Objective: To investigate the attention cognitive function and symptom correlations of school aged children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)using event related potential (ERP) technology, so as to provide references for the early diagnosis of children with ADHD. Methods: A total of 52 school aged children diagnosed with ADHD at the outpatient department of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from September 2022 to September 2024 and 50 age /sex matched healthy controls were selected. The ERP experiment adopted the auditory Oddball task to conduct comparative analyses of the amplitude and latency of the mismatch negative(MMN) at the Fz, Cz, and Pz points of the scalp electrode and the P3a component respectively. The symptom assessment scales adopted the Swanson,Nolan,and Pelham-Ⅳ Rating Scale (SNAP-Ⅳ) and the Parent Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ), which were filled out by the parents. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between ERP components and symptoms in schoolaged children with ADHD. Results: The latency of MMN components in the healthy control group on the Fz lead was (188.30±2.06)ms, and the amplitude was (-15.54±1.35)μV; the latency of the P3a component on the Pz lead was (312.82±7.80)ms, and the amplitude was (3.80±0.18)μV. The latency of MMN components in the ADHD group on the Fz lead was (188.94±1.39)ms, and the amplitude was (-14.78±1.40)μV; the latency of the P3a component on the Pz lead was (317.21±5.65)ms, and the amplitude was (3.70±0.13)μV. Compared with normal children, the MMN of children with ADHD had smaller amplitudes in the Fz and Cz leads, and the P3a had greater latency and smaller amplitudes in the Cz and Pz leads ( t =2.79,2.20；-2.04，-3.25；2.35,3.21， P <0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the latency of MMN in children with ADHD was positively correlated with the inattention score in the SNAP-Ⅳ( r =0.22), and the amplitude of MMN was negatively correlated with the inattention score in the SNAP-Ⅳ and the learning problem score in PSQ ( r = -0.26 , -0.34)( P <0.05). The latency of P3a was positively correlated with the scores of inattention in the SNAP-Ⅳ and the score of learning problems in the PSQ ( r =0.26 ,0.24); the amplitude of P3a was negatively correlated with the scores of attention deficit and hyperactivity/impulsivity in the SNAP-Ⅳ and the scores of learning problems and impulsivity/hyperactivity in the PSQ( r = -0.26 , -0.22, -0.25,-0.32)( P <0.05). Conclusions School aged ADHD children exhibit abnormal MMN/P3a components, indicating attention related cognitive dysfunction. Symptoms such as inattention, learning problems and hyperactivity/impulsivity in children with ADHD are related to abnormal components of MMN and P3a.

Objective: To explore the association between CDKAL1 rs35261542, FAIM2 rs 3205718, and VGLL4 rs 2574704 polymorphisms with childhood obesity and related metabolic phenotypes to provide evidence for personalized prevention and management strategies. Methods: Based on the 2023 Long term Nutritional Health Effects of Early Childhood Nutrition Package Intervention project, the study enrolled 1 078 children aged 5-7 years from four counties in Henan (Songxian and Ruyang countries) and Guizhou (Guiding and Fuquan countries) provinces. Using BMI Z scores, 87 overweight and obese(OVOB) children were selected and matched by sex, age, and BMI Z score with 117 normal weight controls. Participants were further stratified into four metabolic phenotype groups: metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW, n =51), metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW, n =66), metabolically healthy obesity (MHO, n =31) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO, n =56) based on four conventional cardiometabolic risk factor (CR) criteria. Data were collected through questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, serum biochemical tests, and KASP genotyping. The distribution of three genetic polymorphisms ( CDKAL1 rs35261542, FAIM2 rs3205718, VGLL4 rs 2574704) across metabolic subgroups was analyzed. Multivariate Logistic regression models assessed associations between these polymorphisms and obesity/metabolic phenotypes. Results: Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that Homozygous mutant AA genotype of CDKAL1 rs 35261542 was positively associated with OVOB( OR =3.63), MHO ( OR =11.04), MUO ( OR = 4.88 ) ( P <0.05). Homozygous TT genotype of FAIM2 rs 3205718 increased OVOB risk ( OR =4.44, P <0.05) but showed no association with metabolic phenotypes ( P >0.05). Homozygous mutant TT of VGLL4 rs 2574704 reduced the risks of MHO and MUO ( OR = 0.30, 0.24， P <0.05). Cumulative genetic effects analysis demonstrated carriers of 1 or 2 risk genotypes of rs 35261542 and rs 3205718 had progressively higher OVOB risk ( OR =2.53, 20.79), and the combination of rs 35261542 and rs 2574704 increased risks for both MHO ( OR =8.50) and MUO ( OR =5.00) ( P <0.05). Conclusions The AA genotype of rs 35261542 ( CDKAL1 ) positively correlates with childhood obesity and metabolic abnormalities. The TT genotype of rs 3205718 ( FAIM 2) increases obesity risk but not metabolic phenotypes. The TT genotype of rs 2574704 ( VGLL 4) shows protective effects against metabolic dysfunction. Risk genotypes exhibit dosedependent cumulative effects on obesity and metabolic outcomes.

Background Occupational disease diagnosis appraisal is an appeal procedure initiated when a party disagrees with the occupational disease diagnosis conclusion. It is a legal procedure to safeguard the health rights of employees and the legitimate rights and interests of employers. Objective To analyze the data of occupational disease diagnosis appraisal in Shanghai, identify existing problems, and provide suggestions for improving. Methods Statistical analysis was conducted on basic situation, characteristics of workers and employers, disease classification, and consistency between diagnosis and appraisal conclusions of all occupational disease diagnosis appraisal cases from 2012 to 2024. All diagnosis conclusions were named in accordance with the Classified Catalogue of Occupational Diseases included employers were classified according to the Measures for the Statistical Classification of Large, Medium, Small and Micro Enterprises" and the Notice on Adjusting the Provisions for Classifying Enterprise Registration Types; industry classification followed the Industrial Classification for National Economic Activities (GB/T 4754-2017). Results From 2012 to 2024, a total of 260 cases of occupational diseases diagnosis appraisal were closed. The main diagnosis were 138 cases of ear, nose, throat, and oral diseases (53.1%), chemical poisoning (18.8%), and pneumoconiosis and other respiratory diseases (16.2%). The proportion of ear, nose, throat, and oral diseases gradually increased (2022 excluded). The incidence of annual municipal and provincial cases decreased by 76.3% and 85.0% respectively (2024 vs 2012). The consistency rate of conclusions between appraisal and diagnosis gradually increased. The total consistency rates between final appraisals and diagnostic conclusions were 81.5%, and 79.7%, 87.8%, 100.0%, 85.0% for ear, nose, throat, and oral diseases, chemical poisoning, and pneumoconiosis and other respiratory system diseases, respectively. Specifically, the consistency rates were 80.1% and 80.0% for noise-induced deafness and chronic benzene poisoning. In terms of inconsistency reasons, "inconsistent interpretation of standards and excessive discretion in standard application" accounted for 43.8%, followed by "failure to correctly apply standards" (31.3%) and and "discrepancies in occupational exposure history recognition" (15.6%). Conclusion The revisions and improvements of the legal system for occupational disease diagnosis appraisal have played a positive role in improving the consistency of conclusions between appraisal and diagnosis of occupational diseases in Shanghai. It is suggested to further strengthening the publicity and training of occupational disease diagnosis standards to improve the quality of occupational disease diagnosis.

Objective To evaluate the overall implementation of the WS 76-2020 standard in Anhui Province, China and identify and analyze the factors affecting the implementation of the standard, and to provide a basis for the effective implementation and revision of WS 76-2020. Methods According to the requirements of the Notice of the Department of Regulations in National Health Commission on the 2024 assessment of implementation of mandatory standards, an evaluation of radiological health standards was organized and conducted in Anhui Province. The evaluation involved the three dimensions of standard implementation status, technical content of the standards, and effectiveness of standard implementation, with subsequent data analysis. Results The total evaluation score for WS 76-2020 was 87.83 points, indicating that the standard effectively guided the quality control testing of medical X-ray diagnostic equipment. However, stability testing was either underutilized or not performed in practice. The qualified rate of X-ray diagnostic equipment in the province was 94.26%, with equipment performance issues identified as the leading contributor to non-qualified instances. Expert discussions highlighted recommendations particularly concerning the operability, applicability, and scientific rigor of the standard. Conclusion It is recommended to strengthen the dissemination and training for the standard, promote medical institutions to voluntarily conduct stability testing, provide supplementary clarifications or revisions for problematic clauses, and standardize quality control testing techniques for radiological diagnostic equipment.

