Objective:To test the reliability and validity of the general procrastination scale (GPS) in the application of middle school students.Methods:The Chinese version of GPS, the irrational procrastination scale(IPS), and the Maslach burnout inventory(MBI) were utilized to survey 10 825 middle school students in Harbin City through stratified random sampling, and 4 498 students were retested after 4 weeks. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 27.0 and Mplus 8.0.Results:The entries were well differentiated.Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis indicated that GPS was composed of two factors, including active avoidance and lack of planning.The model fit was good (CFI=0.914, TLI=0.901, RMSEA=0.069, SRMR=0.072). GPS was positively correlated with the total scores of IPS and MBI ( r=0.753, 0.677, both P<0.001). The Cronbach's α coefficient of GPS was 0.864, the folded half reliability was 0.870, and the retest reliability after 4 weeks was 0.756. Conclusion:The GPS has good reliability and validity among middle school students, which provides a standard for measuring the procrastination level of middle school students and carrying out related research.

Objective To study the relationship between serum neuron-specific enolase(NSE)and clinical features of pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma(PPGL).Methods Totally 501 PPGL patients diagnosed from January 2019 to December 2022 were divided into normal NSE group(NSE≤16.3 ng/mL)and elevated NSE group(NSE＞16.3 ng/mL).The clinical characteristics were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with normal NSE group,patients in the elevated NSE group had larger diameter in primary tumor(5.00 cm vs.4.60 cm),higher 24-hour urinary norepinephrine(NE)and 24-hour urinary dopamine(DA)levels,and a higher rate of metasta-sis(31.6%vs.13.7%)(P＜0.05).NSE level was positively correlated with the primary tumor size(r=0.131,P＜0.05),24-hour urinary NE level(r=0.195,P＜0.05)and 24-hour urinary DA level(r=0.119,P＜0.05).Conclusions The level of NSE is related to tumor size,secretion function and metastasis in PPGL patients.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) has become an increasingly serious public health issue, characterized by high incidence and high disability rates. It often coexists with other mental health problems and physical diseases, with a significant negative impact on patients' quality of life. In clinical practice, MDD is considered a heterogeneous disease. The complexity of the pathological mechanisms and the variability in treatment responses lead to a lack of clear therapeutic targets, which complicates the treatment process. In recent years, with advancements in neuroscience, the crucial role of microglia in the pathogenesis of MDD has been revealed. As the main immune cells in the brain, microglia are not only involved in the regulation of neuroinflammation but also play important roles in neurogenesis and neuronal regulation in MDD. This article mainly discusses the role of microglia in the pathophysiological mechanisms of MDD, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for microglia as a potential target for the treatment of MDD.

Objective To observe the effect of Shoutai Pills on endometrial decidualization of mice with recurrent spontaneous abortion(RSA);To explore its possible mechanism in the treatment of RSA based on histone modification.Methods Totally 40 female CBA/J mice were divided into normal group,model group,Shoutai Pills low-dosage group(7.5 g/kg),Shoutai Pills high-dosage group(15 g/kg)and dydrogesterone group(3 mg/kg).The normal group were co housed with BALB/C male mice,while the other groups were co housed with DBA/2 male mice to establish an RSA mouse model.After modeling,the administration groups were given corresponding medication solution by gavage,while the normal group and model group were given equal volume of pure water by gavage for 10 consecutive days.The embryo condition was observed and the embryo loss rate was calculated,ELISA was used to detect serum prolactin(PRL)content,HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes of decidual tissue,RT-PCR was used to detect PRL mRNA expression in decidual tissue,Western blot was used to detect the protein expressions of H4ac,H3K27ac,H3K27me3.Results Compared with the normal group,the model group mice showed a significant increase in embryo loss rate,a significant decrease in serum PRL content,disordered arrangement of decidual cells,and extensive bleeding and necrosis;the expression of PRL mRNA and protein in decidual tissue significantly decreased,the protein expressions of H4ac and H3K27ac significantly decreased,while the expression of H3K27me3 protein significantly increased,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the embryo loss rate of Shoutai Pills low-and high-dosage groups and the dexamethasone group significantly decreased,the serum PRL content significantly increased,tightly arranged decidual cells,reduced necrosis,and intact glands;the expression of PRL mRNA and protein in decidual tissue of mice in Shoutai Pills high-dosage group and the dexamethasone group significantly increased,the protein expressions of H4ac and H3K27ac significantly increased,the expression of H3K27me3 protein significantly decreased,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion Shoutai Pills can promote endometrial decidualization in RSA mice,which is related to the changes of histone modification in endometrial stromal cells.

