1.Therapeutic Effect of Cranial Painkiller Pills' Extract Powder in Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia Induced by Injection of Talci Pulvis into Infraorbital Foramen of Model Rats Based on OTULIN-regulated Neuroinflammation
Shuran LI ; Xinwei WANG ; Jing SUN ; Dan XIE ; Ronghua ZHAO ; Lei BAO ; Zihan GENG ; Qiyue SUN ; Jingsheng ZHANG ; Yaxin WANG ; Xihe CUI ; Xinying LI ; Bing HAN ; Tianjiao LU ; Xiaolan CUI ; Liying LIU ; Shanshan GUO
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2025;31(21):21-28
ObjectiveThis paper aims to verify the therapeutic effect of Cranial Painkiller pills' extract powder prepared by the new process on the rat's trigeminal neuralgia model caused by infraorbital injection of Talci Pulvis, evaluate its potential clinical application value, and compare the therapeutic effect with that of Cranial Painkiller granules, so as to provide data support for the application of the Cranial Painkiller pills' extract powder and precise treatment. MethodsThe rat's trigeminal neuralgia model was constructed by infraorbital injection of Talci Pulvis, and the rats were randomly divided into the normal group, model group, carbamazepine group (60 mg·kg-1), Cranial Painkiller granules group (2.70 g·kg-1), and low, medium, and high dosage groups of Cranial Painkiller pills' extract powder (1.35, 2.70, 5.40 g·kg-1) according to the basal mechanical pain thresholds, and there were 10 rats in each group. The drug was administered by gavage to each group 2 h after modeling, and distilled water was given by gavage to the normal and model groups under the same conditions once a day for 10 d. Von Frey brushes were used to measure mechanical pain thresholds in rats. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to detect pathological changes in the trigeminal ganglion, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the inflammatory factors interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in rat serum, as well as neuropeptide substance P (SP) and β-endorphin (β-EP) levels in rat brain tissue. Western blot technique was used to detect the levels of NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, and OTULIN proteins in rat brain tissue. ResultsCompared with the normal group, the pain threshold of rats in the model group showed a continuous significant decrease (P<0.01). The pathological damage of brain tissue was significant (P<0.01), and the inflammatory levels of IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in serum were significantly elevated (P<0.01). The level of the SP in the brain tissue was significantly elevated (P<0.01), and the level of β-EP was significantly reduced (P<0.01), while the level of OTULIN was significantly reduced, and NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase-1 protein levels were significantly elevated (P<0.01). After administration of the drug, compared with the model group, the pain threshold of each dose group of the Cranial Painkiller pills' extract powder and the Cranial Painkiller granules group significantly increased (P<0.01). The inflammatory levels of IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α and SP levels significantly decreased (P<0.01), and the β-EP levels were significantly elevated (P<0.01), while the levels of OTULIN protein were significantly elevated (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the levels of NLRP3, ASC proteins were decreased (P<0.01)in high dose Cranial Painkiller pills' extract powder. Meanwhile, compared with those in the model group, the trigeminal ganglion lesions of rats in the Cranial Painkiller pills' extract powder and Cranial Painkiller granules groups showed different degrees of improvement (P<0.05, P<0.01). ConclusionThe Cranial Painkiller pills' extract powder has significant therapeutic effects on the rat model of trigeminal neuralgia induced by infraorbital injection of Talci Pulvis, and its mechanism is related to the improvement of OTULIN-regulated neuroinflammation.
