ObjectiveTo explore the potential mechanisms of kidney-tonifying and blood-activating acupuncture for Alzheimer's disease. MethodsMale SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into a model group， acupuncture group， non-acupoint group， and donepezi group， with 10 mice in each group， and 10 SAMR1 mice as normal group. The acupuncture group received acupuncture at Baihui （GV 20）， Xuehai （SP 10）， Shenshu （BL 23）， and Geshu （BL 17）. Xuehai （SP 10）， Shenshu （BL 23）， and Geshu （BL 17） were stimulated on the left side first and then on the right side alternately， once a day. The non-acupoint group received acupuncture at fixed bilateral non-meridian， non-acupoint points under the ribs， once a day. The model and normal groups underwent equivalent handling and restraint stress without acupuncture. The donepezi group received 1 mg/kg donepezil via gastric gavage daily. All groups were treated for 4 weeks. After treatment， Morris water maze tests （to record orientation sailing latency， number of traverses through the platform quadrant） and open field （to record distance travelled） were used to evaluate learning and memory abilities； hippocampal neuronal damage was analyzed via HE and Nissl staining； mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species （ROS） were measured using assay kits； Western blot and qRT-PCR were performed to detect silencing information regulator 1 （SIRT1）， peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha （PGC-1α）， and mRNA expression levels. ResultsCompared with the normal group， mice in the model group and non-acupoint group showed elevated orientation sailing latency and relative multiplicity of ROS in hippocampal tissues， and reduced number of traverses through the platform quadrant， distance of movement in the open-field experiment， number of Nissl-staining-positive cells in the hippocampal tissues， mitochondrial membrane potential， and protein levels and mRNA expression of SIRT1， PGC-1α （P＜0.01）； HE staining showed that the hippocampal tissues of the mice was loosely arranged， with reduced number of neurons and vacuolar degeneration； Nissl staining showed that pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal region were not neatly arranged， and the number of Nissl bodies in the cytoplasm was less and the staining was lighter. Compared with the model group， mice in the acupuncture group and donepezil group had lower orientation sailing latency and relative multiplicity of ROS in the hippocampal tissue， higher number of traverses through the platform quadrant， distance of movement in the open-field experiment， number of Nissl-stained positive cells in the hippocampal tissue， mitochondrial membrane potential， and protein levels and mRNA expression of SIRT1 and PGC-1α （P＜0.01）， and HE staining and Nissl staining showed significant improvement in hippocampal histopathological damage. Compared with the donepezil group， the orientation sailing latency shortened in the acupuncture group of mice （P＜0.01）. ConclusionKidney-tonifying and blood-activating acupuncture method can alleviate the SIRT1/PGC-1α signalling pathway in the hippocampal tissue and improve the mitochondrial function， thus alleviating the neuronal damage， which is one of the possible mechanisms for its treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Objective: To examine the casual association between age at first sexual intercourse and gynecologic malignant tumors using Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Methods: The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with age at first sexual intercourse were obtained from a meta-analysis of genome-wide association study (GWAS), and the SNPs related to gynecologic malignant tumors (ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, cervical cancer), and their subtypes were sourced from the IEU OpenGWAS database. Using age at first sexual intercourse as the exposure and gynecologic malignant tumors as the outcome, a MR analysis was performed with the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q test, horizontal pleiotropy was evaluated using MR-Egger regression and MR-PRESSO test, and bias was examined using funnel plots. Results: The Mendelian randomization analysis demonstrated that younger age at first sexual intercourse was significantly associated with an increased risk of low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (OR=0.553, 95%CI: 0.335-0.911), cervical cancer (OR=0.674, 95%CI: 0.466-0.974), endometrial cancer (OR=0.854, 95%CI: 0.730-0.999), and endometrioid carcinoma (OR=0.830, 95%CI: 0.690-0.998). No statistical association was found between the age at first sexual intercourse and ovarian cancer, high-grade serous ovarian cancer, mucinous ovarian cancer, endometrioid ovarian cancer, or non-endometrioid ovarian cancer (all P>0.05). Sensitivity analysis showed no evidence of undetected instrumental variable heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy (all P>0.05), and the funnel plot indicated no presence of bias. Conclusion Younger age at first sexual intercourse may be associated with an increased risk of certain gynecologic malignant tumors, highlighting the need to strengthen adolescent sex education.

AIM: To understand the screening and correction of myopia in children and adolescents from the Gannan region of Gansu Province, and to provide guidance for the prevention and control of myopia.METHODS: A cross-sectional stratified cluster sampling study was conducted to select 2 kindergartens and 12 primary and secondary schools in Hezuo City and Zhouqu County, Gannan region of Gansu Province, two classes were randomly selected from each grade, and the whole class was used as a unit for screening. The screening and correction of myopia in children and adolescents were collected for statistical analysis.RESULTS: A total of 5 072 children and adolescents were selected, and 4 806 valid data were finally included after excluding unqualified records. The overall prevalence of myopia was 45.55%, and the prevalence of myopia showed an increasing trend with the increase of grade(P<0.001). The prevalence of myopia in girls(48.66%)was higher than that in boys(42.18%; P<0.001). The prevalence of myopia increased with age(P<0.001), and the age group of 10-12 years old was the fastest growing for myopia, increasing from 25.62% to 60.57%. Furthermore, moderate myopia and high myopia showed an increasing tread with the increase of the grade(all P<0.001). The overall glasses wearing rate of the Gannan region was 28.55%, with a full correction rate of 50.72%, and the glasses wearing rate showed an increasing trend with the increase of grades(P<0.001). The glasses wearing rate of female students(30.84%)was higher than that of male students(26.69%; P=0.008). The full correction rates of low, moderate and high myopia in junior high were the lowest among the 3 phases of studying. The full correction rate of high myopia was the lowest in all phases of studying.CONCLUSION: The prevalence of myopia in children and adolescents from the Gannan region is lower than the national average, but the myopia of children and adolescents is still a trend of young age and high incidence, and the glasses wearing rate of myopia and full correction rate are low.

Objective To analyze the effect of low-dose methylprednone sodium succinate combined with erythromycin in the treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection with elevated lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)in children.Methods Children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP)complicated with elevated LDH were divided into control group and treatment group by random number table method.The control group was given erythromycin treatment,and the treatment group was given low-dose methylprednisolone sodium succinate combined with erythromycin treatment.Clinical efficacy and clinical symptom disappearance time were recorded in both groups.Pulmonary X-ray signs,immune function[T cell subsets(CD4+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+)],immunoglobulin(Ig)A,IgM and serum LDH were compared between the two groups before and after treatment,and the adverse drug reactions of treatment were observed.Results There were 51 cases in control group and 51 cases in treatment group.The total effective rate in treatment group was 96.00％,which was significantly higher than 81.63％in control group(P＜0.05).The fever abatement times in treatment group and control group were(4.22±0.87)and(5.46±0.98)d;cough disappearance times were(6.31±0.98)and(7.49±1.10)d;disappearance times of pulmonary rales were(7.36±1.14)and(8.61±1.23)d,all with significant difference(all P＜0.05).After treatment,the patchy infiltrating shadow sign rates in treatment group and control group were 2.00％and 16.33％;the bronchial wall thickening sign rates were 4.00％and 18.37％,all with significant difference(all P＜0.05).After treatment,IgA levels in treatment group and control group were(0.55±0.11)and(0.68±0.12)g·L-1;IgM levels were(0.90±0.19)and(1.18±0.21)g·L-1;LDH levels were(229.45±10.30)and(240.18±11.17)U·L-1,all with significant difference(all P＜0.05).The total incidence of adverse drug reactions in treatment group and control group were 6.00％and 4.08％respectively,without significant difference(P＞0.05).Conclusion Erythromycin combined with low-dose methylprednone in systemic treatment of children with MPP and elevated LDH has a significant efficacy,and it can promote the reductions of inflammation and immune disorders and accelerate the disease outcomes,and it is safe and reliable.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of silymarin extract(SME)and its complex preparation on ethanol liver injury.Methods An ethanol liver injury model was established by gavage of 12 mL·kg-1 50％ethanol.Male mice were divided into blank group(distilled water),model group(ethanol liver injury model),SME-L,-H groups(6,20 mg·mL-1 SME),SME+Ganoderma lucidum extract(GLE)-L,-H groups(10,30 mg·mL-1 SME+GLE,SME∶GLE=1∶1),Jian An Shi Silymarin Pueraria Mirifica and Tansy tablets(JAS)-L,-H groups(68,204 mg·mL-1 JAS),there were 12 mice in each group.The serum levels of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase(GOT)in mice were measured by fully automated biochemical analyzer assay;the serum levels of interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)in mice were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELASA);the hepatic tissue of oxidative stress indexes[catalase(CAT)and total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)]were measured by ultraviolet spectrophotometer.Results The T-SOD activity in the blank group,model group,SME-L,SME-H,SME+GLE-L,SME+GLE-H,JAS-L and JAS-H groups were(192.54±49.00),(141.65±34.72),(205.83±32.77),(191.68±25.83),(192.31±28.79),(177.82±32.61),(218.58±74.80)and(210.24±31.65)U·mg·prot-1;CAT activity were(37.78±5.73),(28.92±8.44),(44.12±11.52),(41.41±9.15),(47.01±10.48),(41.63±8.95),(47.14±8.91)and(48.29±10.06)U·mg-1;GPT levels were(47.61±13.00),(97.84±26.00),(62.33±18.92),(51.84±17.91),(70.77±28.00),(58.00±21.27),(52.28±18.78)and(45.55±9.27)U·L-1;IL-6 levels were(21.03±1.52),(28.43±5.75),(21.90±3.24),(21.23±1.55),(22.26±2.58),(21.24±2.91),(22.17±4.14)and(21.14±3.02)pg·mL-1.Comparing the above indexes in the model group with the blank group,and comparing the above indexes in the SME-L,SME-H,SME+GLE-L,SME+GLE-H,JAS-L,JAS-H groups with the model group,the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.01).The TNF-α levels in blank,model,SME-L,SME-H,SME+GLE-L,SME+GLE-H,JAS-L and JAS-H groups were were(28.07±7.72),(69.02±16.34),(40.29±8.94),(48.84±10.17),(41.91±14.96),(40.07±12.75),(50.72±11.44)and(45.05±11.34)pg·mL-1.Comparing the model group with the blank group,the SME,SME+GLE-L,-M and JAS,-M groups with the model group,the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.01).Conclusion Silybum marianum extract and its compound preparation can increase the antioxidant level and reduce the inflammation of mouse liver,and have a certain improvement effect on liver injury caused by acute ethanol poisoning.

