Pyroptosis is a kind of programmed cell death,which is not only related to colorectal cancer,bladder cancer,gastric cancer,breast cancer and other tumors,but also related to cervical cancer,ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer.In recent years,the diagnosis and treatment of gynecological tumors have been improved,but their incidence and mortality are still high,which seriously threaten women's health.The current difficulty in treating gynecological tumors is reflected in the chemotherapy resistance of cervical cancer,the difficulty in early detection of ovarian cancer,the rapid progression and easy recurrence of late stage ovarian cancer,and the poor prognosis of late stage endometrial cancer.Therefore,this article reviews the roles of pyroptosis in the occurrence and development of gynecologic tumors,in order to provide clues for early diagnosis and treatment of gynecological tumors.

Pyroptosis is a kind of programmed cell death,which is not only related to colorectal cancer,bladder cancer,gastric cancer,breast cancer and other tumors,but also related to cervical cancer,ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer.In recent years,the diagnosis and treatment of gynecological tumors have been improved,but their incidence and mortality are still high,which seriously threaten women's health.The current difficulty in treating gynecological tumors is reflected in the chemotherapy resistance of cervical cancer,the difficulty in early detection of ovarian cancer,the rapid progression and easy recurrence of late stage ovarian cancer,and the poor prognosis of late stage endometrial cancer.Therefore,this article reviews the roles of pyroptosis in the occurrence and development of gynecologic tumors,in order to provide clues for early diagnosis and treatment of gynecological tumors.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the value of using flat-sided culture tubes for preparing chromosomes through chorionic villi (CV) and amniotic fluid (AF) cell cultures during prenatal diagnosis. METHODS: From February to March 2020, 157 CV samples and 147 AF samples subjected to prenatal diagnosis at the Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were selected as the study subjects. For each sample, one flat-sided tube and one flask culture were set up by following the standard protocols. The methods were evaluated by comparing the cell growth, experimental process, quality of chromosome preparation and costs. RESULTS: The success rates for the culturing of CV and AF samples by the flat-sided culture tube method were 97.45% (153/157) and 97.96% (144/147), respectively. By contrast, the success rates for the conventional flask method were 98.72% (155/157) for CV and 98.64% (145/147) for AF samples. No significant difference was found between the two methods (P > 0.05). The average harvest time required by the flat-sided culture tube method was 8.45 days for CV and 9.43 days for AF cultures, whilst the average harvest time for conventional flask method was 9.05 days and 9.54 days, respectively. The flat-sided culture tube method for CV had required significantly shorter average harvest time than the conventional method (P < 0.001). No statistical significant difference was found in the average harvest time for AF by the two methods (P > 0.05). The conventional culturing method had required three containers with two sample transfers. By contrast, the flat-sided culture tube method was carried out in one tube without any sample transfer. The average total amount of medium used was 3.91 mL for each flat-sided culture tube and 6.26 mL for each conventional flask. CONCLUSION The flat-sided culture tube method can provide a simple, cost-effective and error-reducing procedure for the CV and AF samples culture during prenatal diagnosis.
Child ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Humans ; China ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Chorionic Villi Sampling ; Amniotic Fluid ; Cell Proliferation

The aim of this paper was to investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects of Xiaoer Feike Granules(XEFK) on chronic bronchitis in rats and its mechanism. Except for 10 rats in the blank group, the remaining 50 of the 60 SD rats were used to establish a model of chronic bronchitis induced by LPS. On the 22 nd day, the model rats were randomly divided into 5 groups according to their body weight, and administrated with purified water, Keteling Capsules 0.11 g·kg~(-1), XEFK 3.2, 1.6 and 0.8 g·kg~(-1)(the dosing concentrations were 0.32, 0.16, 0.08 g·mL~(-1), respectively). These rats took the corresponding drug orally once a day, for consecutive 21 days. The rats were anesthetized 1 hour after the last administration, and the lavage bronchus and alveoli were collected. Then, after the fixation of the smear, neutrophils were counted microscopically, and the contents of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase(SOD) and malondialdehyde(MDA) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were detected by colorimetric method. Flow cytometry was used to detect the content changes of T cell subsets CD4~+, CD8~+, CD4~+/CD8~(+ )in serum. Hemorheology related indexes were detected by automatic hemorheology. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect the contents of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-1β(IL-1β), IL-2, IL-6 and IL-10 in serum. The expression of TNF-α and IL-10 mRNA in lung was detected by Real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR). HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes in the bronchitis tissues. Compared with the model group, XEFK high and medium dose groups could significantly reduce the contents of neutrophils and MDA in bronchial lavage fluid, and increase the activities of GSH-Px and SOD in BALF, and repair the chronic inflammatory cell infiltration and lymphoid tissue hyperplasia in the bronchial mucosal layer and submucosal layer. The high-dose group could reduce the plasma viscosity of rats, but there was no statistical difference in other hemorheological indexes. CD4~+, CD8~+, CD4~+/CD8~+, IL-2 and IL-10 contents in each dose group were significantly increased, and TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 contents were significantly decreased in serum. Each dose group could significantly down-regulate the expression level of TNF-α mRNA in the lung and increase the expression of IL-10 mRNA. XEFK could reduce lipid peroxidation, increase the content of peripheral blood T cell subsets, regulate the release and secretion of inflammatory factors, and repair the morphological and pathological changes of bronchial tissue. Its mechanism might be related to the improvement of inflammatory response and the enhancement of immune function.
Animals ; Bronchitis, Chronic/drug therapy* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Lung ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