2.Therapeutic Effect of Cranial Painkiller Pills' Extract Powder in Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia Induced by Injection of Talci Pulvis into Infraorbital Foramen of Model Rats Based on OTULIN-regulated Neuroinflammation
Shuran LI ; Xinwei WANG ; Jing SUN ; Dan XIE ; Ronghua ZHAO ; Lei BAO ; Zihan GENG ; Qiyue SUN ; Jingsheng ZHANG ; Yaxin WANG ; Xihe CUI ; Xinying LI ; Bing HAN ; Tianjiao LU ; Xiaolan CUI ; Liying LIU ; Shanshan GUO
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2025;31(21):21-28
ObjectiveThis paper aims to verify the therapeutic effect of Cranial Painkiller pills' extract powder prepared by the new process on the rat's trigeminal neuralgia model caused by infraorbital injection of Talci Pulvis, evaluate its potential clinical application value, and compare the therapeutic effect with that of Cranial Painkiller granules, so as to provide data support for the application of the Cranial Painkiller pills' extract powder and precise treatment. MethodsThe rat's trigeminal neuralgia model was constructed by infraorbital injection of Talci Pulvis, and the rats were randomly divided into the normal group, model group, carbamazepine group (60 mg·kg-1), Cranial Painkiller granules group (2.70 g·kg-1), and low, medium, and high dosage groups of Cranial Painkiller pills' extract powder (1.35, 2.70, 5.40 g·kg-1) according to the basal mechanical pain thresholds, and there were 10 rats in each group. The drug was administered by gavage to each group 2 h after modeling, and distilled water was given by gavage to the normal and model groups under the same conditions once a day for 10 d. Von Frey brushes were used to measure mechanical pain thresholds in rats. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to detect pathological changes in the trigeminal ganglion, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the inflammatory factors interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in rat serum, as well as neuropeptide substance P (SP) and β-endorphin (β-EP) levels in rat brain tissue. Western blot technique was used to detect the levels of NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, and OTULIN proteins in rat brain tissue. ResultsCompared with the normal group, the pain threshold of rats in the model group showed a continuous significant decrease (P<0.01). The pathological damage of brain tissue was significant (P<0.01), and the inflammatory levels of IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in serum were significantly elevated (P<0.01). The level of the SP in the brain tissue was significantly elevated (P<0.01), and the level of β-EP was significantly reduced (P<0.01), while the level of OTULIN was significantly reduced, and NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase-1 protein levels were significantly elevated (P<0.01). After administration of the drug, compared with the model group, the pain threshold of each dose group of the Cranial Painkiller pills' extract powder and the Cranial Painkiller granules group significantly increased (P<0.01). The inflammatory levels of IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α and SP levels significantly decreased (P<0.01), and the β-EP levels were significantly elevated (P<0.01), while the levels of OTULIN protein were significantly elevated (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the levels of NLRP3, ASC proteins were decreased (P<0.01)in high dose Cranial Painkiller pills' extract powder. Meanwhile, compared with those in the model group, the trigeminal ganglion lesions of rats in the Cranial Painkiller pills' extract powder and Cranial Painkiller granules groups showed different degrees of improvement (P<0.05, P<0.01). ConclusionThe Cranial Painkiller pills' extract powder has significant therapeutic effects on the rat model of trigeminal neuralgia induced by infraorbital injection of Talci Pulvis, and its mechanism is related to the improvement of OTULIN-regulated neuroinflammation.
3.Analysis of neuromedin U remodeling the metabolic microenvironment of pancreatic tumors through Hedgehog signaling pathway
Yuchang WANG ; Yidan ZHANG ; Tianjiao HU ; Mingjia GAO ; Ning HAN ; Jiani ZHANG ; Rui ZHENG
Cancer Research and Clinic 2025;37(6):422-428
Objective:To construct an in situ pancreatic tumor model in mice and explore the mechanism of neuromedin U (NMU) remodeling the metabolic microenvironment of pancreatic tumors via the Hedgehog signaling pathway.Methods:C57BL/6 NMU -/- heterozygous mice were bred in one cage with a female-to-male ratio of 2:1. The tail tissues of offspring rats were taken, and knockout primers were designed according to the sequence structure of NMU gene. The C57BL/6 NMU -/- mouse genotypes were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and agarose gel electrophoresis. Five C57BL/6 NMU -/- homozygotes and five wild type mice aged 8 to 9 weeks were selected, and Panc02 cell suspension of pancreatic cancer in logarithmic growth phase was injected into pancreatic tail tissue to construct tumor bearing mice model of pancreatic tumor in situ. After 3 weeks of tumor loading, flow cytometry was used to detect the abundance changes of CD8 + T cells in the spleen tissues of two groups of mice. GSE102238 (data published in August 2017) and GSE62452 (data published in July 2016) datasets were download from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, including 119 samples of pancreatic cancer tissue and 111 samples of normal pancreatic tissue adjacent to cancer, and the differential expression factors of the two groups of samples were screened. R language limma package was used to analyze the differential expression of NMU mRNA in pancreatic cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues; the relative expression level of NMU mRNA in pancreatic cancer patients of different ages and tumor grades was analyzed by ggpubr package. The relative expression level data of NMU mRNA in pancreatic tumor