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect of stage Ⅰ comprehensive cardiac rehabili-tation in patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)after emergency percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods A total of 72 patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction combined with PCI admitted to the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine of Beijing Electric Power Hospital of State Grid Corporation from June 2021 to June 2022,which were selected as the research objectsand divided into control group and observation group randomly(36 cases in each group).The control group was treated with routine nursing and health education,and the observation group with stage Ⅰ comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation,including initial assessment(cardiovascular comprehensive assessment),exercise training(exercise training and breathing train-ing),daily activity suggestions and health education,discharge assessment(six-minute walking test and Barthel index assessment).The score of Barthel index(BI)at discharge,the 6-minute walking test distance(6MWD)at discharge,the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular event(MACE)during hospitalization and within one month of discharge,and the length of stay were compared between the two groups.Results After intervention,the six-minute walking test distance(6MWD)and Barthel index(BI)score in the observation group were better than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)during hospitalization and one month after discharge was lower in the observation group than in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The length of hospital-ization in observation group was lower than that in control groupbut there was no statistical difference(P>0.05).Conclusion The application of phase Ⅰ comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation training in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction combined with emergency PCI could improve the patients'exercise ability,improve their ability of daily activity,reduce the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)in the early stage of the disease,facilitate the patients to return to their families and society as soon as possible,and improve their quality of life.It has high clinical application value.

Objective: To analyze the impact of parental sports concept and behavior on physical activity in preschool children, so as to provide a foundation for future guidance on fostering childrens physical activity within the family context. Methods: From November to December 2020, a clustered convenience sampling method was employed to conduct surveys, and a total of 283 children were selectal from one kindergarten each in Beijing, Shenyang, and Xian. Participating children wore ActiGraph GT9X accelerometers continuously for one week to collect data on different intensity levels of physical activity. Physical Activity afterschool Questionnaire for Preschooler (P-PAQ) was utilized to assess parental sports concept and behavior. The gender differences in physical activity level and physical activity compliance rate were analyzed by using ttest, Mann-Whitney U test, and Chisquare test; and the relationship between parental exercise concepts and behaviors and physical activity of preschool children was analyzed using Spearman rank correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: Parental sports concept was significantly positively correlated with average daily moderatetovigorous physical activity (MVPA) and total physical activity (TPA) in children (r=0.12-0.16, P<0.05). Parental sports behavior was significantly positively correlated with childrens average daily TPA (r=0.25, P<0.05). Multiple linear regression revealed that parental sports concept was positively correlated with average daily MVPA and TPA in both boys and girls (B=0.65-0.83), while parental sports behavior only was positively correlated with boys average daily MVPA and TPA (B=0.24-0.25)(P<0.05). Conclusions Parental sports concept and behavior can impact physical activity levels in preschool children, exhibiting gender differences. Future guidance on physical activity in family upbringing should consider both parental sports concept and behavior, and pay attention to the influence of childrens gender.

