therapy

Acupuncture Therapy ; Child ; Humans ; Male ; Torticollis ; complications ; therapy ; Tourette Syndrome ; complications ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo compare the difference in the efficacy on spasmodic torticollis between matrix needling technique combined with puncturing "Wuxin points" and the local injection of botox type A.

METHODSForty-two cases were randomized into an acupuncture group and a botox group, 21 cases in each one. In the acupuncture group, the matrix needling technique was used and acupuncture was adopted at Fengchi (GB 20), "Wuxin points" [Shuigou (GV 26), bilateral Laogong (PC 8) and bilateral Yongquan (KI 1)] and local Ashi points. In the botox group, botox type A was injected at several spots of local region. The treatment course was 1 month in the two groups. The efficacy in each weekend and the results of follow-up visit in half a year after treatment were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSIn the 1st weekend, the markedly effective rate was 42.8% (9/21) and the total effective rate was 90.5% (19/21) in the botox group, which were better than those of 4.8% (1/21) and 28.6% (6/21) respectively in the acupuncture group (both P < 0.01). In the 2nd weekend, the markedly effective rate was 71.4% (15/21) and the total effective rate was 95.2% (20/21) in the botox group, which were better than those of 19.1% (4/21) and 61.9% (13/21) respectively in the acupuncture group (both P < 0.01). In the 3rd weekend, the markedly effective rate was 66.7% (14/21) and the total effective rate was 95.2% (20/21) in the botox group, which were better than those of 38.1% (8/21) and 71.4% (15/21) respectively in the acupuncture group (both P < 0.05). The markedly effective rate and the total effective rate were not different significantly between the two groups in the treatment of 1 month and the follow-up visit in half a year (all P > 0.05). There was no adverse reaction in the acupuncture group. There were 14 cases of adverse reactions in the botox group, in which 9 cases of neck muscular weakness and 5 cases of neck muscular pain.

CONCLUSIONThe treatment of matrix needling technique and combined with acupuncture at "Wuxin points" achieves the significant efficacy on spasmodic torticollis. Although the effect is not obtained as quickly as the local injection of botox, the efficacy of matrix needling technique is similar to that of botox in the treatment of 1 month and the follow-up visit in half a year. Moreover, this therapy has no adverse reaction.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Torticollis ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Torticollis ; therapy

Spasmodic torticollis belongs to local dysmyotonia and it is a difficult and complicated disease with unknown pathogenic factor. The clinical effects of medication and operation on it are not satisfactory and there is not a safe and effective therapy for this disease at home and abroad. The authors apply flexibly the theory of treatment based on syndrome differentiation and fully exert the advantages of TCM to analyze the disease from pathogenic factor, disease and syndrome, pathogenesis and so on, and originally create acupuncture at "Wu Xin Xue" for treatment of this disease with Kaiqiao Shunjin method (resuscitation and regulating muscle) as main, clinically attaining satisfactory therapeutic effect.
Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Torticollis ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy