Objective: To clarify the progression of core flexibility and core muscle strength in fresh lumbar spondylolysis before and after the introduction of rehabilitation treatment. Methods: We enrolled 160 patients diagnosed with fresh lumbar spondylolysis based on magnetic resonance imaging findings from September 2019 to December 2022. Posterior Lumbar Flexibility test and Lumbar Locked Rotation test were performed to assess core flexibility. The Kraus-Weber test and Sahrmann Core Stability test were performed to assess core muscle strength. The initial and final evaluations of all tests were compared.Results: All tests showed significant improvement at the final evaluation compared to the initial evaluation.Conclusion: Patients with lumbar spondylolysis often had decreased core flexibility and core muscle strength at the initial evaluation; these parameters improved at the final evaluation owing to rehabilitation treatment.

Objective: To clarify the progression of core flexibility and core muscle strength in fresh lumbar spondylolysis before and after the introduction of rehabilitation treatment. Methods: We enrolled 160 patients diagnosed with fresh lumbar spondylolysis based on magnetic resonance imaging findings from September 2019 to December 2022. Posterior Lumbar Flexibility test and Lumbar Locked Rotation test were performed to assess core flexibility. The Kraus-Weber test and Sahrmann Core Stability test were performed to assess core muscle strength. The initial and final evaluations of all tests were compared.Results: All tests showed significant improvement at the final evaluation compared to the initial evaluation.Conclusion: Patients with lumbar spondylolysis often had decreased core flexibility and core muscle strength at the initial evaluation; these parameters improved at the final evaluation owing to rehabilitation treatment.

　　In recent years, favorable therapeutic outcomes have been reported for arterial injection chemoradiotherapy for tongue cancer. The present case involves an 80-year-old woman in our palliative care department who had high-grade, advanced tongue cancer. Because there was a request for surgery to prevent airway occlusion due to growth of the tumor, she was referred to our department in April 2009. As a treatment policy for controlling tumor growth in high-grade, advanced tongue cancer, arterial injection chemoradiotherapy was carried out through the superficial temporal artery, with a tongue artery catheter in place on both sides. Therapeutic effect was obtained, and it was possible to avoid airway occlusion through tumor regression. Dysphagia and dysphemia were improved, which in turn improved quality of life. In this case, there was an opportunity to carry out multidisciplinary team medicine, including support from the oral care and palliative care teams as part of the process of cancer therapy. Here, we present our findings in this case.

No abstract available.
Acetylcysteine* ; Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Healthy Volunteers* ; Humans ; Skin* ; Water Loss, Insensible

Background: The technique of pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) has evolved, andartery first’ approach was considered for the intraoperative early determinationof resectability for borderline resectable cases before the ‘point of no return’and avoidance of blood congestion resulted in the reduction of blood loss. Also,active application of energy device was useful for the reduced operative time andblood loss. Recently, 3D simulation for hepatobiliary pancreatic surgery has beenuseful and mandatory. In this presentation, we introduced our recent refinementsand advances for PD.‘Artery first’ approach and vessel sealing system for PD: ‘Artery first’ approachwere considered as six different methods as follows; 1) Superior approach, 2)Anterior approach, 3) Posterior approach, 4) Left posterior approach, 5) Right/medial uncinate approach and 6) Mesenteric approach. A while ago, wepreferably applied the mesenteric approach to PD, and also the combination ofthis approach with vessel sealing system (VSS) significantly reduced intraoperativeblood loss (Mesenteric approach with VSS, n=21 vs. non-‘Artery first’ approachwithout VSS, n=78; 320±174ml vs. 486±263ml, p<0.01).Modified de-rotation method as complete ‘Artery first’ approach: Most recently,for further refinement of operative procedure, we refined a right/medial uncinateand posterior approach as modified de-rotation method. Point of view in thismethod was the complete clockwise rotation of small intestinal mesenteryincluding ascending colon, in order to linearize from duodenum to jejunumand look at the direct front of superior mesenteric artery (SMA), vein (SMV) andsome branched jejunal vessels originated from SMA and SMV (Fig.). Thereby, inthe posterior view, the easy dissection of all pancreatic branch originated fromSMA can be done. This modified de-rotation method was possible to achieve thecomplete ‘Artery first’ approach.Preoperative 3D simulation of arterial and venous anatomy:Until now, we applied 3D volumetery software (SYNAPSE VINCENT®) aspreoperative simulation for hepatic resection. And recently, for evaluation of theposition relationship between arteries and veins surround pancreas head, weadopted this software before PD. As first step, arteries and veins are automaticallyidentified, and small vessels are manually traced on the axial CT view. Afterthat, 3D arterial and venous simulations are combined. Grasp of detailed vesselanatomy and its relationship using preoperative 3D simulation enable to safelyperform PD, even in young surgeons (operative time; young 512±49 vs. senior445±41 min, p<0.01), (blood loss; young 353±203 vs. senior 246±109 ml,p=0.16).Conclusion: Those refinements and advances are possible to safely and easilyperform pancreatoduodenectomy.

