Background Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are a major occupational health concern, particularly among workers exposed to adverse ergonomic conditions. Manganese production involves heavy physical demands, yet research on WMSDs among manganese workers remains limited. Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of WMSDs among manganese workers in a manganese enterprise in Guangxi. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted from May to June 2024 on workers at a manganese factory in Guangxi. The Chinese Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire was used to collect information on demographic characteristics, distribution of musculoskeletal symptoms, and work-related exposures. χ² test was applied to compare differences in positive WMSDs rates across groups, and logistic regression analysis was performed to identify associated factors. Results A total of 1476 workers were enrolled in the study after pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The overall prevalence of WMSDs was 34.15%. The most commonly affected body regions were the lower back (17.28%), neck (16.67%), and shoulders (13.82%). The results of logistic regression analysis indicated that female, older age, and education level of college or above were associated with a higher risk of WMSDs (P<0.05). Awkward working postures were significantly associated with WMSDs in corresponding body regions; in particular, awkward postures of the neck, upper limbs, trunk, and lower limbs were related to an increased risk of WMSDs in multiple body sites (P<0.05). In addition, poor lighting conditions, high workplace temperature, frequent or sustained arm support during work, and high job demands were associated with an increased risk of overall or site-specific WMSDs (P<0.05). Conclusion The high prevalence of WMSDs among manganese workers is closely associated with demographic characteristics, working postures, and work environment and organizational factors. Targeted ergonomic interventions focusing on high-risk body regions and key ergonomic exposures are warranted to reduce the risk of WMSDs among manganese workers.

Objective:To explore the changes in the whole transcriptome gene expression profile affected by EPB41L4A-AS,and to reveal its potential mechanisms that influence the progression of AD.Methods:U251 cells with stable low expression of EPB41L4A-AS1 were constructed using shRNA technology.Transcriptome sequencing was performed to screen for transcripts regulated by EPB41L4A-AS1.KEGG pathway and GO analysis were used to explore the related signaling pathways and biological processes regulated by EPB41L4A-AS1.Immunofluorescence assay was used to investigate the effects of EPB41L4A-AS1 on the activity of glial cells with antibodies against GFAP.Results:Knocking down the expression of EPB41L4A-AS1 in U251 cells significantly influenced the levels of multiple transcripts,with 626 upregulated and 949 downregulated.Further analysis revealed that the downregulated transcripts are related to AD,activation and proliferation of glial cells,and formation of amyloid fibers,and close to multiple signaling pathways that are involved in the glial cells-mediated Aβ clearance.Cellular experiments have shown that EPB41L4A-AS1 regulated the synapses length and activity of glial cells.Conclusions:EPB41L4A-AS1 may influence the glial cells-mediated Aβ clearance through multiple signaling pathways.

Objective:To investigate the completion rate of tumor evaluation at initial assessment and after neoadjuvant therapy for mid and low rectal cancer patients in the national multicenter real-world database.Methods:The prospective real-world study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 1 074 patients who underwent surgical treatment for mid and low rectal cancer in 47 national medical institutions, including Peking Union Medical College Hospital et al, from May 12,2023 to May 11,2024 were collected. Observation indicators: (1) clinical characteristics of patients with mid and low rectal cancer; (2) initial colonoscopy and pathologic evaluation of tumors in patients with mid and low rectal cancer; (3) initial imaging evaluation of patients with mid and low rectal cancer; (4) imaging evaluation after neoadjuvant therapy for patients with mid and low rectal cancer. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M( Q1, Q3). Count data were described as absoluter numbers and/or percentages. Results:(1) Clinical characteristics of patients with mid and low rectal cancer. Of the 1 074 patients, there were 713 males and 361 females, aged 63(56,70)years. The body mass index of 1 074 patients was 24(21,26)kg/m 2.For American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, there were 147 cases of stage Ⅰ, 641 cases of stage Ⅱ, 157 cases of stage Ⅲ, 2 cases of stage Ⅳ, and there were 127 cases missing data. (2) Initial colonoscopy and pathologic evaluation of tumors in patients with mid and low rectal cancer. Of the 1 074 patients, there were 787 cases (73.28%) undergoing complete colonoscopy, and there were only 197 cases (18.34%) undergoing immunohistochemical evaluation of all four mismatch repair proteins. (3) Initial imaging evaluation of patients with mid and low rectal cancer. Of the 1 074 patients, there were 842(78.40%) patients completing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or ultrasound evaluation, and there were 914(85.10%) patients completing chest, abdomen, and pelvis enhanced computed tomography (CT) evaluation. In the 149 patients completing rectal ultrasound evaluation, there were 122 cases (81.88%) comple-ting T staging evaluation, and there were 81 cases (54.36%) completing N staging evaluation. In the 808 patients completing rectal MRI evaluation, there were 708 cases (87.62%) completing T staging evaluation, and there were 590 cases (73.02%) completing N staging evaluation. (4) Imaging evalua-tion after neoadjuvant therapy for patients with mid and low rectal cancer. Of the 388 patients with neoadjuvant therapy, there were 332 patients (85.57%) completing MRI or ultrasound evaluation, and there were 327 patients (84.28%) completing chest, abdomen, and pelvis enhanced CT evalua-tion. In the 70 patients completing rectal ultrasound evaluation, there were 65 cases (92.86%) com-pleting T staging evaluation, and there were 49 cases (70.00%) completing N staging evaluation. In the 327 patients completing rectal MRI evaluation, there were 246 cases (75.23%) completing T staging, and there were 228 cases (69.72%) completing N staging evaluation. Conclusion:The com-pletion rate of tumor imaging evaluation at initial assessment and after neoadjuvant therapy for mid and low rectal cancer patients on a national scale is relatively good.

