Hepatitis E is an acute and self-limiting viral hepatitis caused by the hepatitis E virus (HEV). It has a higher mortality rate among immunosuppressed patients and pregnant women infected with HEV. Although HEV infections in humans are mostly caused by contaminated water or food worldwide, the incidence of transfusion-transmitted hepatitis E is continuously rising. Additionally, the prevalence of serum anti-HEV IgG in the blood donors in China is at a relatively high level, making it worth considering screening blood donors for HEV. This article briefly reviews the globally reported cases of transfusion-transmitted hepatitis E and the HEV screening strategies for blood donations.

Objective To discuss the factors associated with residual shunt occurring after closure surgery of patent foramen ovale(PFO,and to analyze the relationship between the residual shunt and the relief degree of migraine.Methods A total of 210 patients with PFO,who received closure surgery of PFO due to the occurrence of premonitory migraine at the Jining Municipal First People's Hospital of China from January 2020 to December 2022,were collected.The clinical data,visual analogue scale(VAS)score,and headache impact test-6 questionnaire(HIT-6)score of patients having postoperative residual shunt and patients having no postoperative residual shunt were analyzed.Results A total of 172 patients had no postoperative residual shunt(no-shunt group),and 38 patients had postoperative residual shunt(shunt group).The preoperative PFO width in the shunt group was(1.72±0.34)mm,which was obviously larger than(1.42±0.31)mm in the no-shunt group(P＜0.05).The proportion of patients with right-to-left shunt grades Ⅰ-Ⅱ in resting state in the shunt group was 94.74％,which was higher than 65.21％in the no-shunt group(P＜0.05).No statistically significant differences in gender,age,body mass index(BMI),diabetes,hypertension,hyperlipemia,operation time and occluder type existed between the two groups(P＞0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative PFO width and the grade of right-to-left shunt in resting state were the influencing factors for the occurrence of residual shunt(P＜0.05).Based on this model,a column chart model for predicting residual shunt was established,and its predicted area under the ROC curve was 0.882(95％CI:0.731-0.944),the sensitivity was 82.50％,and specificity was 81.00％.The postoperative 12-month VAS score and HIT-6 score in the shunt group were(1.87±0.29)points and(56.02±9.08)points respectively,which were remarkably higher than those in the no-shunt group(P＜0.05).The improvement rates of VAS score and HIT-6 score in the shunt group were(72.59±9.17)％and(22.43±8.11)％respectively,which was lower than those in the no-shunt group(P＜0.05).The postoperative 12-month VAS score and HIT-6 score in the patients having severe residual shunt were(2.21±0.41)points and(61.38±8.45)points respectively,which were higher than those in the patients having mild residual shunt(P＜0.05).The residual shunt volume was negatively correlated with the improvement rates of VAS score and HIT-6 score(r=-0.546 and r=-0.738 respectively,both P＜0.05).Conclusion Residual shunt volume is negatively associated with the relief degree of migraine in patients after receiving closure surgery of PFO due to the occurrence of premonitory migraine.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of a wearable flexible patch ECG instrument in arrhythmia,the alarm situation during clinical application,patient satisfaction and safety.Methods A total of 1 443 subjects wore flexible patch ECG and conventional dynamic ECG(control)for 24 h to test the validity and consistency of arrhythmia diagnosis,and counted the alarm of remote ECG and the occurrence of related adverse events during the wearing of the instrument.Results There were 987 cases of arrhythmia detected by flexible patch ECG and 992 cases by conventional dynamic ECG.The total coincidence rate of arrhythmia diagnosis was 98.7%.The mean heart rate was measured by flexible patch ECG(75.4±11.4)times/min,conventional dynamic heart rate(71.5±12.1)times/min,the intra-group correlation coefficient(ICC)of 2 instruments was 0.892(95%CI:0.537-0.956),with good repeatability.The correct alarm rate of flexible patch ECG was 100%.The incidences of skin pruritus(0.28%vs.1.32%),skin allergy,redness and swelling(0.14%vs.0.69%)and electrode strip shedding(0 vs.0.28%)during wearing the flexible patch electrocardiogram were lower than those of the conventional holter electrocardiogram(P＜0.05).Conclusion The flexible patch ECG has few adverse reactions,high comfort,good safety and clinical applicability.

