Objective To analyze the gait characteristics of patients with cognitive impairment in three different frailty states,and explore sensitive gait parameters that can effectively distinguish between their different frailty states,providing a reference for the assess-ment and intervention of frailty in patients with cognitive impairment.Methods A retrospective study was conducted.116 patients with cognitive impairment who visited the Memory Impairment Clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from October 2022 to November 2023 were included.Gait parameters were collected using the Mobility LabTM APDM Opal wearable system from the United States,and general clinical data and gait assessment results were analyzed.Results Among the 116 patients with cognitive impairment,24 patients were in the frailty phase,67 patients were in the pre-frailty phase,and 25 patients were in the non-frailty phase.Multivari-ate logistic regression analysis showed that walk velocity,stride length,double stance phase,and swing phase were significantly correlated with the frailty states of patients with cognitive impairment.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis showed that walk ve-locity,stride length,double stance phase,and swing had high predictive value for the frailty states of patients with cognitive impairment.Conclusion Compared with patients with cognitive impairment with non-frailty,patients with cognitive impairment and frailty had more significant gait disorders.Among them,the pre-frailty group mainly presented with reduced walk velocity and shortened stride length,while the frailty group,in addition to the reduced walk velocity and shortened stride length,also showed prolonged double stance phase and shortened swing phase.Walk velocity,stride length,double stance phase and swing phase are sensitive indicators for identifying dif-ferent frailty states in patients with cognitive impairment.

Objective To analyze the gait characteristics of patients with cognitive impairment in three different frailty states,and explore sensitive gait parameters that can effectively distinguish between their different frailty states,providing a reference for the assess-ment and intervention of frailty in patients with cognitive impairment.Methods A retrospective study was conducted.116 patients with cognitive impairment who visited the Memory Impairment Clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from October 2022 to November 2023 were included.Gait parameters were collected using the Mobility LabTM APDM Opal wearable system from the United States,and general clinical data and gait assessment results were analyzed.Results Among the 116 patients with cognitive impairment,24 patients were in the frailty phase,67 patients were in the pre-frailty phase,and 25 patients were in the non-frailty phase.Multivari-ate logistic regression analysis showed that walk velocity,stride length,double stance phase,and swing phase were significantly correlated with the frailty states of patients with cognitive impairment.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis showed that walk ve-locity,stride length,double stance phase,and swing had high predictive value for the frailty states of patients with cognitive impairment.Conclusion Compared with patients with cognitive impairment with non-frailty,patients with cognitive impairment and frailty had more significant gait disorders.Among them,the pre-frailty group mainly presented with reduced walk velocity and shortened stride length,while the frailty group,in addition to the reduced walk velocity and shortened stride length,also showed prolonged double stance phase and shortened swing phase.Walk velocity,stride length,double stance phase and swing phase are sensitive indicators for identifying dif-ferent frailty states in patients with cognitive impairment.

AIM: To explore whether AT2 receptor is expressed in skeletal muscular vasculature, and the expression of angiotensin Ⅱ receptors in pulmonary circulation of children with left-to-right shunt but without obstructive pulmonary hypertension. METHODS: Lung and skeletal muscular tissue were obtained from 20 children with left-to-right shunt by biopsy during operation. These skeletal muscular tissues were detected by reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR ) and immunohistochemistry techniques for AT2 receptors. mRNA of AT1 and AT2 receptors in lung tissues were detected by RT-PCR and analyzed semi-quantitatively. RESULTS: In all of the skeletal muscular tissues, mRNA of AT2 receptor was found by RT-PCR, and the results of immunohistochemistry staining for AT2 receptor of vessels were positive. In the lung tissues, the level of mRNA of AT2 receptor was different to AT1 receptor, and the former was higher than the latter (P