Objective To rapidly visualize and detect the extracellular vesicles of glial cells in a simulated space environment.Methods By using 2,5 Gy irradiation and 12,24 h microgravity treatment,a damage model of glial cells was established in a simulated space environment.Exosomes extracted from conditioned media with reagent kits were transferred to neurons to elucidate the impact of glial cells on neurons.By performing live-cell fluorescence labeling of exosomes,a visualization monitoring scheme based on fluorescence intensity analysis was developed to characterize the release patterns of extracellular vesicles.The release patterns of exosomes were represented by the fluorescence intensity of the conditioned media.The effects of different storage conditions and duration on the quantity and size of exosomes were investigated.Results The exosomes released from damaged glial cells in the simulated space environment could to some extent protect neurons,with exosomes playing a decisive role in this process,and the neurosystem exosome visualization detection scheme was consistent with the traditional exosome validation scheme.An empirical curve for exosome quantity and size was established for semi-quantitative analysis,providing a new approach for rapid detection of exosomes in cell culture media.Furthermore,the optimal storage conditions for culture medium samples were clarified,laying the foundation for ground/space-based online analysis of culture medium samples after spaceflight.Conclusion Exosome rapid detection and analysis can be achieved through fluorescence labeling and utilized to investigate glial cell injury in a simulated space environment.

Objective:To compare the policies and literature on scope of nurse practice in various countries, so as to provide reference for optimizing the expansion of scope of nurse practice in China.Methods:Literature on nurse practice was systematically searched on PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, and nursing policy organization websites in various countries. The search period was from database establishment to June 2023.Results:A total of 19 articles from six countries were included. There were elements such as registration types and requirements, practice methods, prescription authority, supervision departments, and relevant laws. The inspiration for the hierarchical management of nurses in China mainly included four aspects: improving the hierarchical registration and management system, clarifying the job responsibilities of nurses; guiding the reasonable flow of nursing talents, encouraging multi-site practice in nurses; cultivating nurses' prescription ability and granting them prescription authority; improving supervision and legal protection to ensure that nurses practiced in accordance with the law.Conclusions:It is urgent to expand the practice scope of the nursing team in our country, supplement grassroots medical and health talents, undertake the functions of case management for chronic patients, improve the quality of life of patients, and meet the important task of community and family nursing needs.

Objective:To explore the impact of parenting style on social anxiety among college students, and examine the mediating effect of core self-evaluation.Methods:From November 2022 to January 2023, a total of 1 126 college students in Harbin were taken as research subjects.Interaction anxiousness scale(IAS), short-egna minnen betraffende upfostran-Chinese(s-EMBU-C) and core self-evaluations scale(CSES) were used for analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software for correlation analysis and analysis of variance.AMOS 27.0 software was used for mediation effect test.Results:Social anxiety (42.31±8.23) was negatively correlated with positive parenting style (5.44±1.45) ( r=-0.072, P<0.05) and core self-evaluation (32.12±6.01) ( r=-0.350, P<0.01), while positively correlated with negative parenting style (7.40±1.74)( r=0.302, P<0.01). Core self-evaluation was positively correlated with positive parenting style ( r=0.362, P<0.01) and negatively correlated with negative parenting style ( r=-0.346, P<0.01).Parent parenting styles had a significant mean direct effect on social anxiety of college students ( βpositive=0.098, βnegtive=0.222).Mediation analyses indicated that core self-evaluation played a masking role between positive parenting styles and social anxiety, with an absolute value of 90.82% for the ratio of indirect(-0.089) to direct effects(0.098).Core self-evaluation had partial mediating effect on negative parenting styles, with direct effect and indirect effect accounting for 73.03% and 26.97% of the total effect, respectively. Conclusion:Parenting style can either directly affect college students' social anxiety or indirectly through the mediating effect of core self-evaluations, with core self-evaluations playing a masking role in the positive parenting styles pathway.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of automated peritoneal dialysis(APD)in urgent-start peritoneal dialysis patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease(CKD).Methods A total of 60 patients with end-stage renal disease who underwent urgent-start peritoneal dialysis in Shenyang Red Cross Hospital from June 2021 to December 2023 were selected as study objects.According to peritoneal dialysis,patients were divided into APD group and intermittent peritoneal dialysis(IPD)group,with 30 patients in each group.Renal function,electrolyte,parathyroid hormone,inflammatory factors,nutritional indexes,brain natriuretic peptide,blood pressure,urine volume,ultrafiltration volume and adverse reactions were compared between two groups.Results After treatment,serum creatinine,urea nitrogen,uric acid,potassium,phosphorus,parathyroid hormone,C-reactive protein,interleukin-6,brain natriuretic peptide,systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in two groups were significantly lower than before treatment,and urine volume was significantly higher than before treatment(P＜0.05).Serum creatinine,urea nitrogen,uric acid,potassium,phosphorus,parathyroid hormone,C-reactive protein,interleukin-6,brain natriuretic peptide,systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in APD group were significantly lower than those in IPD group,and ultrafiltration volume in APD group was significantly higher than that in IPD group(P＜0.05).After treatment,there was no significant difference in urine volume between two groups(P＜0.05).No serious complications and death were observed during treatment.Conclusion APD is safe and effective,and is a good choice for urgent-start peritoneal dialysis in stage 5 CKD patients.