To address the increasing need for detecting and validating protein biomarkers in clinical specimens, mass spectrometry (MS)-based targeted proteomic techniques, including the selected reaction monitoring (SRM), parallel reaction monitoring (PRM), and massively parallel data-independent acquisition (DIA), have been developed. For optimal performance, they require the fragment ion spectra of targeted peptides as prior knowledge. In this report, we describe a MS pipe-line and spectral resource to support targeted proteomics studies for human tissue samples. To build the spectral resource, we integrated common open-source MS computational tools to assemble a freely accessible computational workflow based on Docker. We then applied the workflow to gen-erate DPHL, a comprehensive DIA pan-human library, from 1096 data-dependent acquisition (DDA) MS raw files for 16 types of cancer samples. This extensive spectral resource was then applied to a proteomic study of 17 prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Thereafter, PRM validation was applied to a larger study of 57 PCa patients and the differential expression of three proteins in prostate tumor was validated. As a second application, the DPHL spectral resource was applied to a study consisting of plasma samples from 19 diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients and 18 healthy control subjects. Differentially expressed proteins between DLBCL patients and healthy control subjects were detected by DIA-MS and confirmed by PRM. These data demonstrate that the DPHL supports DIA and PRM MS pipelines for robust protein biomarker discovery. DPHL is freely accessible at https://www.iprox.org/page/project.html?id=IPX0001400000.

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.26.008

Objective To study the effect of operative timing on clinical outcomes in elderly hip fracture. Methods Two hundred sixty-seven patients with hip fracture were treated from July 2006 to May 2008. The patients who had an operation within two days (the early surgery group) were compared with the outcome for those who had an operation more than two days (the later surgery group). Outcomes measured were mortality, post-operative complications, operative details, the comorbidity and the activities of daily living of patients. Results One hundred and sixteen patients were included in the study. There were 45 cases in the early surgery group, including 13 males and 32 females. The patients ranged from sixty-five to eightyeight years old, with an average age of 78.76 years. While there were 71 patients in the late surgery group,including 24 males and 47 females. The patients ranged from sixty-six to one hundred and three years old,with an average age of 80.00 years. The demographic data of patients show no significant difference in two groups. There was no difference in intraoperative conditions such as anesthesia, amount of bleeding, type of fixation between two groups. Patients in early surgery group experienced shorter length of hospital stay, and fewer pulmonary complications. The mortality of early surgery group do not show a significant increase at discharge, 6 month, 12 month postoperatively compared to that of the later surgery group. However patients in the early surgery group show a significant increase of ADL scores at discharge, 6 month postoperatively,but not at 12 month. Conclusion The timing of surgery has an impact on clinical outcome in elderly hip fracture. Early surgery was associated with improved function in the first 6 month postoperatively, but not 12months, but it was not associated with mortality.

Objective To explore neural plasticity around an injured region of the spinal cord and the effects of step training on functional recovery after incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats ( n = 24) were induced with spinal cord contusion at T10 and divided into a step training group and a control group ( 12 rats in each). Training started from the 7th day post-injury and lasted for (20 ± 10)min per day, 5 days per week, for 9 weeks. Treadmill speeds were 3 m/min at the beginning, and adjusted daily according to each rat's tolerance up to 11 m/min or more. The functional recovery was measured weekly with the open-field locomotor rating scale of Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB score). The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament protein (NF) and growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) in the spinal cord around the injured region were detected. Results After 70 days of step training, the average BBB score of the step training group reached ( 12.86 ± 0.94 ), significantly higher than that of the control group ( 10.71 ± 0.95 ). The expression of NF and GAP-43 around the injured region increased significantly more in the step training group than among the controls. Conclusions Step training can promote functional recovery and neural plasticity in rats after incomplete SCI.