Background: The technique of pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) has evolved, and artery first’ approach was considered for the intraoperative early determination of resectability for borderline resectable cases before the ‘point of no return’ and avoidance of blood congestion resulted in the reduction of blood loss. Also, active application of energy device was useful for the reduced operative time and blood loss. Recently, 3D simulation for hepatobiliary pancreatic surgery has been useful and mandatory. In this presentation, we introduced our recent refinements and advances for PD. ‘Artery first’ approach and vessel sealing system for PD: ‘Artery first’ approach were considered as six different methods as follows; 1) Superior approach, 2) Anterior approach, 3) Posterior approach, 4) Left posterior approach, 5) Right/ medial uncinate approach and 6) Mesenteric approach. A while ago, we preferably applied the mesenteric approach to PD, and also the combination of this approach with vessel sealing system (VSS) significantly reduced intraoperative blood loss (Mesenteric approach with VSS, n=21 vs. non-‘Artery first’ approach without VSS, n=78; 320±174ml vs. 486±263ml, p<0.01). Modified de-rotation method as complete ‘Artery first’ approach: Most recently, for further refinement of operative procedure, we refined a right/medial uncinate and posterior approach as modified de-rotation method. Point of view in this method was the complete clockwise rotation of small intestinal mesentery including ascending colon, in order to linearize from duodenum to jejunum and look at the direct front of superior mesenteric artery (SMA), vein (SMV) and some branched jejunal vessels originated from SMA and SMV (Fig.). Thereby, in the posterior view, the easy dissection of all pancreatic branch originated from SMA can be done. This modified de-rotation method was possible to achieve the complete ‘Artery first’ approach. Preoperative 3D simulation of arterial and venous anatomy: Until now, we applied 3D volumetery software (SYNAPSE VINCENT®) as preoperative simulation for hepatic resection. And recently, for evaluation of the position relationship between arteries and veins surround pancreas head, we adopted this software before PD. As first step, arteries and veins are automatically identified, and small vessels are manually traced on the axial CT view. After that, 3D arterial and venous simulations are combined. Grasp of detailed vessel anatomy and its relationship using preoperative 3D simulation enable to safely perform PD, even in young surgeons (operative time; young 512±49 vs. senior 445±41 min, p<0.01), (blood loss; young 353±203 vs. senior 246±109 ml, p=0.16). Conclusion: Those refinements and advances are possible to safely and easily perform pancreatoduodenectomy.

INTRODUCTION: Recent technical innovation in liver surgery is remarkable. Now, for example, a preoperative 3D-simulation of the liver is a routine modality, and indispensable (or essential) for liver surgery. The aim of this presentation is to clarify various kinds of progresses and future perspective in liver surgery. PREOPERATIVE MODALITIES 1) One-stop shopping of 3D-simulation of the liver: We newly developed 3D-simulation using a software of SYNAPSE VINCENT Ver. 3.1 (Fujifilm Medical, Tokyo, Japan), in which biliary system is simultaneously reconstructed in one dynamic MD-CT. This technique avoids position error which occurred in 3D fusion image using another modality such as DIC–CT or MRCP, as well as unnecessary radiation exposure. 2) Assessment of partial functional reserve: We have reported new methods to astimate regional hepatic functional reserve using hepatocyte-phase of EOB-MRI (J Gastroenterol 2012), and fusion image of 3D-CT and asialoscintigraphy using 99m-Tc galactosyl human albumin. The method of EOB-MRI utilized character of hepatocyte-uptake of EOB through membrane transporters on hepatocytes. The other used fusion of both asialoscintigram of hepatic functional reserve and 3D-simulation by the above-mentioned software. Those techniques provided accurate estimation of partial functional volume, and help surgeons’ decision making of resection volume. INTRAOPERATIVE MODALITIES: 1) Navigation using iPad: navigation using iPad in which preoperative 3D-image data are uploaded in advance, tumor location, accurate and anatomical orientation can confirm in the operative field during operation. This technique enable not only operators also assistants or students to better understand precise anatomy. 2) Indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescent image-guided navigation: this technique using HyperEye Medical System (MIZUHO IKAKOGYO Co., Ltd. Tokyo, Japan) help us to confirm tattooing of target segment and parenchymal intersegmental plane, and detect hepatic tumors (metastatic and HCC) near liver surface as well as invisible tumor inside the liver. CONCLUSIONS: Various advancements such as preoperative 3D-simulation including partial functional reserve estimation and intraoperative navigation techniques enabled surgeons to easily and safely perform hepatic resection.