BACKGROUND: LY01005 (Goserelin acetate sustained-release microsphere injection) is a modified gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist injected monthly. This phase III trial study aimed to evaluated the efficacy and safety of LY01005 in Chinese patients with prostate cancer. METHODS: We conducted a randomized controlled, open-label, non-inferiority trial across 49 sites in China. This study included 290 patients with prostate cancer who received either LY01005 or goserelin implants every 28 days for three injections. The primary efficacy endpoints were the percentage of patients with testosterone suppression ≤50 ng/dL at day 29 and the cumulative probability of testosterone ≤50 ng/dL from day 29 to 85. Non-inferiority was prespecified at a margin of -10%. Secondary endpoints included significant castration (≤20 ng/dL), testosterone surge within 72 h following repeated dosing, and changes in luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and prostate specific antigen levels. RESULTS: On day 29, in the LY01005 and goserelin implant groups, testosterone concentrations fell below medical-castration levels in 99.3% (142/143) and 100% (140/140) of patients, respectively, with a difference of -0.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], -3.9% to 2.0%) between the two groups. The cumulative probabilities of maintaining castration from days 29 to 85 were 99.3% and 97.8%, respectively, with a between-group difference of 1.5% (95% CI, -1.3% to 4.4%). Both results met the criterion for non-inferiority. Secondary endpoints were similar between groups. Both treatments were well-tolerated. LY01005 was associated with fewer injection-site reactions than the goserelin implant (0% vs . 1.4% [2/145]). CONCLUSION: LY01005 is as effective as goserelin implants in reducing testosterone to castration levels, with a similar safety profile. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04563936.
Humans ; Male ; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use* ; East Asian People ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/agonists* ; Goserelin/therapeutic use* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Testosterone

Galactinol synthase (GolS) genes play important roles in plant response to abiotic stress. In this research, the plant expression vector of soybean GmGolS2-2 gene was constructed and transformed into tobacco to study the drought tolerance of transgenic tobacco. A GmGolS2-2 gene with 975 bp coding sequence was cloned from soybean leaves by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). GmGolS2-2 was linked to the plant expression vector pRI101 by restriction enzyme sites Nde Ⅰ and EcoR Ⅰ, and transformed into tobacco by leaf disc method. Genomic DNA PCR and real-time PCR showed that three GmGolS2-2 transgenic tobacco plants were obtained. The growth status of GmGolS2-2 transgenic tobacco under drought stress was better than that of wild-type tobacco. After drought stress treatment, the electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde content of transgenic tobacco were lower than those of wild-type tobacco, but the proline content and soluble sugar content were higher than those of wild-type tobacco. The results of real-time PCR showed that the heterologous expression of GmGolS2-2 increased the expression of stress-related genes NtERD10C and NtAQP1 in transgenic tobacco. The above results indicated that GmGolS2-2 improved drought resistance of transgenic tobacco.
Drought Resistance ; Tobacco/genetics* ; Soybeans/genetics* ; Plant Proteins/metabolism* ; Plants, Genetically Modified/genetics* ; Stress, Physiological/genetics* ; Droughts ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant