The application of function-preserving pancreatic surgery as a restrictive resection technique is primarily targeted towards benign or those with borderline or low-grade lesions. This approach has been shown to significantly improve both short-term and long-term quality of life outcomes for patients following surgical intervention. In comparison to conventional laparoscopic procedures, robotic surgical systems have demonstrated superior efficacy and precision when employed in pancreas surgeries, and the safety and reliability are widely recognized within the medical community. Nevertheless, there remains a dearth of research investigating the specific appli-cations of robotic-assisted function-preserving pancreatic surgery. Consequently, the authors compre-hensive review the latest progress on robot-assisted function-preserving pancreatic surgery, while highlighting of surgical scope, techniques utilized during these procedures as well as associated prognostic considerations.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the malignant tumors of the digestive system with the highest morbidity and mortality. The vast majority of patients with intermdiate and advanced HCC have low response rates and poor long-term survival to a series of treatments mainly based on transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). In recent years, molecular targeted therapy, immunotherapy and their combination with TACE have developed rapidly. This article reviews the research progress of TACE combined with systemic drug therapy in HCC and looks forward to the future direction of precise treatment of HCC.

Due to advances in surgical techniques, perioperative care, and new immunosuppressive agents, intestinal transplantation has become a valid therapeutic choice for chronic intestinal failure. Intestinal transplantation has been performed most commonly using deceased donation, while less than 2% of which have been from living donation. Living donor intestinal transplantation obtaining a segmental intestinal graft, usually from close relatives. Preliminary results show that acute/chronic rejection rates, postoperative opportunistic infections, and graft versus host disease are significantly reduced after living donor intestinal transplantation, contributing to improved graft and patient survivals. Due to a severe shortage of organ donation, especially in children, living donor intestinal transplantation has increasingly become an important treatment option for patients with chronic intestinal failure in China.

Compared with conventional treatments, oncolytic virotherapy has the advantages of enhanced cytotoxicity, improved targeting, and minimal side effects. However, its efficacy is not as good as expected for the single drug treatment. The purpose of synergistic effect is one of the development directions of existing oncolytic virus therapy. In this paper, through a systematic review of the current preclinical and clinical trials progress of oncolytic virus combination therapy, the combined treatment strategies of oncolytic virus and immune checkpoint inhibitors, chemotherapy, targeted therapy,and cell therapy are reviewed to provide reference for further clinical application.

Due to advances in surgical techniques, perioperative care, and new immunosuppressive agents, intestinal transplantation has become a valid therapeutic choice for chronic intestinal failure. Intestinal transplantation has been performed most commonly using deceased donation, while less than 2% of which have been from living donation. Living donor intestinal transplantation obtaining a segmental intestinal graft, usually from close relatives. Preliminary results show that acute/chronic rejection rates, postoperative opportunistic infections, and graft versus host disease are significantly reduced after living donor intestinal transplantation, contributing to improved graft and patient survivals. Due to a severe shortage of organ donation, especially in children, living donor intestinal transplantation has increasingly become an important treatment option for patients with chronic intestinal failure in China.

Compared with conventional treatments, oncolytic virotherapy has the advantages of enhanced cytotoxicity, improved targeting, and minimal side effects. However, its efficacy is not as good as expected for the single drug treatment. The purpose of synergistic effect is one of the development directions of existing oncolytic virus therapy. In this paper, through a systematic review of the current preclinical and clinical trials progress of oncolytic virus combination therapy, the combined treatment strategies of oncolytic virus and immune checkpoint inhibitors, chemotherapy, targeted therapy,and cell therapy are reviewed to provide reference for further clinical application.

Tumor recurrence after curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is a major challenge to patient survival. Postoperative adjuvant therapy has been proved to be an effective method in tackling tumor recurrence. However,its role in HCC remains unclear. First,there are many differences between Chinese and foreign guidelines in recommendations on adjuvant therapy of HCC. Chinese guidelines have made many recommendations on various modalities of adjuvant therapy of HCC,including anti-viral therapy,transarterial chemoembolization,and herbs. On the contrary,foreign guidelines don′t make any recommendation on adjuvant therapy of HCC,except for anti-viral therapy. Second,clear definition of patients who have a higher risk of tumor recurrence is still unknown. In other words,patients who will benefit from adjuvant therapy is unclear. Although various kinds of adjuvant therapies have been proved to be efficient in preventing tumor recurrence and prolonging patient survival,a standard protocol is still lacking. There are many ongoing clinical trials investigating the value of adjuvant therapy in HCC. Emerging evidences will answer questions on the role of adjuvant therapy and how to perform it.