[Objective] Physical exercises raise more or less body temperature. A body temperature is regulated constantly generally by homeostasis mechanism. Perspiration is only heat radiation mechanism under high temperature environments. And sudoriferous water is supplied from blood. Blood flow is determined by blood fluidity, blood volume and the cardiovascular system. It was reported that strong stress decreased blood fluidity.In this experiment, we investigated the relation between blood fluidity and water supply in rats loaded with forced exercise in high temperature environment.[Methods] SPF male Wistar rats weighing 150 g were used. All animals were put in high temperature environment (Wet Bulb Globe Temperature; WBGT: 28°C) through whole experimental period. In a group of water supply, distilled water was served before and later exercise by sonde forcibly. The rats were divided into five groups randomly; Rest-Non water intake (RN), Rest-Water intake (RW), Exercise-Non water intake (EN), Exercise-Water intake (EW) and Baseline (B). The blood was collected before or later of exercise and blood fluidity or platelet aggregation was measured.[Results] In the EN, platelet aggregation, lactic acid and corticosterone increased while blood fluidity were decreased significantly compared with the RN, RW and EW. In addition, the hematocrit did not increase even if water equivalent to 8 % of body weight lost it.[Conclusion] We speculate that exercise in high temperature environment decreases blood fluidity. However, the water supply that does not completely make up for quantity of depletion in exercise may improve blood fluidity.

[Objective] Perspiration is almost only heat radiation mechanism under high temperature environments. And sudoriferous water is supplied from blood. Blood flow is determined by blood fluidity, blood volume and the cardiovascular system. It was reported that strong stress decreased blood fluidity.In this experiment, we investigated the relation between blood fluidity and water supply in rats loaded with forced exercise in high temperature environment.[Methods] SPF male Wistar rats weighing 250g were used. All animals were put in high temperature environment (Wet Bulb Globe Temperature; WBGT: 28°C) through whole experimental period. The rats were divided into four groups randomly; Suitable temperature environment-Exercise-Non water intake (SEN), High temperature environment-Exercise-Non water intake (HEN), High temperature environment-Exercise-Water intake (HEW) and Baseline (BL). In a group of water supply, distilled water was served before and later exercise by sonde forcibly. The blood was collected before or later of exercise and blood and erythrocyte suspension fluidity were measured.[Results] In the HEN, hydroperoxides, blood sodium, lactic acid and adrenaline increased while blood and erythrocyte suspension fluidity were decreased significantly compared with the BL. In addition, the hematocrit did not increase even if water equivalent to 4% of body weight lost it.[Conclusion] We speculate that exercise in high temperature environment decreases blood fluidity. However, the water supply in exercise that might not be sufficiently improve blood fluidity.

OBJECTIVESMucosal immunity plays a pivotal role for body defense against infection and allergy. The aim of this study was to clarify the effects of 2,3,7,8-tetraclorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on mucosal immunity in the gut.

METHODSFecal IgA level and oral tolerance induction were examined in TCDD-treated mice. Flow cytometric and histological analyses were also performed.

RESULTSSingle oral administration of low dose 2,3,7,8-TCDD resulted in a marked decrease in IgA secretion in the gut without any effects on the cellular components of gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) including Peyer's patches (PPs) and mesenteric lymph nodes (LNs). Decressed IgA secretion by TCDD was not observed in aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-deficient mice. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that IgA B cells in PPs and the mesenteric LNs remained unchanged in the TCDD-treated mice. An immunofluorescence study also demonstrated that a significant number of cytoplasmic IgA cells were present in the lamina propria of the gut in the TCDD-treated mice. Furthermore, oral tolerance induction by ovalbumin (OVA) was impaired in the TCDD-treated mice and OVA-specific T cell proliferation occurred in the peripheral lymphoid tissues including the spleen and LNs.

CONCLUSIONSThese results suggest that a relatively low dose of TCDD impairs mucosal immunity in the gut and induces systemic sensitization by oral antigens.