Objective To observe the effect of X-ray-guided placement of intestinal obstruction tube for treating malignant bowel obstruction(MBO)caused by gynecological malignant tumors.Methods Data of 60 patients with intestinal MBO after surgical operations of malignant gynecological tumors,including 30 cases underwent X-ray-guided intestinal obstruction tube placement(group A)and 30 cases underwent traditional nasogastric tube placement(group B),all followed by continuous gastrointestinal decompression were retrospectively analyzed.The remission of MBO symptoms,time of exhaust and defecation,so as diet recovery after treatment were compared between groups.The mean drainage volume within 24 h,tube retention time and treatment-related complications were recorded,and the survival of patients within 1 year after treatment were followed up.Results All 60 patients were successfully catheterized.The time of exhaust and defecation,oral feeding and tube retention time after catheterization in group A were shorter than those in group B(all P＜0.05),while the mean drainage volume within 24 h in group A was larger than that in group B(P＜0.05).No significant difference of relief rate of intestinal obstruction symptoms was found between groups(P=0.472).Minor nasal bleeding occurred in 8 cases,and oropharyngeal discomfort occurred in 4 cases in group A,while each in 5 cases in group B,all relieved without special treatments.No significant difference of treatment-related complication was observed between groups(P=0.361).One year after treatments,28 cases were followed up and 2 cases were lost in both groups,and no significant difference of survival rate was detected between group A(7/28,25.00%)and group B(5/28,17.86%)(P=0.745).Conclusion X-ray-guided placement of intestinal obstruction tube was safe and effective for treating MBO caused by malignant gynecological tumor.

Chylothorax is one of the complications of surgery and lymphatic diseases. The incidence rate of chylothorax has been increasing in recent years. X-ray-guided interventional therapy is a new method for treating chylothorax, and its curative effect is no less than the traditional surgical treatment. Based on discussing the aetiology and diagnosis of chylothorax, this paper briefly summarizes the application progress of X-ray-guided interventional therapy for chylothorax to provide further reference and a basis for clinical practice.

Guided bone regeneration (GBR) uses resorbable and non-resorbable membranes as biological barriers. This study compared the differences in hard tissue stability between GBR using evidence-based digital titanium mesh and resorbable collagen membranes during implant placement. A total of 40 patients (65 implant sites) were enrolled and divided into two groups: resorbable membrane and digital titanium mesh groups. The alveolar bone was analyzed at two- and three-dimensional levels using cone-beam computed tomography and by reconstructing and superimposing the hard tissues at four time points: preoperatively, postoperatively, before second-stage surgery, and 1 year after loading. The use of digital titanium mesh showed less alveolar bone resorption in vertical and horizontal directions two-dimensionally before the second-stage surgery and 1 year after loading. Regarding volumetric stability, the percentage of resorption after 6 months of healing with resorbable membrane coverage reached 37.5%. However, it was only 23.4% with titanium mesh. Although postoperative bone volume was greater at all labial sites with resorbable membrane than with digital titanium mesh, after substantial bone resorption within 1 year of loading, the labial bone thickness at the upper part of implants was thinner with resorbable membrane than with digital titanium mesh. Furthermore, digital titanium meshes made according to ideal bone arch contour reduced soft tissue irritation, and the exposure rate was only 10%. Therefore, although both resorbable membrane and digital titanium mesh in GBR were able to successfully reconstruct the bone defect, digital titanium meshes were better at maintaining the hard tissue volume in the osteogenic space.
Bone Regeneration ; Bone Resorption ; Humans ; Osteogenesis ; Surgical Mesh ; Titanium

Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is an effective and simple method for bone augmentation, which is often used to reconstruct the alveolar ridge when the bone defect occurs in the implant area. Titanium mesh has expanded the indications of GBR technology due to its excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility, so that the GBR technology can be used to repair alveolar ridges with larger bone defects, and can obtain excellent and stable bone augmentation results. Currently, GBR with titanium mesh has various clinical applications, including different clinical procedures. Bone graft materials, titanium mesh covering methods, and titanium mesh fixing methods are also optional. Moreover, the research of GBR with titanium mesh has led to multifarious progresses in digitalization and material modification. This article reviews the properties of titanium mesh and the difference of titanium mesh with other barrier membranes; the current clinical application of titanium mesh in bone augmentation; common complications and management and prevention methods in the application of titanium mesh; and research progress of titanium mesh in digitization and material modification. Hoping to provide a reference for further improvement of titanium mesh in clinical application and related research of titanium mesh.
Alveolar Ridge Augmentation ; Bone Regeneration ; Bone Transplantation ; Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Surgical Mesh ; Titanium

