Objective To investigate the effects of 16-week Tai Chi exercise on muscle strength,plantar tactile sensation,kinesthesia,and postural control of older adults at different ages.Methods Thirty-nine older adults were divided into 60-75-year-old group(n=24)and the 76-90-year-old group(n=15),and both groups received Tai Chi practice for 16 weeks.The muscle strength,plantar tactile sensation,kinesthesia,and center of pressure root mean square(CoP-RMS)were measured before and after practice.Results After 16 weeks of Tai Chi exercise,the fifth metatarsal head tactile sensation and ankle dorsiflexion/plantarflexion kinesthesia thresholds decreased in the 76-90-year-old group.However,there was no significant change in the 60-75-year-old group.The CoP-RMS in the medial/lateral direction decreased in the 60-75-year-old and 76-90-year-old group.Conclusions After 16 weeks of Tai Chi exercise,muscle strength,plantar tactile sensation,kinesthesia,and postural control were improved.Especially for older adults aged over 75 years,Tai Chi exercise improved their plantar tactile sensation,kinesthesia,and postural control to a greater extent.Tai Chi practice provides a suitable and effective exercise form for older adults over 75 years.

Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) is a widely utilized therapeutic approach for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), however, the clinical implementation is constrained by the stringent preparation conditions of radioembolization agents. Herein, we incorporated the superstable homogeneous iodinated formulation technology (SHIFT), simultaneously utilizing an enhanced solvent form in a carbon dioxide supercritical fluid environment, to encapsulate radionuclides (such as ¹³¹I,¹⁷⁷Lu, or ¹⁸F) with lipiodol for the preparation of radiolipiodol. The resulting radiolipiodol exhibited exceptional stability and ultra-high labeling efficiency (≥99%) and displayed notable intratumoral radionuclide retention and in vivo stability more than 2 weeks following locoregional injection in subcutaneous tumors in mice and orthotopic liver tumors in rats and rabbits. Given these encouraging findings, ¹⁸F was authorized as a radiotracer in radiolipiodol for clinical trials in HCC patients, and showed a favorable tumor accumulation, with a tumor-to-liver uptake ratio of ≥50 and minimal radionuclide leakage, confirming the feasibility of SHIFT for TARE applications. In the context of transforming from preclinical to clinical screening, the preparation of radiolipiodol by SHIFT represents an innovative physical strategy for radionuclide encapsulation. Hence, this work offers a reliable and efficient approach for TARE in HCC, showing considerable promise for clinical application (ChiCTR2400087731).

Objective To investigate the effects of 16-week Tai Chi exercise on muscle strength,plantar tactile sensation,kinesthesia,and postural control of older adults at different ages.Methods Thirty-nine older adults were divided into 60-75-year-old group(n=24)and the 76-90-year-old group(n=15),and both groups received Tai Chi practice for 16 weeks.The muscle strength,plantar tactile sensation,kinesthesia,and center of pressure root mean square(CoP-RMS)were measured before and after practice.Results After 16 weeks of Tai Chi exercise,the fifth metatarsal head tactile sensation and ankle dorsiflexion/plantarflexion kinesthesia thresholds decreased in the 76-90-year-old group.However,there was no significant change in the 60-75-year-old group.The CoP-RMS in the medial/lateral direction decreased in the 60-75-year-old and 76-90-year-old group.Conclusions After 16 weeks of Tai Chi exercise,muscle strength,plantar tactile sensation,kinesthesia,and postural control were improved.Especially for older adults aged over 75 years,Tai Chi exercise improved their plantar tactile sensation,kinesthesia,and postural control to a greater extent.Tai Chi practice provides a suitable and effective exercise form for older adults over 75 years.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of trehalose on oxygen-glucose deprivation and restoration (OGD/R) injury in H9C2 cells and the role of solute carrier family 7 member 11- (SLC7A11)-glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) signaling pathway.Methods:Well-grown H9C2 cells were divided into 4 groups ( n=24 each) by the random number table method: control group (group C), OGD/R group (group O), OGD/R+ trehalose group (group OT) and OGD/R+ trehalose+ erastin group (group OTE). The cells were normally cultured in group C. In O, OT and OTE groups, the DMEM medium was replaced with EBSS medium, the cells were exposed to 5% CO 2-95% N 2 in an incubator at 37 ℃ for 6 h, and then the medium was replaced with DMEM medium supplemented with 6% fetal bovine serum to restore oxygen and glucose supply for 24 h. In group OT, trehalose at a final concentration of 50 mmol/L was added during restoration of oxygen and glucose supply. In group OTE, the SLC7A11 inhibitor erastin at a final concentration of 10 μmol/L was added at 8 h before oxygen-glucose deprivation, and trehalose at a final concentration of 50 mmol/L was added during restoration of oxygen and glucose supply. The cell viability, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, contents of glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and iron, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured at 24 h of restoration of oxygen and glucose supply. The expression of SLC7A11, GPX4, long-chain fatty acyl coenzyme A synthetase 4 (ACSL4), and ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) was detected by Western blot. The structure of the mitochondrial morphology was observed with a transmission electron microscope. Results:Compared with group C, the cell viability and GSH content were significantly decreased, the LDH activity, contents of MDA and iron, and ROS level were increased, the expression of SLC7A11, GPX4 and FTH1 was down-regulated, and the expression of ACSL4 was up-regulated in group O ( P<0.05). Compared with group O, the cell viability and GSH content were significantly increased, the LDH activity, contents of MDA and iron, and ROS level were decreased, the expression of SLC7A11, GPX4 and FTH1 was up-regulated, and the expression of ACSL4 was down-regulated in group OT ( P<0.05). Compared with group OT, the cell viability and GSH content were significantly decreased, the LDH activity, contents of MDA and iron, and ROS levels were increased, the expression of SLC7A11, GPX4 and FTH1 was down-regulated, and the expression of ACSL4 was up-regulated in group OTE ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Trehalose can inhibit ferroptosis by activating the SLC7A11-GPX4 signaling pathway, thereby attenuating OGD/R injury in H9C2 cells.

With persistent breakthrough and maturity of surgical procedures and postoperative immunosuppressive therapy, the survival rate of liver transplant recipients and grafts has been significantly increased. The shortage of donor liver has become the main obstacle for clinical development of liver transplantation. How to expand the source of donor liver has become an urgent issue. Groundbreaking progresses have been made in the use of common marginal donor livers in clinical liver transplantation, such as elderly donor liver, steatosis donor liver, viral hepatitis donor liver and liver from donation after cardiac death. Nevertheless, multiple restrictions still exist regarding the use of marginal donor liver. Consequently, the definition of marginal donor liver and research progress in the application of common marginal donor livers were reviewed, and the opportunities and challenges of mariginal donoor liver were illustrated, aiming to provide reference for expanding the donor pool for clinical liver transplantation and bringing benefits to more patients with end-stage liver disease.

Objective:To observe the efficacy and safety of subretinal injection of Aflibercept for the treatment of refractory or recurrent polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV).Methods:A prospective clinical research. From January to June 2022, 18 patients of 18 eyes with PCV diagnosed in The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University were included in the study. All patients underwent best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), indocyanine green angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT). The BCVA examination was performed using the international standard visual acuity chart, which was converted to logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) visual acuity during statistics. The large choroidal vessel thickness (LVCT), central retinal thickness (CRT), sub-foveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and retinal pigment epithelium detachment (PED) height were measured by enhanced depth imaging technique of OCT. The choroidal vascular index (CVI) was calculated. There were 18 patients of 18 eyes, 11 males of 11 eyes and 7 females of 7 eyes. The age was (64.22±3.86) years old. The disease duration was (5.22±1.80) years. The patient had received intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs for (7.72±1.36) times. The logMAR BCVA of the affected eyes was 1.28±0.25. The SFCT, CRT, LVCT, PED height were (436.56±9.80), (432.44±44.29), (283.78±27.10), (342.44±50.18) μm, respectively, and CVI was 0.65±0.01. All eyes were treated with a single subretinal injection of 40 mg/ml Aflibercept 0.05 ml (including Aflibercept 2.0 mg). According to the results of OCT and BCVA after treatment, the lesions were divided into active type and static type. The active lesions were treated with intravitreal injection of Aflibercept at the same dose as before. Quiescent lesions were followed up. Examinations were performed 1-3, 6, 9 and 12 months after treatment using the same equipment and methods before treatment. The BCVA, LVCT, CRT, SFCT, PED height, CVI, interretinal or subretinal fluid, lesion regression rate, injection times, and complications during and after treatment were observed. The BCVA, SFCT, CRT, LVCT, PED height and CVI before and after treatment were compared by repeated measures analysis of variance.Results:Eighteen eyes received subretinal and/or intravitreal injection of Aflibercept (1.61±0.85) times (1-4 times). At the last follow-up, the polypoid lesions regressed in 4 eyes and PED disappeared in 1 eye. Compared with before treatment, BCVA ( F=50.298) gradually increased, CRT ( F=25.220), PED height ( F=144.16), SFCT ( F=69.77), LVCT ( F=136.69), CVI ( F=72.70) gradually decreased after treatment. The differences were statistically significant ( P<0.001). Macular hole occurred in 1 eye after treatment, and the hole closed spontaneously 3 months after treatment. No serious complications such as retinal tear, retinal detachment, endophthalmitis and vitreous hemorrhage occurred during and after treatment. Conclusion:Subretinal injection of Aflibercept is safe and effective in the treatment of refractory PCV.