Objective:To explore the changes in the whole transcriptome gene expression profile affected by EPB41L4A-AS,and to reveal its potential mechanisms that influence the progression of AD.Methods:U251 cells with stable low expression of EPB41L4A-AS1 were constructed using shRNA technology.Transcriptome sequencing was performed to screen for transcripts regulated by EPB41L4A-AS1.KEGG pathway and GO analysis were used to explore the related signaling pathways and biological processes regulated by EPB41L4A-AS1.Immunofluorescence assay was used to investigate the effects of EPB41L4A-AS1 on the activity of glial cells with antibodies against GFAP.Results:Knocking down the expression of EPB41L4A-AS1 in U251 cells significantly influenced the levels of multiple transcripts,with 626 upregulated and 949 downregulated.Further analysis revealed that the downregulated transcripts are related to AD,activation and proliferation of glial cells,and formation of amyloid fibers,and close to multiple signaling pathways that are involved in the glial cells-mediated Aβ clearance.Cellular experiments have shown that EPB41L4A-AS1 regulated the synapses length and activity of glial cells.Conclusions:EPB41L4A-AS1 may influence the glial cells-mediated Aβ clearance through multiple signaling pathways.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of transcatheter mitral valve-in-valve replacement(ViV-TMVR)in the treatment of bioprosthetic mitral valve failure.Methods Seventeen patients with bioprosthetic mitral valve failure who required ViV-TMVR were selected.Preoperative data including age,gender,body mass index(BMI),usage time of bioprosthetic mitral valve,comorbidities(hypertension,coronary heart disease,old cerebral infarction,atrial fibrillation and diabetes)and New York Heart Association(NYHA)functional class were recorded,and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD),right atrial diameter(RA),pulmonary artery systolic pressure(PASP),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),type of bioprosthetic mitral valve failure,degree of bioprosthetic mitral valve regurgitation and stenosis,peak velocity and mean transvalvular pressure gradient of the bioprosthetic mitral valve,and Society of Thoracic Surgeons(STS)score were also collected.Intraoperative data included puncture route,valve type,intraoperative complications,operation time and immediate postoperative transesophageal echocardiography(TEE)assessment(peak velocity and mean transvalvular pressure gradient of the valve-in-valve,valve-in-valve regurgitation or paravalvular regurgitation)were collected.Postoperative data included time in the intensive care unit(ICU)/cardiovascular intensive care unit(CCU),total postoperative hospital stay and 30-day postoperative echocardiographic results and NYHA functional class were recorded.Patients were divided into the domestic NewMed valve group(10 cases)and the imported Edwards valve group(7 cases)based on the type of valve used.The safety and efficacy of ViV-TMVR were analyzed,and the efficacy of domestic valves and imported valves was compared.Results All 17 patients successfully underwent ViV-TMVR via the transseptal approach without serious complications,and the 30-day readmission rate was 0%.There were no significant differences in operation time of domestic valves and imported valves,mild paravalvular regurgitation of the valve-in-valve,peak velocity and mean transvalvular pressure gradient of the valve-in-valve immediately after surgery and at 30-day postoperatively,time in ICU/CCU,total postoperative hospital stay and the proportion of patients with NYHA functional class Ⅲ-Ⅳ at 30-day postoperatively between the domestic valve group and the imported valve group.During the 30-day follow-up,one patient died of cerebral hemorrhage,and one patient had major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE,cerebral hemorrhage).Compared with before