Objective: To study the miR-28-3p expression in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) tissues and cell lines, and explore its effect on the malignant biological behaviors of MDA-MB-468 cells. Methods： ：Tumor tissues and matched para-cancerous tissues were collected from 83 TNBC patients, who underwent tumor resection and pathological confirmation in the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University between Jan. 2013 and Jan. 2014. TNBC cell lines (MDA-MB-468, HCC-1937, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB436, MDA-MB-453) and human normal breast epithelial cell line MCF10A were also used in this study. qPCR was used to detect the expression of miR-28-3p in above mentioned tissues and cell lines. The correlation between miR-28-3p expression and clinical parameters was analyzed.After transfection with miR-28-3p inhibitor, the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration ability of MDA-MB468 cells were detected with CCK-8, Flow cytometry, Transwell and Wound-healing experiment, respectively. And Western blotting was used to examine the protein expression of bridging integrator-1 (BIN1) in MDA-MB-468 cells. Bioinformatics BIN1 tool waere used to predict the target gene of miR-28-3p. Luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to validate the regulatory effect of miR-28-3p on BIN1. Results: The expression of miR-28-3p in TNBC tissues and cell lines was higher than that in matched paracancerous tissues and MCF10Acells (all P<0.01), respectively.Among the total 83 TNBC tissues, 56 (67.47%) showed high miR-28-3p expression. High expressionofmiR-28-3pwascloselycorrelated with the Ki-67 expression, tumor size and TNM stage (all P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with miR-NC group, transfection of miR-28-3p inhibitor significantly decreased the proliferation, invasion and migration of MDA-MB-468 cells while increased the apoptosis rate (all P<0.05 or P<0.01). Luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that BIN1 was a target gene of miR-28-3p, and miR-28-3p inhibitor could up-regulate BIN1 expression in MDA-MB-468 cells (P<0.05). Conclusion: miR-28-3p is highly expressed in TNBC tissues and cell lines. miR-28-3p inhibitor up-regulates the expression of BIN1 to inhibit the proliferation, invasion and migration ability while promote the apoptosis of MDA-MB-468 cells.

Objective To investigate the influence of isoquercitrin on the inflammatory factors in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells.Methods MTT method was used to detect inhibition ratio of RAW264.7 cells induced by isoquercitrin.The level of TNF-α in culture medium was measured by ELISA.Nitric oxide (NO) was detected by Nitrate Assay Kit.Western blotting was used to investigate the influence on the productions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).Results The half inhibitory concentration (IC50) of isoquercitrin was 65.73 μmol·L-1.LPS had no inhibitory effect on the cells.Compared with LPS group,the level of TNF-α was decreased to 74.80% and 60.57% in isoquercitrin (20,10 μmol·L-1) groups in a dose-dependent manner.The results measured by Nitrate Assay Kit revealed that isoquercitrin (20,10 μmol·L-1) could suppress production of NO,the level of NO decreased to 79.34% and 68.81%(P<0.05).The Western blotting results showed that isoquercitrin (20,15,10 μmol·L-1) inhibited the productions of iNOS and COX-2 (P<0.05).Conclusion Isoquercitrin has anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the productions of TNF-α,NO,iNOS and COX-2,and the most effective dose for the inhibition is 10 μmol·L-1.

Objective To investigate whetherthe extract of HUANGPI inhibitthe secretion of TNF-αvia TLR4/MyD88/TRAF6 signaling pathway. Methods ELISA assay was performed to determine TNF-α level in cell culture medium. MTT assay was used to detect the effects of the extract of HUANGPI and LPS on the viabilities of RAW 264.7 cells. Proteinexpressions of TLR4 and TRAF6 were detected by Western blotting assay. Results The extract of HUANGPI inhibited the secretion of TNF-αin a dose-dependent manner. Compared to LPS group , were TNF-αwas significantly suppressed in the cells in LPS+MyD88 inhibitor group , LPS+extract group and LPS+extract+MyD88 inhibitor group,with the corresponding reductions of TLR4 and TRAF6 protein expression at74% and21%,70% and27%,44% and8.5%, respectively. Conclusion MYD88-dependent signaling pathway might be involved in the mechanism underlying the effect of the extract of HUANGPI on suppressing LPS-induced inflammation.