Background Currently,there has been a gradual increase in the incidence of mental diseases,becoming a problem that has attracted great concern of the general public.Zhuhai is a core city of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,and the local government have attached great importance to the mental health of residents.The systematic study on the mental health has focused largely on pregnant women and medical workers,yet few are on the adult residents.Objective To investigate the prevalence and its influencing factors of anxiety and depression among adult residents in Zhuhai,so as to provide references for formulating targeted psychological intervention strategies.Methods From September 1 to December 1,2021,a cohort of 5 600 permanent residents aged 18 years and above in Zhuhai were selected through multistage sampling.All participants were subjected to complete Patients' Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 item(PHQ-9),Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 item(GAD-7)and National Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire based on Wenjuanxing software.Then Logistic regression was employed to identify the factors associated with anxiety and depression among the residents.Results Among the 5 600 residents,depressive symptoms were detected in 842(15.04％)residents and anxiety symptoms in 579(10.34％)residents.Logistic regression analysis yielded that female gender(OR=1.488),living in Doumen district(OR=1.942),junior college/undergraduate level(OR=3.602),postgraduate and above(OR=5.904),irregular meal pattern(OR=3.320),comorbid chronic diseases(OR=3.244),disqualification of self-assessment(OR=3.414)and disqualification of mental health skill(OR=2.131)were risk factors for depression symptoms,whereas age≥25 years old(of all age groups OR<1),monthly per capita income>20 000 yuan(OR=0.438)and exercising≥3 times a week(OR=0.431)were protective factors for depression symptoms.Age of 25～34 years old(OR=2.051),living in Jinwan district(OR=1.729)or Doumen district(OR=1.901),junior college/undergraduate level(OR=2.955),postgraduate and above(OR=6.662),irregular meal pattern(OR=2.741),comorbid chronic diseases(OR=3.535),disqualification of self-assessment(OR=3.325)and disqualification of mental health skill(OR=1.838)were risk factors for anxiety symptoms,while monthly per capita income of 6 001～9 000 yuan(OR=0.665)and exercising≥3 times a week(OR=0.572)were protective factors for anxiety symptoms.Conclusion The mental health status of adult residents in Zhuhai is affected by various factors,including gender,age,region of residence,education level,meal pattern,exercise frequency and chronic diseases.

The announcement of the 9th edition of TNM staging system for thymic tumors was one of the highlights at the World Conference on Lung Cancer 2023. The revision, based on a larger and more detailed database, provides changes and confirmation from the last system. The 9th edition of TNM staging system aims to balance statistical significance and clinical feasibility. The birth of an improved TNM staging system heralds the changes that will follow in clinical practice and scientific research.

The ninth edition of TNM staging for lung cancer has been announced at the 2023 World Lung Cancer Congress and implemented from January 1, 2024. The focus of the ninth TNM staging change is dividing N2 into N2a and N2b, as well as M1c into M1c1 and M1c2. Although the T staging has not changed, it has played an important role in verifying the eighth edition of the T staging. The subdivision of stage N2 has led some patients with ⅢA of the eighth edition to experience ascending or descending stages, which will more accurately help to assess the condition and prognosis of patients with mediastinal lymph node metastasis, as well as the design of related clinical studies. Modifying the M1c staging will help define oligometastasis and explore new treatment models in the future. The ninth edition of the TNM staging system provides a more detailed division of different tumor loads, but there is no clear explanation for the staging of lung cancer after neoadjuvant therapy. Further data analysis is needed, and it is expected to be answered in the tenth edition of TNM staging.

The ninth edition of TNM staging for lung cancer has been announced at the 2023 World Lung Cancer Congress and implemented from January 1, 2024. The focus of the ninth TNM staging change is dividing N2 into N2a and N2b, as well as M1c into M1c1 and M1c2. Although the T staging has not changed, it has played an important role in verifying the eighth edition of the T staging. The subdivision of stage N2 has led some patients with ⅢA of the eighth edition to experience ascending or descending stages, which will more accurately help to assess the condition and prognosis of patients with mediastinal lymph node metastasis, as well as the design of related clinical studies. Modifying the M1c staging will help define oligometastasis and explore new treatment models in the future. The ninth edition of the TNM staging system provides a more detailed division of different tumor loads, but there is no clear explanation for the staging of lung cancer after neoadjuvant therapy. Further data analysis is needed, and it is expected to be answered in the tenth edition of TNM staging.