the operation,the peak velocity and mean transvalvular pressure gradient of the valve-in-valve,LVEF,and PASP decreased immediately after surgery and at 30 days after surgery.Compared with immediately after surgery,the peak velocity and mean transvalvular pressure gradient of the valve-in-valve increased at 30 days postoperatively(P＜0.01),while there were no significant differences in LVEF and PASP.Conclusion Transseptal ViV-TMVR is safe and effective in the short term for patients with bioprosthetic mitral valve failure who are at high risk of re-thoracotomy,and the efficacy of domestic valves is comparable to that of imported valves.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of transcatheter mitral valve-in-valve replacement(ViV-TMVR)in the treatment of bioprosthetic mitral valve failure.Methods Seventeen patients with bioprosthetic mitral valve failure who required ViV-TMVR were selected.Preoperative data including age,gender,body mass index(BMI),usage time of bioprosthetic mitral valve,comorbidities(hypertension,coronary heart disease,old cerebral infarction,atrial fibrillation and diabetes)and New York Heart Association(NYHA)functional class were recorded,and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD),right atrial diameter(RA),pulmonary artery systolic pressure(PASP),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),type of bioprosthetic mitral valve failure,degree of bioprosthetic mitral valve regurgitation and stenosis,peak velocity and mean transvalvular pressure gradient of the bioprosthetic mitral valve,and Society of Thoracic Surgeons(STS)score were also collected.Intraoperative data included puncture route,valve type,intraoperative complications,operation time and immediate postoperative transesophageal echocardiography(TEE)assessment(peak velocity and mean transvalvular pressure gradient of the valve-in-valve,valve-in-valve regurgitation or paravalvular regurgitation)were collected.Postoperative data included time in the intensive care unit(ICU)/cardiovascular intensive care unit(CCU),total postoperative hospital stay and 30-day postoperative echocardiographic results and NYHA functional class were recorded.Patients were divided into the domestic NewMed valve group(10 cases)and the imported Edwards valve group(7 cases)based on the type of valve used.The safety and efficacy of ViV-TMVR were analyzed,and the efficacy of domestic valves and imported valves was compared.Results All 17 patients successfully underwent ViV-TMVR via the transseptal approach without serious complications,and the 30-day readmission rate was 0%.There were no significant differences in operation time of domestic valves and imported valves,mild paravalvular regurgitation of the valve-in-valve,peak velocity and mean transvalvular pressure gradient of the valve-in-valve immediately after surgery and at 30-day postoperatively,time in ICU/CCU,total postoperative hospital stay and the proportion of patients with NYHA functional class Ⅲ-Ⅳ at 30-day postoperatively between the domestic valve group and the imported valve group.During the 30-day follow-up,one patient died of cerebral hemorrhage,and one patient had major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE,cerebral hemorrhage).Compared with before the operation,the peak velocity and mean transvalvular pressure gradient of the valve-in-valve,LVEF,and PASP decreased immediately after surgery and at 30 days after surgery.Compared with immediately after surgery,the peak velocity and mean transvalvular pressure gradient of the valve-in-valve increased at 30 days postoperatively(P＜0.01),while there were no significant differences in LVEF and PASP.Conclusion Transseptal ViV-TMVR is safe and effective in the short term for patients with bioprosthetic mitral valve failure who are at high risk of re-thoracotomy,and the efficacy of domestic valves is comparable to that of imported valves.

Robot-assisted surgery with its advantages such as three-dimensional high-definition vision, dexterous robotic arms, and tremor filtration, is increasingly being applied to complex radical gastrectomy. However, the role of the surgical assistant remains crucial during the procedure. The assistant is responsible for tasks outside the console, including adjusting robotic arms, changing instruments, exposing the surgical field, and addressing unexpected situations. The technical proficiency of the assistant and their collaboration efficiency with the primary surgeon directly impact the smoothness of surgery and patients' outcomes. With the expansion of robot-assisted surgical indications, the establishment of a standardized training system and the optimization of team collaboration models have become urgent challenges to address. This article draws on the author's practical experience as an assistant in robot-assisted gastric cancer surgeries, conducting an in-depth analysis of the responsibilities and operational skills of surgical assistants in robot-assisted procedures. The aim is to develop a relatively comprehensive set of operational guidelines for surgical assistants in robot-assisted radical gastrectomy, providing valuable references for enhancing the overall efficiency of surgical teams and improving surgical outcomes.

Robotic surgery, as an increasingly widespread application in the treatment of gastric and colorectal cancer, still faces obvious discrepancies in recommendations, indications, and evidence strength across existing guidelines. This study systematically analyzed 31 relevant guidelines and consensus statements (retrieved from Chinese and English databases from January 2010 to May 2025) from two dimensions: feasibility (effectiveness, safety, etc.) and training quality control.The results showed that colorectal cancer guidelines had a higher proportion (4 guidelines) of "clear recommendations" for robotic surgery, while gastric cancer guidelines predominantly presented "conditional recommendations" or no recommendations. In the training and quality control dimension, although structured suggestions received positive recommendations, more than half were based on low or very low-quality evidence. Evidence mapping indicated insufficient matching between "case-specific recommendations" and evidence grades in the feasibility dimension, while training processes emphasized the importance of standardized systems and team collaboration.The study highlights the existing heterogeneity in evidence-based guidelines for robotic gastrointestinal surgery, with colorectal cancer demonstrating a more mature evidence base and gastric cancer showing notable evidence gaps. It is recommended that future guideline development should strengthen the consistency between recommendation grades and evidence levels, promote high-quality research in upper gastrointestinal surgery, and improve surgeon training and certification systems to facilitate standardized clinical translation of robotic gastrointestinal surgery.

Mitochondria are organelles in eukaryotic cells that play a crucial role in cellular energy me-tabolism,oxidative stress,heat production,and signal transduction.Mitochondrial transplantation(MT)is currently one of the most advanced techniques for treating mitochondrial dysfunction and anti-aging re-search.This study aimed to explore the feasibility and effectiveness of xenogeneic MT by transplanting mitochondria from yak(Bos grunniens),domestic cattle(Bos taurus),and horse(Equus caballus)into mice(Mus musculus).The results demonstrated that mitochondria from yak,domestic cattle,and horse could be successfully transplanted into mice and maintained in various tissues and organs of the mice for at least 14 days,as confirmed by confocal imaging,digital PCR,and DNA sequencing.MT mice exhibi-ted positive biological effects,including increased ATP content and mitochondrial DNA copy number(P＜0.05),with the maximum effect observed on day 7,which was sustained until day 14.Reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels in MT mice significantly increased at 2 hours post-injection(P＜0.05),then grad-ually decreased towards baseline levels by day 7 and day 14(P＞0.05).These findings support the effec-tiveness of xenogeneic MT and suggest that the effects can be maintained for up to 14 days.This study provides scientific evidence for future clinical applications.

Objective:To compare the clinical effect of deproteinized calf blood extract (DCBE) eye drops and 0.3% sodium hyaluronate eye drops in the treatment of diabetic cataract patients with dry eye after phacoemulsification.Methods:A randomized controlled study was performed.A total of 112 patients (116 eyes) with type Ⅱ diabetes combined with cataract and dry eye who underwent phacoemulsification in the Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University from January 2022 to September 2022 were selected.Patients were divided into DCBE group (49 cases, 51 eyes) and sodium hyaluronate group (63 cases, 65 eyes) by the random number table method.Patients received DCBE eye drops and 0.3% sodium hyaluronate eye drops after surgery according to grouping.Preoperative and postoperative 1 week, 1 month subjective symptoms of dry eye, corneal edema grade, tear film breakup time (TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) and Schirmer Ⅰ test (SⅠt) results were recorded and compared.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (No.SDSYKYY202112-1).Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Results:There were significant differences in dry eye symptom score, TBUT and SⅠt at different time points between before and after surgery ( Ftime=323.202, 102.771, 151.876; all P<0.001).Dry eye symptom score decreased and SⅠt increased in the two groups at 1 week and 1 month after surgery compared with before surgery, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.017).TBUT was longer at 1 week and 1 month after surgery compared with before surgery in the DCBE group, and TBUT at 1 month after surgery was longer than that before surgery in the sodium hyaluronate group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.017).There were statistically significant differences in CFS scores between the two groups at different time points before and after surgery ( Fgroup=5.391, P=0.022; Ftime=142.402, P<0.001).The CFS scores of both groups at 1 week and 1 month after surgery were lower than those before surgery, and CFS scores in the DCBE group were lower than those in the sodium hyaluronate group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.017).One week after surgery, the proportion of patients with corneal edema in the DCBE group was 5.9%(3/51), which was significantly lower than 20.0%(13/65) in the sodium hyaluronate group ( χ2=4.790, P=0.029). Conclusions:DCBE eye drops can promote corneal repair, stabilize tear film and improve dry eye discomfort in early postoperative period in diabetic cataract, and its overall effect is better than 0.3% sodium hyaluronate eye drops.