Objective To explore the feasibility and effectiveness of Commando procedure for mechanical valve dysfunction requiring reoperation. Methods The clinical data of patients who received Commando surgery (aortic/mitral curtain enlargement+valve replacement surgery) in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of Gaozhou People's Hospital from December 2021 to September 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. These patients who had undergone mechanical mitral or aortic valve replacement and then had mechanical valve dysfunction with mitral or aortic valve lesions requiring repeat combined valve replacement surgery were selected. Results Eleven patients were enrolled, including 2 males and 9 females, aged 63.63±11.64 years. All 11 patients successfully underwent the Commando operation, and were implanted with suitable artificial valves, among which the aortic valve size was 27.00±2.00 mm, and the mitral valve size was 27.72±3.13 mm. Cardiopulmonary bypass time was 195.81±39.29 min, aortic cross-clamping time was 121.81±28.60 min, mechanical ventilation time was 15.09±3.72 h, ICU stay time was 3.09±0.70 days, and total postoperative thoracic drainage volume was 417.18±68.65 mL. There was no perioperative death. Conclusion Commando procedure is a safe and effective method to perform combined valve operation for mechanical valve dysfunction. A larger artificial valve can be implanted during the procedure to obtain sound hemodynamic effects. In addition, for elderly patients, a suitable type of bioprosthetic valve can be implanted to improve the patient's quality of life. The early surgical effect is satisfactory, and the long-term impact needs further follow-up.

Objective To analyze the literature on artificial intelligence in forensic research from 2012 to 2022 in the Web of Science Core Collection Database,to explore research hotspots and developmen-tal trends.Methods A total of 736 articles on artificial intelligence in forensic medicine in the Web of Science Core Collection Database from 2012 to 2022 were visualized and analyzed through the litera-ture measuring tool CiteSpace.The authors,institution,country(region),title,journal,keywords,cited references and other information of relevant literatures were analyzed.Results A total of 736 articles published in 220 journals by 355 authors from 289 institutions in 69 countries(regions)were identi-fied,with the number of articles published showing an increasing trend year by year.Among them,the United States had the highest number of publications and China ranked the second.Academy of Forensic Science had the highest number of publications among the institutions.Forensic Science Inter-national,Journal of Forensic Sciences,International Journal of Legal Medicine ranked high in publica-tion and citation frequency.Through the analysis of keywords,it was found that the research hotspots of artificial intelligence in the forensic field mainly focused on the use of artificial intelligence technol-ogy for sex and age estimation,cause of death analysis,postmortem interval estimation,individual identification and so on.Conclusion It is necessary to pay attention to international and institutional cooperation and to strengthen the cross-disciplinary research.Exploring the combination of advanced ar-tificial intelligence technologies with forensic research will be a hotspot and direction for future re-search.

Objective To investigate the effect of dynamic monitoring of occlusal force on the final therapeutic effect and the change of periodontal supporting tissue during combined periodontal orthodontic treatment.Methods The periodontal clinical index of 20 patients with traditional periodontal orthodontic treatment and 20 patients with combined periodontal orthodontic treatment assisted by T-Scan Ⅲ and Anycheck digital occlusion analysis system were compared before,during and after treatment,as well as the changes of bite force,bite time and tooth mobility in the experimental group.Results The depth of periodontal pocket(PD),loss of attachment(AL),bleeding index(BI)and tooth looseness were significantly reduced after combined periodontal orthodontic treatment in both groups.In the control group,the percentage of anterior and posterior biting force changed obviously,and the occlusion force balance was improved.Conclusion The combined treatment of periodontitis and orthodontics can improve the periodontal tissue of patients with periodontitis,and T-Scan system can observe and guide the adjustment of occlusal and better achieve occlusion force balance.