Objective:To systematically review the effect of patient decision aids (PDA) in the management of diabetes patients, and summarize the core elements, application process, forms of its research and development.Methods:In January 2024, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on PDA in diabetes patients were electronically searched in PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, PsycINFO and Scopus. Two researchers independently screened literature based on inclusion criteria and extracted data, and used the Cochrane Risk of Bias (version 5.1.0) for literature quality evaluation. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the core elements and application process of diabetes patients' PDA, and systematically evaluate its clinical effect.Results:A total of 10 articles were included, including statin drug selection decision, diabetes drug selection decision, diabetes treatment decision, individualized decision, personalized self-management goal setting and other decision topics. The overall quality of the 10 articles was moderate, with one article rated as A and nine articles rated as B. According to qualitative analysis, the core content of patient PDA involved three aspects of information support, analysis of the pros and cons of the plan, and clarification of patient value, and the implementation process was summarized into seven stages. There were various forms of patient PDA, which had an impact on diabetes patients' knowledge, decision conflict, decision participation, self-efficacy, and risk perception, and the effect on blood glucose management and compliance had not yet been confirmed.Conclusions:As an effective means to promote shared decision-making, diabetes patients' PDA can help improve patients' knowledge, decision conflict, decision participation, self-efficacy, and risk perception. Numerous PDAs suitable for Chinese patients should be developed.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the risk prediction model of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) recurrence, so as to provide theoretical guidance for the prevention of DFU recurrence.Methods:The literature on DFU risk prediction models was systematically searched on the Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, China Biology Medicine, CNKI, VIP, WanFang Data, and the citations and references of the included literature were traced back. The search period was from the establishment of the database to March 1, 2024, and the search language was not limited. Two researchers independently conducted literature screening and data extraction, and evaluated the quality of the included studies using the predictive model bias risk assessment tool.Results:A total of 12 articles were included, involving 18 prediction models, with a sample size ranging from 101 to 1 333 cases and a number of outcome events ranging from 29 to 209. The predictive factors with the high number of repeated model reports were ulcer location ( n=9), smoking history ( n=8), gender ( n=6), amputation history ( n=6), glycated hemoglobin ( n=5), and body mass index ( n=5). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve reported by 18 models ranged from 0.660 to 0.943. Nine articles underwent internal validation, and five articles underwent a combination of internal and external validation. These 18 prediction models had good applicability, but there was a high risk of bias, mainly concentrated in data analysis. Conclusions:Special attention should be paid to male DFU patients with foot ulcers and a history of smoking. The included model has good predictive performance and applicability, which helps medical and nursing staff identify high-risk patients for DFU recurrence early. Extensive and in-depth validation can be conducted on existing models, or prospective studies with multiple centers and large samples can be conducted to reduce bias and continuously optimize the model, thereby serving clinical practice well.