Objective:To explore the correlation between frailty and carotid plaque stability in patients with ischemic stroke.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. From May to December 2023, convenience sampling was used to select 360 patients with ischemic stroke in the Department of Neurology of Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University and underwent carotid artery color Doppler ultrasound examination as the study subject. Patients were surveyed using the General Information Questionnaire, Barthel Index and the Edmonton Frail Scale. Carotid artery color Doppler ultrasound was used to evaluate the stability of carotid plaques in patients. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to explore the correlation between frailty and carotid plaque stability.Results:A total of 360 questionnaires were distributed, and 352 valid questionnaires were collected, with a valid response rate of 97.78%. The incidence of frailty in 352 ischemic stroke patients was 44.89% (158/352). Multivariate analysis showed that compared to stable plaques, unstable carotid plaques were an independent risk factor for frailty in patients with ischemic stroke ( OR=2.127, 95% confidence interval: 1.247-3.626) . Conclusions:Compared to stable plaques, unstable carotid plaques increase the risk of frailty in patients with ischemic stroke. Strengthening the assessment of carotid plaques in patients with ischemic stroke by nursing staff can early identify high-risk individuals for frailty, and timely carry out personalized interventions, thereby reducing the occurrence of adverse health events in patients.

Purpose: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can infect the human placenta and has been shown to have an adverse effect on Doppler ultrasound parameters and placental features. However, the specific effects of the SAS-CoV-2 infection on the fetal-placental unit in pregnant women remain unclear. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on Doppler ultrasound and placental findings in pregnant women. Methods: A systematic search was conducted using four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library) to select publications published in peer-reviewed journals written in English. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated, along with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochrane Q and I² statistics and the appropriate P-value. The analysis used RevMan 5.3. Results: This meta-analysis included 1,210 pregnant women from 10 case-control studies. SARS-CoV-2–infected pregnant women exhibited higher likelihoods of placental abnormalities (OR, 2.62; 95% CI, 1.66 to 4.13), aberrant Doppler values (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.16 to 3.27), an abnormal cerebroplacental ratio (OR, 2.68; 95% CI, 1.52 to 4.75), altered fetoplacental circulation (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.07 to 2.28), and increased placental thickness and placental venous lakes (OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.25 to 2.72). Conclusion According to this meta-analysis, pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 are more likely to experience altered Doppler ultrasonography parameters and placental abnormalities, including increased placental thickness, placental venous lakes, altered fetoplacental circulation, and cerebroplacental ratio. However, the limited number of case-control studies requires larger sample sizes to validate and enhance the evidence.

Chronic skin diseases have complex pathogeneses and prolonged courses, and have long adverse impacts on the physical and mental health, as well as the normal life of patients. It is necessary to develop evidence-based strategies and measures for effective prevention and control of chronic skin diseases. However, related studies are limited in China. This article proposes a population medicine research plan for health promotion and equity, and disease prevention, diagnosis, control, treatment, and rehabilitation to establish a collaborative platform for strengthening research on the prevention and treatment of chronic skin diseases in China.

[Objective]To summarize the clinical experience and academic views of Professor YIN Lianrong in the treatment of early retinal degeneration in high myopia.[Methods]Through clinical diagnosis and medical records collection,starting from the pathogenesis and theoretical basis of early retinal degeneration of high myopia,the clinical thought and experience of Professor YIN in the treatment of this disease were summarized,and the experimental case was attached for support.[Results]Retinal degeneration in high myopia progresses slowly,and myopic macular disease seriously impairs vision and is irreversible.Currently,there is no effective treatment.Therefore,Professor YIN combines the thought of"prevention before treatment of disease"with the theory of"eye is able to see with blood"in the clinic,and proposes to move the treatment node forward,that is,to intervene before the occurrence of irreversible macular lesions.Professor YIN believes that the key pathogenesis of the early stage of the disease is Qi and blood deficiency,vein stasis,and the treatment should be closely followed by the method of supplementing Qi and nourishing blood and promoting blood circulation,and flexible use of classical prescriptions Buyang Huanwu Decoction to improve choroidal and retinal blood flow,thereby delaying the progression of fundus lesions,the clinical effect is positive.In the medical case cited,Professor YIN's comprehensive pulse and fundus examination results identified it as the syndrome of Qi and blood deficiency and vein stasis;after treated with supplementation and reduction of Buyang Huanwu Decoction,excellent curative effect was achieved.[Conclusion]Professor YIN combines the idea of"prevention before treatment of disease"with the theory of"eye is able to see with blood",and gives intervention in the early stage of retinal degeneration in high myopia.Through the method of supplementing Qi and activating blood to promote Qi and blood flow and removing blood stasis,the blood flow of choroid and retina is improved,and the disease progression is delayed,the experience is worth clinical learning and reference.