Tumor recurrence after curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is a major challenge to patient survival. Postoperative adjuvant therapy has been proved to be an effective method in tackling tumor recurrence. However,its role in HCC remains unclear. First,there are many differences between Chinese and foreign guidelines in recommendations on adjuvant therapy of HCC. Chinese guidelines have made many recommendations on various modalities of adjuvant therapy of HCC,including anti-viral therapy,transarterial chemoembolization,and herbs. On the contrary,foreign guidelines don′t make any recommendation on adjuvant therapy of HCC,except for anti-viral therapy. Second,clear definition of patients who have a higher risk of tumor recurrence is still unknown. In other words,patients who will benefit from adjuvant therapy is unclear. Although various kinds of adjuvant therapies have been proved to be efficient in preventing tumor recurrence and prolonging patient survival,a standard protocol is still lacking. There are many ongoing clinical trials investigating the value of adjuvant therapy in HCC. Emerging evidences will answer questions on the role of adjuvant therapy and how to perform it.

Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas (SPN) is a rare pancreatic tumor with low-grade malignancy. Surgical resection is the preferred therapeutic approach for SPN patients, which has favourable prognosis with extremely low incidence of recurrence and metastasis and 5-year survival rate as 95%. With the improvement of radiological and pathological diagnosis, the detection rate of SPN is increasing. However, its pathogenesis is still unclear. Meanwhile, the diagnostic criteria and treatment strategies of SPN require standardization. Herein, the authors review the current status and advances in SPN based on related literature and clinical experience of the authors′ team on treatment of SPN, in order to deepen the knowledge of SPN, improve the ability for the preoperative diagnosis, promote standardized treatment and maximize benefits of the patients.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of programmed death-1 and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitors versus traditional first-line regimens for the treatment of solid tumors.Methods:Databases including PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library were searched for literatures from the date of their establishment to October 2018 with the key words including "PD-1/PD-L1, solid tumors, melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, immunotherapy" . The randomized controlled trial or non randomized controlled trial of high quality about PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and traditional fist-line regimens for the treatment of solid tumors were received and enrolled. Patients underwent PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors immunotherapy were allocated into treatment group, patients underwent traditional first-line regimens treatment were allocated into control group. Two reviewers independently screened literatures, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias. Count data were described as odds ratio ( OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The heterogeneity of the studies included was analyzed using the I2 test. Funnel plot was used to test potential publication bias if the studies included≥5, and no test was needed if the studies included<5. Results:(1) Document retrieval: a total of 11 available randomized clinical trials were included. There were 5 161 patients, including 2 677 in the treatment group and 2 484 in the control group. (2) Results of Meta analysis. ① There was a significant difference in the objective response rate between the treatment group and the control group ( OR=4.49, 95% CI: 3.01-6.68, P<0.05). The bilateral symmetry was presented in the funnel plot based on the 9 studies, suggesting that publication bias had little influence on results of Meta analysis. ② There was no significant difference in the disease control rate between the treatment group and the control group ( OR=1.53, 95% CI: 1.01-2.32, P=0.05). The bilateral symmetry was presented in the funnel plot based on the 9 studies, suggesting that publication bias had little influence on results of Meta analysis. ③ There was a significant difference in disease stability rate between the treatment group and the control group ( OR=0.49, 95% CI: 0.33-0.73, P<0.05). The bilateral symmetry was presented in the funnel plot based on the 9 studies, suggesting that publication bias had little influence on results of Meta analysis. ④ There was no significant difference in disease progression rate between the treatment group and the control group ( OR=0.71, 95% CI: 0.45-1.15, P>0.05). The bilateral symmetry was presented in the funnel plot based on the 9 studies, suggesting that publication bias had little influence on results of Meta analysis. ⑤ There were significant differences in overall incidence of adverse events and incidence of adverse events not less than three levels between the treatment group and the control group ( OR=0.53, 0.54, 95% CI: 0.38-0.74, 0.31-0.93, P<0.05). The bilateral symmetry was presented in the funnel plot based on the 11 studies, suggesting that publication bias had little influence on results of Meta analysis. Conclusion:Compared with traditional first-line regimens treatment, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors immunotherapy can improve the objective response rate and decrease the incidence of adverse events.