Background and aims:Kehuang(KH)capsule is an herbal medical product approved for the treatment of liver diseases,including liver injury,in China.However,the mechanism is still unclear.This study aimed to elucidate the protective effects of KH capsule against carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)-induced acute liver injury(ALI)in a murine model.Methods:Mice were randomly divided into control,model(CCl4),CCl4+KH_Low and CCl4+KH_High group.Liver enzyme levels and histological changes were assessed to evaluate liver injury.Oxidative stress markers and inflammatory cell infiltration in liver tissues were measured.Additionally,network pharmacology was employed to explore the potential mechanisms of KH capsule.Results:KH capsule significantly reduced serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate amino-transferase(AST)levels,as well as the necrotic area in liver tissue.KH capsule also decreased the infil-tration of macrophages and neutrophils,thereby inhibiting the expression of interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),and interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β).Furthermore,KH capsule decreased liver malondialdehyde(MDA)levels and increased superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity.The number of ter-minal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling(TUNEL)-positive cells in liver tissue was also reduced.The expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2(Nrf2)and heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)proteins was significantly elevated,while the protein expression of cyto-chrome P450 2E1(CYP2E1)was significantly reduced.Mass spectrometry identified genistein,galangin,wogonin,skullcapflavone Ⅱ,and hispidulin as potential active ingredients of KH capsule.Network pharmacology analysis revealed enrichment in the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)-protein kinase B(AKT)signaling pathways.Western blot analysis confirmed that KH capsule suppressed AKT,extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK),and p38 signaling.Conclusions:These findings suggest that KH capsule could exert protective effects against CCl4-induced ALI,with the inhibition of MAPK and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways playing a crucial role in its mecha-nism of action.

Objective To explore the repair of the open compound wounds in lower extremities caused by multiple factors. Methotis Transplantation of cutaneous.musculo-cutaneous or greater omentum flaps were applied to 155 patients of open compound lower extremity wounds. Results The wound healing rate following first operation was 50% and that following two operations was 14.8%.While the wounds were healed in 7.7% of patients after three operations. Conclusion Transplantations of cutaneous,musculo-cutaneous or greater omentum flaps ale effective to repair and reconstruct the open compound lower extremity wounds.

To explore the preparation method of liposome-mediated 99m-technetium-labeled antisense oligonucleotides of c-myc mRNA and lay foundations for antisense imaging and treatment, antisense oligonucleotides (DNA) with 15 bases and di-functional chelate, hydrazino nicotinamide derivatives, were synthesized. After DNA combined with chelate, they were labeled with 99m-technetium to form compounds, 99mTc-chelate-DNA (99mTc-DNA), and were purified through Sep-Pak reverse column(C18, Waters) by using methanol and water as eluent. The leaching curve was made; the labeling efficiency was calculated. The products were then encapsulated with cation liposome to form liposome-mediated 99mTc-DNA. The radiochemical purity and stability of the liposome-mediated 99mTc-DNA were tested through strip chromatography. The labeling efficiency was 63.37% +/- 3.51% at the radioactive concentration of 1480 MBq, 62.52% +/- 3.69% at that of 740 MBq, 59.82% +/- 5.12% at that of 592 MBq. There were no significant differences between these labeling efficiencies. The radiochemical purity was 96.47% +/- 3.01%. The liposome-mediated radiolabeled antisense oligonucleotides were stable after incubation with water or serum. Therefore liposome-mediated radiolabeled antisense oligonucleotides could be obtained through hydrazino nicotinamide derivatives as di-functional chelate and liposome as vector.
DNA, Antisense ; chemical synthesis ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Drug Stability ; Isotope Labeling ; methods ; Liposomes ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Technetium