Objective To explore the predictive value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound combined with serum alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)in the treatment of primary liver cancer by microwave ablation.Methods A total of 148 patients with primary liver cancer treated in Shulan(Hangzhou)Hospital from July 2020 to August 2022 were collected and divided into microwave ablation group and control group by random number table method,with 74 cases in each group.The microwave ablation group was treated with chemotherapy combined with microwave ablation,while the control group was treated with chemotherapy only,and the prognosis of two groups were compared.According to the prognosis,the microwave ablation group was divided into good prognosis group and poor prognosis group,.The differences in the cross-sectional area of microwave ablation foci and serum AFP index between the good prognosis group and the poor prognosis group were analyzed.The diagnostic value was analyzed by area under the curve(AUC),and the correlation was analyzed by Pearson method.Results The cumulative survival rates of the good prognosis group,the poor prognosis group,the microwave ablation group and the control group were 100.00％,10.71％,49.11％and 14.51％,respectively.Six months after operation,the cross-sectional area of microwave ablation foci in both the good prognosis group and the poor prognosis group increased,and the good prognosis group was larger than the poor prognosis group(P＜0.05);The serum AFP level in the good prognosis group was decreased,and the level in the poor prognosis group was increased(P＜0.05);The cross-sectional area of microwave ablation foci,serum AFP and AUC values of combined detection were 0.760,0.740 and 0.833,respectively.The cross-sectional area of microwave ablation and serum AFP were positively and negatively correlated with survival(P＜0.05).Conclusion Contrast-enhanced ultrasound combined with serum AFP has a good predictive value in the efficacy of primary liver cancer.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)is one of the major chronic complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),and sex steroid hormones are common risk factors for the occurrence of T2DM and BPH.The profiles of sex steroid hormones are simultaneously quantified by LC-MS/MS in the clinical serum of patients,including simple BPH patients,newly diagnosed T2DM patients,T2DM complicated with BPH patients and matched healthy individuals.The G protein-coupled estrogen receptor(GPER)inhibitor G15,GPER knockdown lentivirus,the YAP1 inhibitor verteporfin,YAP1 knockdown/overexpression lentivirus,targeted metabolomics analysis,and Co-IP assays are used to investigate the molecular mechanisms of the disrupted sex steroid hormones homeostasis in the pathological process of T2DM complicated with BPH.The homeostasis of sex steroid hormone is disrupted in the serum of patients,accompanying with the proliferated prostatic epithelial cells(PECs).The sex steroid hormone metabolic profiles of T2DM patients complicated with BPH have the greatest degrees of separation from those of healthy individuals.Elevated 17β-estradiol(E2)is the key contributor to the disrupted sex steroid hormone homeostasis,and is significantly positively related to the clinical characteristics of T2DM patients complicated with BPH.Activating GPER by E2 via Hippo-YAP1 signaling exacerbates high glucose(HG)-induced PECs prolifer-ation through the formation of the YAP1-TEAD4 heterodimer.Knockdown or inhibition of GPER-mediated Hippo-YAP1 signaling suppresses PECs proliferation in HG and E2 co-treated BPH-1 cells.The anti-proliferative effects of verteporfin,an inhibitor of YAP1,are blocked by YAP1 overexpression in HG and E2 co-treated BPH-1 cells.Inactivating E2/GPER/Hippo/YAP1 signaling may be effective at delaying the progression of T2DM complicated with BPH by inhibiting PECs proliferation.