patients were extracted, and the patients were divided into high expression group (>2.48) and low expression group (<2.48) based on the median value (2.48). The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to calculate the difference in the content of infiltrating immune cells in pancreatic tumors between the two groups of patients. The overall survival of patients with different relative expression levels of NMU mRNA in the OncoLnc database (59 cases in the high expression group and 59 cases in the low expression group) was compared. The data of 178 patients with pancreatic cancer in TCGA-PAAD of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database (updated in March 2024) were download. According to the median value of relative expression of NMU mRNA (2.740), the patients were divided into the high expression group (>2.740) and the low expression group (<2.740), with 89 cases in each group. GSEA software was used to analyze the biological functions and pathways in which the genes enriched significantly. The molecules and key targets for molecular docking were explored using the large molecule protein interaction tool PDBePISA. Spearman correlation analysis was performed using R language data packets. Results:The results of C57BL/6 NMU -/- mouse genotypes analyzed by using the gel electrophoresis pattern of PCR amplification products of tail tissues showed that the wild type was one 380 bp electrophoretic band, the homozygous type was one 450 bp electrophoretic band, and the heterozygous type was 450 bp and 380 bp electrophoretic bands. After identifying and screening pure strains mouse, reproduction was carried out, and C57BL/6 NMU -/- homozygous mice were successfully obtained. The results of flow cytometry analysis showed that the proportion of CD8 + T cells in the spleen tissues of C57BL/6 NMU -/- wild-type and homozygous pancreatic tumor bearing mice was (30.38±0.37)% and (37.00±0.48)%, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups ( t = 9.79, P < 0.001). The absolute values of CD8 + T cells were (8.36±0.27)×10 4 and (10.20±0.28)×10 4, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 3.71, P = 0.013). In the GEO database GSE102238 and GSE62452 datasets, there were differentially expressed genes in pancreatic cancer tissues compared with adjacent tissues, including 219 up-regulated genes and 325 down-regulated genes in pancreatic cancer tissues; among them, NMU was an upregulated differentially expressed gene. The relative expression of NMU mRNA in patients aged > 65 year or grade G3-G4 was higher than that in patients aged ≤ 65 years or grade G1-G2, and the differences were statistically significant (both P < 0.05). The analysis results of CIBERSORT algorithm showed that the expression abundance of CD8 + T cells, initial CD4 + T cells, activated memory CD4 + T cells, and γδ T cells in the high expression group of NMU was lower than that in the low expression group (all P < 0.05). The overall survival of the high expression group of NMU was worse than that of the low expression group in the OncoLnc database ( P = 0.010). GSEA enrichment analysis and Spearman correlation analysis revealed significant changes in the Hedgehog signaling pathway, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and pyrimidine nucleotide metabolism, which affected tumor metabolic remodeling. Conclusions:NMU may remodel the tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer by regulating Hedgehog signaling pathway.
4.Analysis of neuromedin U remodeling the metabolic microenvironment of pancreatic tumors through Hedgehog signaling pathway
Yuchang WANG ; Yidan ZHANG ; Tianjiao HU ; Mingjia GAO ; Ning HAN ; Jiani ZHANG ; Rui ZHENG
Cancer Research and Clinic 2025;37(6):422-428
Objective:To construct an in situ pancreatic tumor model in mice and explore the mechanism of neuromedin U (NMU) remodeling the metabolic microenvironment of pancreatic tumors via the Hedgehog signaling pathway.Methods:C57BL/6 NMU -/- heterozygous mice were bred in one cage with a female-to-male ratio of 2:1. The tail tissues of offspring rats were taken, and knockout primers were designed according to the sequence structure of NMU gene. The C57BL/6 NMU -/- mouse genotypes were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and agarose gel electrophoresis. Five C57BL/6 NMU -/- homozygotes and five wild type mice aged 8 to 9 weeks were selected, and Panc02 cell suspension of pancreatic cancer in logarithmic growth phase was injected into pancreatic tail tissue to construct tumor bearing mice model of pancreatic tumor in situ. After 3 weeks of tumor loading, flow cytometry was used to detect the abundance changes of CD8 + T cells in the spleen tissues of two groups of mice. GSE102238 (data published in August 2017) and GSE62452 (data published in July 2016) datasets were download from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, including 119 samples of pancreatic cancer tissue and 111 samples of normal pancreatic tissue adjacent to cancer, and the differential expression factors of the two groups of samples were screened. R language limma package was used to analyze the differential expression of NMU mRNA in pancreatic cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues; the relative expression level of NMU mRNA in pancreatic cancer patients of different ages and tumor grades was analyzed by ggpubr package. The relative expression level data of NMU mRNA in pancreatic tumor patients were extracted, and the patients were divided into high expression group (>2.48) and low expression group (<2.48) based on the median value (2.48). The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to calculate the difference in the content of infiltrating immune cells in pancreatic tumors between the two groups of patients. The overall survival of patients with different relative expression levels of NMU mRNA in the OncoLnc database (59 cases in the high expression group and 59 cases in the low expression group) was compared. The data of 178 patients with pancreatic cancer in TCGA-PAAD of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database (updated in March 2024) were download. According to the median value of relative expression of NMU mRNA (2.740), the patients were divided into the high expression group (>2.740) and the low expression group (<2.740), with 89 cases in each group. GSEA software was used to analyze the biological functions and pathways in which the genes enriched significantly. The molecules and key targets for molecular docking were explored using the large molecule protein interaction tool PDBePISA. Spearman correlation analysis was performed using R language data packets. Results:The results of C57BL/6 NMU -/- mouse genotypes analyzed by using the gel electrophoresis pattern of PCR amplification products of tail tissues showed that the wild type was one 380 bp electrophoretic band, the homozygous type was one 450 bp electrophoretic band, and the heterozygous type was 450 bp and 380 bp electrophoretic bands. After identifying and screening pure strains mouse, reproduction was carried out, and C57BL/6 NMU -/- homozygous mice were successfully obtained. The results of flow cytometry analysis showed that the proportion of CD8 + T cells in the spleen tissues of C57BL/6 NMU -/- wild-type and homozygous pancreatic tumor bearing mice was (30.38±0.37)% and (37.00±0.48)%, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups ( t = 9.79, P < 0.001). The absolute values of CD8 + T cells were (8.36±0.27)×10 4 and (10.20±0.28)×10 4, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 3.71, P = 0.013). In the GEO database GSE102238 and GSE62452 datasets, there were differentially expressed genes in pancreatic cancer tissues compared with adjacent tissues, including 219 up-regulated genes and 325 down-regulated genes in pancreatic cancer tissues; among them, NMU was an upregulated differentially expressed gene. The relative expression of NMU mRNA in patients aged > 65 year or grade G3-G4 was higher than that in patients aged ≤ 65 years or grade G1-G2, and the differences were statistically significant (both P < 0.05). The analysis results of CIBERSORT algorithm showed that the expression abundance of CD8 + T cells, initial CD4 + T cells, activated memory CD4 + T cells, and γδ T cells in the high expression group of NMU was lower than that in the low expression group (all P < 0.05). The overall survival of the high expression group of NMU was worse than that of the low expression group in the OncoLnc database ( P = 0.010). GSEA enrichment analysis and Spearman correlation analysis revealed significant changes in the Hedgehog signaling pathway, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and pyrimidine nucleotide metabolism, which affected tumor metabolic remodeling. Conclusions:NMU may remodel the tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer by regulating Hedgehog signaling pathway.
5.Structure-activity Omics of Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Effect of Corydalis Rhizoma in Qizhi Weitong Granules
Xinpeng QIN ; Ying MENG ; Sicong LIU ; Ying ZHENG ; Yongrui BAO ; Shuai WANG ; Tianjiao LI ; Ling HAN ; Wei ZOU ; Xiansheng MENG
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2024;30(15):136-145
ObjectiveTo explain the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Corydalis Rhizoma by the means of structure-activity omics. MethodOn the basis of the previous in vitro screening study, we studied the in vivo efficacy of the alkaloids in Corydalis Rhizoma. With the targets as a bridge, the structures of chemical components in Corydalis Rhizoma were connected with the efficacy. The molecular docking of the alkaloids in Corydalis Rhizoma with the targets of inflammation and pain was carried out. According to the docking scores and the differences in the structural nucleus of Corydalis Rhizoma alkaloids, a study of structure-activity omics was carried out to summarize the rules of their connection. ResultThe alkaloids in Corydalis Rhizoma had good anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects in vivo, involving 53 chemical components and 73 targets. There were 3 074 targets associated with inflammation and pain, and 42 targets of direct action were shared by the chemical components and the disease. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) and molecular docking analysis predicted that the main active components of Corydalis Rhizoma were tetrahydropalmatine and palmatine, and the core targets were prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), glutamate receptor metabotropic 5 (GRM5), estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), solute carrier family 6 member 4 (SLC6A4), and fusion oncoproteins (FOS). According to the differences of mother nucleus, the 53 alkaloid components of Corydalis Rhizoma were classified into 8 categories, including protoberberine, berberine, and aporphine, which had high binding affinities with PTGS2, GRM5 and other targets. The relationship between the structures of Corydalis Rhizoma alkaloids and docking scores in each group showed the same law. In protoberberine, appropriate substituents with hydroxyl, alkoxy or methyl groups on the A and D rings of the parent ring were conducive to enhancing the binding activities with the two targets. In berberine, the structure containing a methyl group on position 13 had strong binding affinities with the two targets. It is hypothesized that the methyl fragment changes the binding mode between the component structure and amino acid residues, which greatly improves the binding affinity. ConclusionThis study employs the method of structure-activity omics to analyze the material basis for the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of alkaloids in Corydalis Rhizoma, and the structure-activity omics provides new ideas for revealing the pharmacodynamic substances of traditional Chinese medicine.
6.Structure-activity Omics on Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Effect of Aurantii Fructus in Qizhi Weitong Granules
Sicong LIU ; Xinpeng QIN ; Bing QI ; Xi LUO ; Tianjiao LI ; Yongrui BAO ; Shuai WANG ; Ling HAN ; Xiansheng MENG
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2024;30(15):154-161
ObjectiveTo explain the pharmacodynamic substances of Aurantii Fructus flavonoids that exert anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects using a structure-activity omics approach. MethodOn the basis of the previous in vitro pharmacological screening conducted by the research team, an in vivo pharmacological study of Aurantii Fructus flavonoids was carried out. Core targets of the anti-inflammatory and analgesic active components of flavonoids of Aurantii Fructus were identified using various network databases, including the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), and the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING). Computer-aided virtual screening technology was used to dock different types of Aurantii Fructus flavonoids with core targets. The key core targets with high binding activity were selected based on the comprehensive scores of each target and the active structures. Using these targets as bridges, the structures of one or more types of chemical components in Aurantii Fructus were closely linked to pharmacological effects. The structure-activity relationship between the clear pharmacodynamic compounds and their effects was explored through the binding patterns of various structures with pharmacodynamic targets. ResultAurantii Fructus flavonoids demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice, which could improve symptoms and significantly reduce the levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β)(P<0.05). Twelve active components of Aurantii Fructus flavonoids were identified and categorized into nine dihydroflavonoids and three flavonoids based on their structures of the parent nuclei. Through Venn analysis, 167 anti-inflammatory and analgesic targets for Aurantii Fructus were identified. Based on degree value and molecular docking comprehensive scores, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2(PTGS2) and mitogen-activated protein kinase 3(MAPK3) were selected for further structural analysis. Structural analysis revealed that components containing glycoside structures exhibited higher binding activity with anti-inflammatory and analgesic targets. ConclusionThis study utilized a structure-activity omics approach based on in vivo pharmacodynamic experiments to analyze the material basis of the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Aurantii Fructus flavonoids. The structure-activity omics approach provides new ideas and methods for elucidating the pharmacodynamic substances of Chinese medicine.
7.Structure-activity Omics on Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Effect of Paeoniae Radix Alba in Qizhi Weitong Granules
Bing QI ; Xi LUO ; Ying ZHENG ; Ying MENG ; Shuai WANG ; Yongrui BAO ; Tianjiao LI ; Ling HAN ; Xinying SHU ; Xiansheng MENG
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2024;30(21):169-175
ObjectiveTo elucidate the active compounds for the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Paeoniae Radix Alba from structure-activity omics. MethodOn the basis of the previous in vitro efficacy study by our research group, a mouse model of foot swelling was induced by methyl aldehyde and used to study the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of total glycosides of Paeoniae Radix Alba in vivo. The core targets of the active compounds for the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Paeoniae Radix Alba were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), and Search Tool for Recurring Instances of Neighbouring Genes (STRING). Molecular docking was conducted for the total glucosides of Paeoniae Radix Alba with the core targets, and the key core targets with high binding affinity were screened out according to the comprehensive score of each target and active structure. The structure-activity relationship was analyzed with targets as a bridge through the combination of compound structures and pharmacological effects. ResultThe total glucosides of Paeoniae Radix Alba had good anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects in vivo. The core targets of 23 active components of Paeoniae Radix Alba were epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53), and proto-oncogene transcription factor (JUN). According to the structure of the parent nucleus, there were 16 pinane monoterpene glycosides, 4 pinene monoterpene glycosides, 2 monoterpene lactone glycosides, and 1 monoterpene ketone. The key core targets screened out by molecular docking were EGFR and STAT3. The structure-activity analysis of the active compound structures and the key core targets showed that the introduction of ketone group and benzene ring group on the parent nucleus affected the binding activity. ConclusionThis study analyzed the material basis for the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of total glycosides of Paeoniae Radix Alba from structure-activity omics, providing new ideas and methods for revealing the pharmacodynamic substances in traditional Chinese medicine.
8.Nanoengineered mitochondria enable ocular mitochondrial disease therapy via the replacement of dysfunctional mitochondria.
Yi WANG ; Nahui LIU ; Lifan HU ; Jingsong YANG ; Mengmeng HAN ; Tianjiao ZHOU ; Lei XING ; Hulin JIANG
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024;14(12):5435-5450
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is an ocular mitochondrial disease that involves the impairment of mitochondrial complex I, which is an important contributor to blindness among young adults across the globe. However, the disorder has no available cures, since the approved drug idebenone for LHON in Europe relies on bypassing complex I defects rather than fixing them. Herein, PARKIN mRNA-loaded nanoparticle (mNP)-engineered mitochondria (mNP-Mito) were designed to replace dysfunctional mitochondria with the delivery of exogenous mitochondria, normalizing the function of complex I for treating LHON. The mNP-Mito facilitated the supplementation of healthy mitochondria containing functional complex I via mitochondrial transfer, along with the elimination of dysfunctional mitochondria with impaired complex I via an enhanced PARKIN-mediated mitophagy process. In a mouse model induced with a complex I inhibitor (rotenone, Rot), mNP-Mito enhanced the presence of healthy mitochondria and exhibited a sharp increase in complex I activity (76.5%) compared to the group exposed to Rot damage (29.5%), which greatly promoted the restoration of ATP generation and mitigation of ocular mitochondrial disease-related phenotypes. This study highlights the significance of nanoengineered mitochondria as a promising and feasible tool for the replacement of dysfunctional mitochondria and the repair of mitochondrial function in mitochondrial disease therapies.
9.Discussion on Pharmaceutical Research of Additional Specifications of Traditional Chinese Medicine Honey Pills Based on Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2023;29(1):209-214
Among the supplementary applications for Chinese medicines, additional specifications of pills occupy a certain proportion. It is common situation that addition of water honey pills and water pills on the basis of honey pills. Due to the ingredients of Chinese medicine are complex, and honey may be related to the safety and effectiveness of the preparation as a special excipient. Therefore, the necessity of the change should be considered from multiple perspectives and aspects in combination with the characteristics of the pills, and the scientific and reasonable nature of the change should be proved through research. By thinking deeply of the review of the application for adding water honey pill and water pill specification supplement to honey pill, the author discusses the key contents that need to be paid attention to in pharmaceutical research of such changes, and puts forward the following suggestions:①The necessity of change should be considered in combination with clinical drug demand and benefit-risk ratio. ②Attach importance to the research on the change of process and excipient, and evaluate the impact of changes on drug safety and effectiveness. ③Strengthen quality and stability research, and select appropriate packaging materials to ensure stable and controllable sample quality after change. ④Reasonably expression of specifications and loading specifications.
10.Application of air sterilization station to air quality control of digestive endoscopy center
Ye GAO ; Tianjiao WANG ; Luowei WANG ; Han LIN ; Zhaoshen LI
Chinese Journal of Digestive Endoscopy 2023;40(12):992-996
Objective:To investigate the effect of air sterilization station on air quality control of digestive endoscopy center through a national multi-center dynamic monitoring research.Methods:This study was conducted jointly with 15 digestive endoscopy centers in different regions of China. Each center selected 2 endoscopy rooms using level 4 and level 3 digestive endoscopy techniques, one with an air sterilization station (the experimental group) and the other without the device (the control group). The concentrations of PM 5 and PM 0.5 in the rooms before and after the use of air sterilization station were detected and compared. Results:The air quality of all research units failed to reach the standard air cleanliness level 8 without using air sterilization station. After using the air sterilization station, the PM 5 concentration and PM 0.5 concentration of the experimental group in each center under dynamic conditions were lower than those of the control group, and the difference was significant ( P<0.05). The PM 5 concentration and PM 0.5 concentration in the experimental group at each center showed a decreasing trend with start-up time, with significant difference at different start-up times ( P<0.05). The PM 5 concentration could reach the air cleanliness level 8 standard 15.7 minutes after the air sterilization station started, and the PM 0.5 concentration could reach the air cleanliness level 8 standard 25.0 minutes after the air sterilization station started. Conclusion:In the dynamic environment of the digestive endoscopy center, the air sterilization station can significantly improve the air quality in the endoscopy rooms, which is worth promoting in endoscopy rooms of medical institutions of all levels.

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